========================================
Videos of the our Shows from 2001 to 2019 are available on www.vimeo.com/southendaquarist
========================================

Southend Leigh and District Aquarist Society.
The Society has been active since at least 1935 and even held a show in the Kursaal in 1938. Current members range from novices to those with life long experience of fishkeeping in aquariums & ponds.
New members always welcome- you get three meetings at no cost to see if you like us- we won`t ask you to subscribe until your fourth visit.
We have held a Show almost every year since 1948. Traditionally our show is held in May.
Southend-on-Sea  commonly referred to simply as Southend, is a large coastal town and wider unitary authority area with city status in southeastern Essex, England.It was granted city status by the Prime Minister on the recent knifing of the popular member of parliament for Southend West, Sir David Amess, who had long championed the town as deserving the city status.  The city lies on the north side of the Thames Estuary, 40 miles (64 km) east of central London. It is bordered to the north by Rochford and to the west by Castle Point. It is home to the longest leisure pier in the world, Southend Pier. London Southend Airport is located 1.5 NM (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) north of the city centre.

More news for the fishkeeper can be found at:- https://www.facebook.com/groups/181515255319981/​/ this is derived from newspapers & websites etc. plus
Archive of Aquarium Magazines aqua-worlduk.weebly.com
& in Memory of Howard Preston responsible for the interest in wild livebearers in the UK  howardpreston.weebly.com
======================================================================

A new Coelorinchus from the western Indian Ocean with comments on the C. tokiensis group of species (Teleostei: Gadiformes: Macrouridae)

• ARTEM M. PROKOFIEV+
• TOMIO IWAMOTO+

PISCESTAXONOMYMORPHOLOGYDEEP-SEA BENTHIC FISHINDO-PACIFIC

• PDF(50M)

AbstractA new species, Coelorinchus zinjianus sp. nov., is described from the western Indian Ocean off Madagascar. In many respects, the new species is similar to C. quadricristatus but differs from that species in details of scale spinulation, mouth coloration (pale vs. dark), size of external light organ, and some other proportions. Together with C. flabellispinis and C. trunovi, these species form the flabellispinis species group, which is restricted to the northern and western Indian Ocean and is similar in most respects to the West-Pacific tokiensis group, but differs in the size and shape of the terminal snout scute (long and pointed, diamond-shaped vs. small and blunt) and apparently attaining a smaller adult size (< 45–55 cm TL vs. > 80–90 cm TL, depending on the species).



mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5301.1.7

==========================

Phenacogaster lucenae • Molecular Species Delimitation and Description of A New Species of Phenacogaster (Characiformes: Characidae) from the southern Amazon Basin


Phenacogaster lucenae
Souza, Mattox, Vita, Ochoa, Melo & Oliveira, 2023

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1164.102436

Abstract
Phenacogaster is the most species-rich genus of the subfamily Characinae with 23 valid species broadly distributed in riverine systems of South America. Despite the taxonomic diversity of the genus, little has been advanced about its molecular diversity. A recent molecular phylogeny indicated the presence of undescribed species within Phenacogaster that is formally described here. We sampled 73 specimens of Phenacogaster and sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in order to undertake species delimitation analyses and evaluate their intra- and interspecific genetic diversity. The results show the presence of 14 species, 13 of which are valid and one undescribed. The new species is known from the tributaries of the Xingu basin, the Rio das Mortes of the Araguaia basin, and the Rio Teles Pires of the Tapajós basin. It is distinguished by the incomplete lateral line, position of the humeral blotch near the pseudotympanum, and shape of the caudal-peduncle blotch. Meristic data and genetic differentiation relative to other Phenacogaster species represent strong evidence for the recognition of the new species and highlight the occurrence of an additional lineage of P. franciscoensis.

Keywords: Biodiversity, Characinae, mitochondrial DNA, Neotropical freshwater fishes, Phenacogasterini


Phenacogaster lucenae
A MZUSP 126754, holotype, 26.7 mm SL, Brazil, Pará, Novo Progresso, Xingu basin, stream affluent of Rio Curuá
 B LBP 30738, paratype, 38.1 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso, Primavera do Leste, Xingu basin, Rio Culuene, Córrego Xavante
C LBP 25217, paratype, 30.6 mm SL, Brazil, Pará, Altamira, Xingu basin, Rio Treze de Maio.


 Phenacogaster lucenae sp. nov.
Phenacogaster sp. Xingu: Souza et al. 2022: 9, figs 3, 5 
[molecular phylogeny; cited in figures also as Phenacogaster sp. Xingu].

Diagnosis: Phenacogaster lucenae is distinguished from all congeners except P. tegata (Eigenmann, 1911), P. carteri (Norman, 1934), P. napoatilis Lucena & Malabarba, 2010, and P. capitulata Lucena & Malabarba, 2010 by having an incomplete lateral line (vs. complete lateral line). It differs from P. tegata by the presence of a round or slightly longitudinal oval humeral blotch near the pseudotympanum and distant from the vertical through dorsal-fin origin (vs. humeral blotch longitudinally elongated distant from pseudotympanum, closer to vertical through dorsal-fin origin). The new species differs from P. carteri by having a humeral blotch in males and females (vs. absence of humeral blotch in both sexes) and from P. napoatilis and P. capitulata by having a humeral blotch in both sexes (vs. absence of humeral blotch in males). In addition to the incomplete lateral line (vs. complete), P. lucenae differs from P. retropinna Lucena & Malabarba, 2010 by the anal-fin origin at vertical through base of first or second dorsal-fin branched ray (vs. anal-fin origin located posteriorly to that point), and from P. ojitata Lucena & Malabarba, 2010 by the round caudal peduncle blotch slightly reaching over the middle caudal-fin rays (vs. a diamond-shaped caudal peduncle blotch and further extending over the middle caudal-fin rays).

Etymology: Phenacogaster lucenae is named in honor of Dr. Zilda Margarete Seixas de Lucena, an eminent ichthyologist who has significantly contributed to our knowledge of Phenacogaster taxonomy. A noun in genitive case.


 Camila S. Souza, George M. T. Mattox, George Vita, Luz E. Ochoa, Bruno F. Melo and Claudio Oliveira. 2023. Molecular Species Delimitation and Description of A New Species of Phenacogaster (Teleostei, Characidae) from the southern Amazon Basin. ZooKeys. 1164: 1-21. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1164.102436

==========================

Kryptolebias genome of three species

IntroductionKryptolebias is a killifish genus (family Rivulidae) composed of seven currently valid species (Berbel-Filho et al. 2022), although the number of species in the genus is likely to change as some taxonomic debates are still ongoing (Berbel-Filho et al. 2022; Huber 2016). Phylogenetic analyses have indicated the presence of two distinct monophyletic clades within Kryptolebias, one of them composed of narrowly distributed freshwater species living in temporary streams and pools in South America: K. campelloi (Costa 1990) from North Brazil; K. sepia Vermeulen & Hrbek 2005 from Suriname; K. gracilis Costa 2007, and K. brasiliensis (Valenciennes 1821) from Southeast Brazil. The other clade is composed of three species living in mangrove forests along the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic basin, the ‘mangrove killifish clade’: K. marmoratus (Poey 1880), K. hermaphroditus sensu Costa 2011, and K. ocellatus (sensu Costa 2011) (Berbel-Filho et al. 2022; Costa, Lima, and Bartolette 2010; Murphy, Thomerson, and Collier 1999; Tatarenkov et al. 2009, 2017).
Kryptolebias is a remarkable genus in many aspects. For instance, K. marmoratus and K. hermaphroditus sensu Costa 2011 are the only two vertebrates known to be capable of self-fertilization (Berbel-Filho et al. 2022), whereas K. ocellatus (sensu Costa 2011) is a hermaphroditic but obligate outcrossing species (Berbel-Filho et al. 2020). This variation in mating systems makes Kryptolebias a unique vertebrate system for investigating the genomic, physiological, and behavioral changes involved in the transition from outcrossing to selfing. In addition, K. marmoratus, the most well-studied Kryptolebias species, is considered a highly amphibious fish (Turko, Rossi, and Wright 2021), with extreme physiological and behavioral adaptations to live out of water, in some cases for months (Taylor 1990). The amphibious nature of K. marmoratus is also likely to be valid for other Kryptolebias species, providing unique opportunities for studying the phenotypic and genomic changes involved in the transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats.
To avoid long-term taxonomic confusion, we would like to provide some background on the taxonomic status of K. ocellatus (Sensu Costa 2011), whose genome was sequenced here. Due to morphological similarities and syntopy between species, the taxonomic status of the mangrove killifish clade has been historically confusing, particularly in Southeast Brazil. Briefly, Rivulus ocellatus was initially described by Hensel (1868) using a single specimen from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Later, Seegers (1984) suggested the existence of two syntopic species in Rio de Janeiro: the hermaphroditic R. ocellatus as in Hensel (1868), and a yet undescribed species composed of hermaphrodites and males, named R. caudomarginatus. After taxonomic revision of the family Rivulidae, Costa (2004) reclassified some previously known Rivulus species (Rivulus brasiliensis, R. campelloi, R. caudomarginatus, R. ocellatus, and R. marmoratus) into a new genus called Kryptolebias. After morphological evaluation of the K. ocellatus holotype by Costa (2011) argued that the species originally described by Hensel as K. ocellatus was in fact K. caudomarginatus (as in Seegers (1984)). Therefore, K. caudomarginatus has become a junior synonym for K. ocellatus. The other syntopic species composed of selfing hermaphrodites was then named as K. hermaphroditus (Costa 2011). However, discussions on the taxonomic nomenclature of these mangrove killifish species are still ongoing (Huber 2016). This taxonomic connudrum is likely to be fully resolved only when the genetic data of the formalin-fixed K. ocellatus holotype, initially described by Hensel (1868), is available. For the genome generated here, we used the currently valid taxonomic classification, with the selfing species occurring from the Caribbean to Southeast Brazil, named K. hermaphroditus sensu Costa 2011, and the androdioceous outcrossing from South and Southeast Brazil, K. ocellatus (sensu Costa 2011) (Berbel-Filho et al. 2020, 2022).
Here we provide whole genome sequencing data for the mangrove killifish K. ocellatus (sensu Costa 2011) (Fig. 1a), and two freshwater Kryptolebias species: K. brasiliensis and K. gracilis (Fig. 1b and c, respectively). Although Kryptolebias ocellatus has no current classification of its conservation status, K. brasiliensis and K. gracilis are categorized as endangered and critically endangered species, respectively, by the Brazilian list of threatened fish species (MMA 2022).
biodiversitygenomes.scholasticahq.com/article/77448-the-complete-genome-sequences-of-three-species-from-the-killifish-genus-kryptolebias-rivulidae-cyprinodontiformes
​biodiversitygenomes.scholasticahq.com/article/77448-the-complete-genome-sequences-of-three-species-from-the-killifish-genus-kryptolebias-rivulidae-cyprinodontiformes

​==========================

Encheloclarias kelioides)

Fish species thought extinct discovered in small Singapore swamp, many miles from where it was last seen

• The last time the Keli bladefin catfish (Encheloclarias kelioides) was seen was 1993, approximately 300 km from the site of this discovery.

• The finding extends the range of the species considerably, and highlights the importance of small remnant forest fragments as harbours for biodiversity.

• The discovery confirms the species as currently the only freshwater fish species in Singapore listed globally as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List.

© National Parks Board
Until recently……the air-breathing catfish (Encheloclarias kelioides) had only ever been seen and recorded twice: once way back in 1934, and again in 1993. With much of the species’ eastern Peninsular Malaysia peat swamp habitats having been drained to make way for palm oil plantations, the catfish was listed as Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) in 1996. But in August 2022, researchers were baffled when a specimen turned up in a trap set by students researching crabs in Singapore’s Nee Soon Swamp Forest. Incredibly, it was the elusive Encheloclarias kelioides, discovered for the first time many miles from where it had previously been recorded.
Dr Tan Heok Hui, a Singaporean ichthyologist based at the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, was one of the researchers who confirmed the identity of this surprising discovery. He said, “Encheloclarias has never been recorded in Singapore, and Encheloclarias kelioides is a really rare species that has previously only been recorded from peat swamp habitat. Singapore doesn’t have real peat swamp – the specimen was found in more like a mature acid swamp forest – so the discovery is pretty remarkable. It has rewritten our knowledge of Encheloclarias. When it first made its way to me, I thought, you’ve got to be kidding, this has to be a practical joke!”.
The Encheloclarias kelioides individuals caught were accidental bycatch from traps that had been set by Tan Zhi Wan, Research Assistant at the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum and Elysia Toh, Research Associate at Yale-NUS College as part of their research into semi- terrestrial crabs. Nobody was actively looking for Encheloclarias, and it was just pure luck that they recognised them as being different from any catfish known from that region. They had no permit to take the fish from the Nee Soon reserve, but before they returned the individuals to the water, they took photos to send to the experts.

© Tan Heok Hui
Dr Tan was one of the ichthyologists who received the photos……and he immediately recognised the images as being Encheloclarias. A month later, Dr Tan, Tan Zhi Wan and Elysia Toh visited the same area of the Nee Soon Swamp Forest where the individuals were previously found, set similar traps and left them overnight. When they checked the traps the next day, the fish was there. Dr Tan said, “It gave me the impression that we were really lucky”.
The discovery represents a range extension for the species, which was previously understood to be restricted to peat swamps in eastern Peninsular Malaysia and possibly central Sumatra (the specimen found there has not been confirmed as Encheloclarias kelioides) (Tan, Zhi Wan et al, 2023).
The Bebar drainage where the species was spotted……in 1993 is around 300 km from Nee Soon. So how did the species end up 300 km from where it was last seen three decades ago? Over many millennia, Tan said, “Southeast Asia experienced floodings and drying outs from rising and lowering of the sea level. The Gulf of Thailand actually once drained to one major river, and Singapore and part of Malaysia would have been part of that. They were once connected”.
Finding Encheloclarias kelioides in the Nee Soon Swamp Forest is significant for a number of reasons. Firstly, it proves that the species is not extinct. Secondly, this represents a range extension for the species of hundreds of kilometres. And thirdly, it helps confirm the Nee Soon Swamp Forest as an area of global conservation importance. While small, at approximately 5km 2 , it is the last remaining fragment of primary freshwater swamp forest in Singapore and is lush with biodiversity, harbouring more than half of the native freshwater fish species in Singapore, with some species being restricted only to this forest (Ho et al., 2016; Li et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2020). Furthermore, it is protected under Singapore law: with the public needing a permit to enter and no threat of development, it has become a secure refuge for wildlife.
Given that species of the genus Encheloclarias are acid-water specialists, this discovery highlights the significance of the Nee Soon Swamp Forest and the importance of conserving this habitat as a stronghold of uncommon and stenotopic freshwater fauna in Singapore (Ng &amp; Lim, 1992; Cai et al., 2018; Clews et al., 2018;).

© Tan Zhi Wan
According to Dr. Tan……to ensure Encheloclarias kelioides is protected from extinction, Singapore needs to keep doing what it has been doing, i.e. keep Nee Soon swamp protected. And there should be, “Proper baseline surveys and monitoring programmes by local experts, proper and fair legislation, and enforcements if people break the laws”.
He conceded that conserving the Encheloclarias genus could be a bit more tricky: “When wetlands are protected, they are never protected for the freshwater inhabitants but for birds mostly, and enigmatic animals like orangutans. Seldom fishes, which is sad. To get funding to do these surveys is not easy, and most of the local conservationists are not really trained to recognise the fish. Also, I’ve been to protected areas where you can catch fish and eat them. You can’t catch a bird or a mammal but there are different standards with fish, which is often viewed as a cheap source of protein”.
In light of the new discovery, Dr Tan together with the rest of the team, including Associate Professor Darren Yeo of the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Dr Cai Yixiong, Senior Manager at the National Biodiversity Centre, National Parks Board (NParks), Tan Zhi Wan and Elysia Toh recommend the species’ IUCN Red List assessment status to be revised to Critically Endangered and consider its national conservation status in Singapore to be Critically Endangered.
The discovery occurred a few months before……the planned release of an ‘The Strategic Framework to Accelerate Urgent Conservation Action for ASAP Freshwater Fishes in Southeast Asia’, a collaboration between the IUCN Species Survival Commission Asian Species Action Partnership, SHOAL, and Mandai Nature, that provides a strategic framework to accelerate urgent conservation action for the most threatened freshwater fish species in Asia. The Strategic Framework is due for release this spring.
The study on the discovery of several specimens of Encheloclarias kelioides in Nee Soon Swamp Forest was co-authored by the National University of Singapore (NUS) and NParks, which is the lead agency for greenery, biodiversity conservation, and wildlife and animal health, welfare and management in Singapore, and responsible for enhancing and managing the urban ecosystems there.

© Tan Heok Hui
In a statement…Mr Ryan Lee, Group Director, National Biodiversity Centre, NParks, said, “The presence of these specimens in Nee Soon Swamp Forest within the Central Catchment Nature Reserve suggests the importance of small forest fragments as habitats for biodiversity including cryptic species. The Central Catchment Nature Reserve is one of four gazetted nature reserves in Singapore, which are legally protected areas of rich biodiversity that are representative sites of key indigenous ecosystems. Hence, there are restrictions on the activities that can be carried out in these areas, as well as access to certain sites, to safeguard the native flora and fauna.
“As such, minimal change to the existing freshwater swamp conditions are possible factors that could have allowed Encheloclarias kelioides to survive. It is reasonable to expect that more freshwater fish species may be discovered here in the future.
“NParks will continue to work with researchers to better understand the abundance and distribution range of Encheloclarias kelioides in Singapore, as well as the role these native catfish play in the freshwater ecosystem. This discovery highlights the significance of Nee Soon Swamp Forest as a stronghold of uncommon and specialised freshwater fauna in Singapore. As part of our efforts under the Nature Conservation Masterplan, NParks will continue to conserve Singapore’s key habitats, through the safeguarding and strengthening of Singapore’s core biodiversity areas, including our nature reserves. In addition, we will continue to conserve more native plant and animal species. These efforts will continue to allow our native biodiversity to thrive, allowing us to achieve our vision of becoming a City in Nature”.
The Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum is currently celebrating its eighth birthday, and Encheloclarias had been displayed in the museum as part of the anniversary celebrations.
The species does not currently have a common name. Dr Tan suggested it could be called the Keli bladefin catfish: bladefin catfish is the common name for all Encheloclarias, and in Malay, Clarias catfish are known as Ikan Keli.

shoalconservation.org/keli-bladefin-catfish/

​=========================

Melanostomias dio • A New Species of the Dragonfish Genus Melanostomias (Stomiiformes: Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae) from the Western Tropical Atlantic


Melanostomias dio
Villarins, Fischer, Prokofiev & Mincarone, 2023

DOI: 10.1643/i2022082 
 twitter.com/IchsAndHerps

Abstract
A new species of the scaleless black dragonfish genus Melanostomias is described based on a single specimen (180 mm SL) collected off the northern Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (Brazil), western Tropical Atlantic. It differs from its congeners in having a unique barbel morphology, which ends in a bulb with two opposite slender terminal appendages. In addition, the occurrences of Melanostomias melanops and M. valdiviae are confirmed in Brazilian waters based on examination of new material. An overview analysis of the distribution and meristic variation of the species within the genus is also provided.


Melanostomias dio, holotype, NPM 4606, 180 mm SL,
off northern Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil.
Scale bar = 10 mm.

Melanostomias dio, new species 
Horns-up Dragonfish 

Etymology.--The specific name honors the late Ronald James Padavona, professionally known as Ronnie James Dio, one of the greatest and most influential heavy metal vocalists of all time. Among his many contributions to the metal culture, Dio popularized the hand gesture commonly referred to as horns up, which resembles the shape of the terminal bulb on the chin barbel of the new species.



 
Bárbara Teixeira Villarins, Luciano Gomes Fischer, Artem Mikhailovich Prokofiev and Michael Maia Mincarone. 2023. A New Species of the Dragonfish Genus Melanostomias (Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae) from the Western Tropical Atlantic. Ichthyology & Herpetology. 111(2); 254-263.  DOI: 10.1643/i2022082
  twitter.com/IchsAndHerps/status/1660652365320531971

=========================

Listrura gyrinura sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/act: F68F2A3E-B5F7-418E-BFA6-EA6752BAB543
( Figures 1–3a–c View Figure 1 View Figure 2 View Figure 3 ; Table 1 View Table 1 )
Holotype
UFRJ 6927 , 39.9 mm SL; Brazil: Santa Catarina State: Municipality of Paulo Lopes: village of Sertão do Campo : stream tributary to Rio da Madre , 27.920°S, 48.692°W; C.R.M. Feltrin and F.R. Colonetti, 10 July 2020.
GoogleMapsParatypes
UFRJ 6928, 10, 27.6–41.6 mm SL; UFRJ 6929, 4 (C&S), 29.7–38.4 mm SL; CICCAA 02658, 5, 29.7–37.0 mm SL; collected with holotype.
Diagnosis
Listrura gyrinura is distinguished from all congeners, except L. depinnai and L. urussanga , by having a deep caudal peduncle,deeper than the preanal region of the body, as the result of an expanded skin fold involving procurrent caudal-fin rays (vs caudal peduncle slender, its depth about equal to preanal depth). Listrura gyrinura is distinguished from L. depinnai and L. urussanga by having more vertebrae (51 or 52 vs 45 or 46 in L. depinnai and 48 or 49 in L. urussanga ), absence of a process on the dorsal surface of the autopalatine articular facet for the mesethmoid (vs presence),and by the mesethmoid cornu being slightly posteriorly folded (vs straight). Listrura gyrinura also differs from L. depinnai by the presence of a dorsal fin (vs absence), and from L. urussanga by having the dorsal-fin origin at a vertical between the centra of the 31st to 33rd vertebrae (vs between centra of the 29th and 30th vertebrae), anal-fin origin at a vertical between the centra of the 32nd and 33rd vertebrae (vs between the centra of the 30th and 31st vertebrae), absence of a ventral projection on the hyomandibula articular facet for the opercle (vs presence), and a shorter parhypural posterior process, its length about half or slightly less of the length between the anterior margin of the parurohyal head and the proximal limit of the posterior process (vs about equal to that length). Listrura gyrinura is also distinguished from L. boticario and L. camposae by having more ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays (31–36, vs 28 in L. boticario and 26–28 in L. camposae ).
Description
Morphometric data appear in Table 1 View Table 1 . Body slender, subcylindrical anteriorly, compressed posteriorly. Greatest body depth approximately at middle region of caudal peduncle. Dorsal and ventral profiles slightly convex, slightly expanded on caudal peduncle. Skin papillae minute. Anus and urogenital papilla slightly anterior to anal fin base. Head trapezoidal in dorsal view. Anterior profile of head straight in dorsal view. Eye small, dorsally positioned in head, just anterior to midway between snout and posterior limit of head. Posterior nostril located nearer to orbit than to anterior nostril. Barbels long, reaching basal portion of first pectoral-fin ray. Mouth subterminal. Jaw teeth pointed, arranged in two rows; total premaxillary teeth 18–23, outer row 7–10, inner row 11–13; total dentary teeth 15–18, outer row 6–7, inner row 7–11. Branchial membrane attached to isthmus only at its anterior point. Branchiostegal rays 5–7.
Dorsal and anal fins minute; total dorsal-fin rays 6–8 (i–ii + V–VI), total anal-fin rays 8 (ii–iii + 5–6); dorsal-fin origin at vertical slightly posterior to anal-fin base, between centra of 31st to 33rd vertebrae; anal-fin origin at vertical through centrum of 32nd or 33rd vertebra. Pectoral fin narrow, total pectoral-fin rays 3 (III), first ray well developed, second and third rays rudimentary, second ray half first ray length or less, third ray slightly shorter than second ray. Pelvic fin and girdle absent. Caudal fin spatula-shaped, narrowing posteriorly; dorsal and ventral procurrent rays anteriorly extending to area close to dorsal- and anal-fin base, respectively; total principal caudal-fin rays 12 or 13 (I–II + 7–9 + II–III), total dorsal procurrent rays 33–38 (xxxii–xxxvii + I–II), total ventral procurrent rays 31–36 (xxx–xxxiv + I–III). Vertebrae 51–52. Ribs 2 or 3. Single dorsal hypural plate, corresponding to hypurals 3–5; single ventral hypural plate corresponding to hypurals 1–2 and parhypural.
Latero-sensory system
Cephalic sensory canal minute, restricted to short postorbital canal with 2 pores just above opercular patch of odontodes, connected to short lateral line of body, with 1 pore just posterior to pectoral-fin base.
Osteology ( Figure 3a–c View Figure 3 )
Mesethmoid thin, posteriorly widening, with distinctive lateral expansion; cornu narrow and slightly posteriorly folded. Antorbital pentagonal; sesamoid supraorbital minute. Premaxilla sub-triangular in dorsal view, with narrow lateral extremity. Maxilla moderate in length, slightly longer than premaxilla length. Autopalatine sub-rectangular in dorsal view, compact, lateral and medial margins slightly concave; autopalatine posterolateral process minute, with narrow process dorso-medially directed; articular facet for mesethmoid wide, without distinctive dorsal process. Metapterygoid minute. Quadrate slender, dorsal process narrow, without posterior outgrowth. Hyomandibula long, with anterior outgrowth anteriorly terminating in sharp tip; articular facet for opercle robust, without distinctive ventral expansion. Opercle slender, transverse length of odontode patch about three quarters of transverse length of interopercular odontode patch; interopercle compact, with minute postero-dorsal process; opercular odontodes 5–7, interopercular odontodes 8–10; odontodes pointed, nearly straight. Preopercle narrow and long. Parurohyal slender, lateral process narrow and pointed, latero-posteriorly directed; parurohyal head small, with prominent anterolateral paired process; middle foramen small and rounded; posterior process short, its length about half or slightly less of length between anterior margin of parurohyal head and proximal limit of posterior process.
Colouration in alcohol
Dorsum and dorsal portion of flank and head light brownish grey, with brown chromatophores irregularly arranged, often forming small irregularly shaped spots, darker on flank longitudinal midline; on head, brown chromatophores extending over base of barbels; unpigmented area below orbit. Venter and ventral portion of flank and head greyish white, often with brown chromatophores irregularly arranged on posterior region of flank, sometimes a few brown chromatophores on ventral portion of head and venter. Fins hyaline with brown chromatophores forming minute spots.
Distribution, habitat and conservation
Listrura gyrinura is only known from the type locality, a clear-water stream tributary to the Rio da Madre, a small isolated coastal river basin ( Figure 4 View Figure 4 ). It was found close to the leaf litter over gravel sediment on the stream bottom ( Figure 5a View Figure 5 ). The habitat of this species may be considered highly endangered by mining activities that use explosives. About 100 m below the type locality, the stream is highly impacted by both mining sediments and rice planting.
Etymology
From the Greek gyrinus (tadpole) and ura (tail), referring to the shape of the caudal fin and caudal peduncle of the new species, similar to that occurring in tadpoles.

==========================

A new species of mailed catfish of genus Rhadinoloricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from Rio Negro basin, BrazilJefferson L. Crispim-Rodrigues, Maxwell J. Bernt, Brandon T. Waltz, Gabriel S. C. Silva, Ricardo C. Benine, Claudio Oliveira, Raphaël Covain, Fábio F. Roxo
First published: 11 May 2023
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15402urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6DF2C3BD-F256-4530-9620-482D87E980F8.

Read the full text
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractDuring a recent collection expedition to the Rio Negro, in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, eight individuals of an unknown species were collected, with a combination of characteristics that placed the species in the genus Rhadinoloricaria. Furthermore, the presence of two autapomorphic characteristics, including numerous elongated papillae on the lower lip and unbranched barbelets on the margin of lower lip, suggests that it is a new species. From morphological and phylogenetic analyses, including the sequencing of specific genes to calculate the maximum likelihood analyses, coupled with osteological computed tomography (CT) scan analyses, the authors corroborated that the specimens represent a new species of Rhadinoloricaria, described in the present study.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5278.1.4
PUBLISHED: 2023-05-04

Okamejei picta sp. nov., a new rajid skate from the South China Sea (Rajiformes: Rajidae)

• SHING-LAI NG+
• HSUAN-CHING HO+
• SHOOU-JENG JOUNG+
• KWANG-MING LIU+

PISCESCHONDRICHTHYESRAJIFORMESGENUS OKAMEJEITAXONOMYBIODIVERSITY

• PDF(12M)

AbstractA new species of Okamejei is described based on two adult males collected from deep waters in the South China Sea. The new species, Okamejei picta sp. nov., is readily distinguished from most other congeners in having densely scattered black spots on dorsal disc. Okamejei hollandi and O. mengae is quite similar to the new species by their spot patterns on dorsal disc, but the new species differs from the former by a combination of characters: a yellowish brown dorsal surface densely covered with small, circular to irregular-shaped black spots; blotches on dorsal disc indistinct; posterior ocellus absent; ventral disc white; disc length 45.0–47.7% TL; distance between cloaca to caudal-fin tip 53.6–55.1% TL; trunk centra 31; total basal radials 73–76, morphology of clasper terminal skeleton, and lacking component funnel at the clasper end.

==========================

Corydoras maclurei • A New Species of Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Madre de Dios Basin, Peruvian Amazon, with Comments on Corydoras aeneus Identity




Corydoras maclurei
Tencatt, de Carvalho Gomes & Evers, 2023

DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0023 

Abstract
A new species of Corydoras is described from tributaries to the rio Araza, an affluent of the rio Inambari, itself a tributary to the rio Madre de Dios, rio Madeira basin in the Peruvian Amazon. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the following features: (I) absence of contact between the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital and the nuchal plate, (II) a single, large conspicuous dark brown or black blotch on anterodorsal portion of flank; blotch somewhat rounded to roughly diamond shaped, and (III) absence of dark blotches on fins. General comments on the identity of Corydoras aeneus are also provided.

Keywords: Corydoradinae; Corydoras sp. CW16; Osteology; Rio Madeira basin; Taxonomy


Corydoras maclurei, holotype, MUSM 70671, 37.0 mm SL,
Camanti District, Quispicanchi Province, Cusco Region, Peru, small stream tributary to the rio Araza, a bigger affluent of the rio Inambari, itself a tributary to the rio Madre de Dios, rio Madeira basin.

Uncatalogued aquarium specimens of Corydoras maclurei (not measured) showing variations of the color pattern in life:
specimens can variably present greyish orange (A) or reddish orange (B) ground color of body. In C, the detail of a conspicuously reddish orange dorsal fin. Anterior portion of first dorsolateral body plate typically with orange (D) or yellow (E) bright patch. Photographs (D) and (E) by Ian Fuller.

Uncatalogued aquarium specimen of Corydoras maclurei (A) showing its typical color pattern in life (lateral view),
collected in its type-locality (B), a small stream tributary to the rio Araza, rio Madre de Dios basin, rio Madeira basin in Peru.

Corydoras maclurei, new species

Diagnosis. Corydoras maclurei can be distinguished from its congeners, except for C. difluviatilis Britto & Castro, 2002, C. flaveolus Ihering, 1911, C. gladysae, C. gracilis Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1976, C. hastatus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888, C. hephaestus Ohara, Tencatt & Britto, 2016, C. latus, C. melanotaenia Regan, 1912, C. micracanthus Regan, 1912, C. nanus, C. petracinii, C pygmaeus Knaack, 1966, and C. undulatus Regan, 1912, by the absence of contact between the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital and the nuchal plate (vs. bones in contact). The new species can be distinguished from C. difluviatilis, C. flaveolus, C. gladysae, C. gracilis, C. hastatus, C. hephaestus, C. latus, C. melanotaenia, C. micracanthus, C. nanus, C. petracinii, C pygmaeus, and C. undulatus by having just a single, large conspicuous dark brown or black blotch on anterodorsal portion of flank; ...

Etymology: Corydoras maclurei is named in honor of Robert “Rob” McLure, dear friend and renowned Corydoradinae breeder. Rob has been the main English-language reviewer of the first author’s publications, in addition to providing valuable information and live photos of several species of Corydoradinae. A genitive noun.


Luiz Fernando Caserta Tencatt, Vandergleison de Carvalho Gomes and Hans-Georg Evers. 2023. A New Species of Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Madre de Dios Basin, Peruvian Amazon, with Comments on Corydoras aeneus Identity.  Neotrop. ichthyol. 21 (2); DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0023 

======================= ===

A new species of barred Sternopygus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Orinoco RiverKevin T. Torgersen1 , Aleidy M. Galindo-Cuervo2, Roberto E. Reis2 and James S. Albert1
PDF: EN    XML: EN | Cite this article
Abstract​

• EN
• ES

A new species of Sternopygus is described from the Orinoco River of Venezuela using traditional methods of morphometrics and meristics, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging for osteological analysis. The new species is readily separated from all congeners in having broad, vertical pigment bars that extend from the mid-dorsum to the ventral margin of the pterygiophores. A similar color pattern, characterized by subtle differences in the densities and sizes of chromatophores, is also present in juveniles of S. obtusirostris from the Amazon River, juveniles of S. sabaji from rivers of the Guiana Shield, and S. astrabes from clearwater and blackwater terra firme streams of lowlands around the Guiana Shield. The new species further differs from other congeners in the Orinoco basin by having a reduced humeral pigment blotch with poorly defined margins, a proportionally smaller head, a longer body cavity, a more slender body shape in lateral profile, and in having vertical pigment bars that extend ventrally to the pterygiophores (vs. pigment saddles not reaching the pterygiophores). The description of this species raises to three the number of Sternopygus species in the Orinoco basin, and to 11 the total number of Sternopygus species.
Keywords: Biodiversity, Computed tomography, Knifefish, Morphometrics, Taxonomy.
Introduction​
With more than 1,000 described fish species, the Orinoco basin is one of the world’s hotspots of freshwater fish biodiversity (Lasso et al., 2004, 2011, 2016; Albert et al., 2011, 2020). Gymnotiform electric fishes (also called knifefishes) are an important component of the taxonomic and functional diversity of the Orinoco fauna (Lundberg et al., 1987; Albert, Crampton, 2005). Taxonomic knowledge of gymnotiform diversity in the Orinoco River has increased dramatically since the 1980s (e.g., Mago-Leccia, Zaret, 1978; Mago-Leccia et al., 1985, 1994; Lundberg, Stager, 1985; Lundberg, Mago-Leccia, 1986; de Santana, Crampton, 2011; Crampton et al., 2016). The results of these and other studies have more than tripled the number of described gymnotiform species known from the Orinoco basin from 20 to 65 over a period of 35 years (Machado-Allison, 1987; Maldonado-Ocampo, Albert, 2003; Van der Sleen, Albert, 2017; Peixoto, Waltz, 2017). These recent advances in our knowledge of gymnotiform species richness and species limits have improved our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes (Marrero, Winemiller, 1993; Barbarino Duque, Winemiller, 2003; Winemiller, 2004; Lovejoy et al., 2010).
“Longtail electric fishes” of the genus Sternopygus Müller & Troschel, 1846 are widely distributed across the lowland river basins (<250 m elevation) of the humid Neotropics, from northern Argentina to Panama (Hulen et al., 2005; Waltz, Albert, 2017). Currently, 10 Sternopygus species are recognized as valid (Tab. 1; Hulen et al., 2005; Torgersen, Albert, 2022). However, differences in morphology (Albert, Fink, 1996), karyotypes (Santos Silva et al., 2008), and gene sequences (Maldonado-Ocampo, 2011) indicate that museum collections contain additional undescribed species. Only two Sternopygus species are known from the Orinoco basin: S. macrurus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (type locality unknown but in “Brazil”), and S. astrabes Mago-Leccia, 1994, which was described from a clearwater tributary of the upper Orinoco River. Sternopygus macrurus exhibits the broadest geographic distribution of all nominal gymnotiform species, with specimens ascribed to this species recorded from Pacific slope basins of Colombia to the Pampas of Argentina (Eigenmann, Ward, 1905; Eigenmann, Allen, 1942; Albert, Fink, 1996). Sternopygus macrurus is also thought to be among the most ecologically tolerant of all gymnotiform species, inhabiting water bodies of varying water chemistry (clearwater, blackwater, whitewater) and flow (riffles and runs) in lowland forests, seasonal floodplains, and even estuarine environments (Crampton, 1996, 1998a,b; Fernandes, 1999; Marceniuk et al., 2017). Due to its widespread distribution, unknown type locality, and conserved morphology, S. macrurus has long been a “wastebasket” taxon into which many specimens in museum collections have been ascribed.
TABLE 1 | Summary of all valid species of Sternopygus with information regarding primary type specimens and locality drainage for each species. Country of collection of primary types given in parenthesis.
Species
Holotype
Type drainage (Country)

Sternopygus aequilabiatus (Humboldt, 1805)
Whereabouts unknown
Magdalena (Colombia)

Sternopygus arenatus Eydoux & Souleyet, 1841
MNHN 0000-3809 (2 syntypes)
Guayaquil (Ecuador)

Sternopygus astrabes Mago-Leccia, 1994
MBUCV-V-14182
Orinoco (Venezuela)

Sternopygus branco Crampton, Hulen & Albert, 2004
MCP 32451
Amazonas (Brazil)

Sternopygus dariensis Meek & Hildebrand, 1913
FMNH 8949
Tuira (Panama)

Sternopygus macrurus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
ZMB 8701 (syntype, stuffed)
Unknown (Brazil)

Sternopygus obtusirostris Steindachner, 1881
MCZ 9413 (lectotype)
Amazonas (Brazil)

Sternopygus pejeraton Schultz, 1949
USNM 121752
Maracaibo (Venezuela)

Sternopygus sabaji Torgersen & Albert, 2022
ANSP 208090
Maroni (Suriname)

Sternopygus n. sp. (in this study)
ANSP 209718
Orinoco (Venezuela)

Sternopygus xingu Albert & Fink, 1996
MZUSP 48374
Xingu (Brazil)

 

Fishes ascribed to Sternopygus can be diagnosed from all other sternopygids by the following characters: (1) relatively larger gape (Mago-Leccia, 1978); (2) large branchial opening (Mago-Leccia, 1978); (3) long, evenly curved maxilla; (4) anterior process of maxilla extends as a narrow hook-like process (Lundberg, Mago-Leccia, 1986); (5) dorsal portion of ventral ethmoid elongate (Albert, Fink, 1996); (6) post-temporal fossa present between pterotic and epioccipital bones (Lundberg, Mago-Leccia, 1986); (7) gill rakers composed of three bony elements, the middle one with 3–10 small teeth (Mago-Leccia, 1978); (8) gill rakers not attached to branchial arches (Albert, Fink, 1996); (9) gap between parapophyses of second vertebra; (10) unossified post cleithrum (Albert, Fink, 1996); (11) long body cavity, with 18–30 precaudal vertebrae (Albert, Fink, 1996); (12) long anal fin with 170–340 rays, (13) unbranched anal-fin rays (Fink, Fink, 1981); (14) developmental origin of adult electric organ from both hypaxial and epaxial muscles (Unguez, Zakon, 1998; Albert, 2001); (15) absence of jamming avoidance response (Heiligenberg, 1991; Albert, 2001); (16) presence of a ‘medial cephalic fold’ (Triques, 2000), defined as a ridge of ectodermal tissue extending from the ventral limit of the opercular opening anteromedially to the branchial isthmus. Most Sternopygus species attain medium to large body sizes (40–50 cm Total Length (TL)), except the more diminutive S. astrabes which grows to about 20 cm TL. Most Sternopygus species are nocturnal predators of small animals (e.g., insect larvae, crustaceans) and occur in multiple habitats, including small streams, river margins, and deep river channels(Crampton et al., 2004a; Crampton, 2007, 2011; Brejão et al., 2013).
Most Sternopygus species share a similar color pattern with a base color composed of small, densely arranged gray chromatophores. Some species have a dark humeral blotch with variable contrast to the background coloration, and a distinctive yellow or white longitudinal stripe extending between the hypaxial and pterygiophore muscles on the posterior third of the body. These aspects of coloration are variable within and among nominal species and are sometimes absent, with some specimens ranging in color from deep black to pinkish white. At least three valid Sternopygus species possess a distinctive color pattern composed of 1–4 broad, dark vertical bars or saddles across the dorsal midline at some stage in their ontogeny: S. astrabes, S. obtusirostris Steindachner, 1881, S. sabaji Torgersen & Albert, 2022 (Fig. 1; Mago-Leccia, 1994; Crampton et al., 2004b; Torgersen, Albert, 2022). The monophyly, species limits, variation, and species richness of species with broad vertical pigment bars or saddles remains poorly understood and these topics are not addressed here.

FIGURE 1 | Four species of barred Sternopygus. A. Sternopygus astrabes, ANSP 162663 (189 mm TL); B. Sternopygus n. sp., ANSP 160357 (284 mm TL, paratype); C. Juvenile Sternopygus sabaji, ANSP 189018 (146 mm TL); D. Juvenile Sternopygus obtusirostris, INPA 15787 (180 mm TL), photo taken at night from Crampton et al. (2004b). Dark outlines added to bars/saddles in all photos for emphasis. Scale bars = 1 cm.
Here we describe a new species of barred Sternopygus from the lower Orinoco basin of Venezuela, bringingthe total number of species in the genus to 11, the number of species known in the Orinoco basin to three, the number of species in the Guiana Shield region to four, and the number of Sternopygus species possessing dark vertical bars to four.


==========================

Original Article • Neotrop. ichthyol. 21 (1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0097   COPYOriginal Article • Neotrop. ichthyol. 21 (1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0097   COPY

New species of Farlowella (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Tapajós basin, Pará, Brazil

Manuela DopazoWolmar B. WosiackiMarcelo R. BrittoABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  Resumo
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Edited-by
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractA new species of stick-catfish Farlowella is described from streams of the lower rio Tapajós drainage, in Pará State, northern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by a naked gular region (vs. gular region with plates) and from most congeners by the presence of five lateral series of plate rows on anterior region of body (vs. four). The new species shows variation in the series of abdominal plates and a discussion on the variation of abdominal plates within Farlowella is made and comments on synapomorphic characters in Farlowellini.
Keywords:
Amazon; Armored catfish; Biodiversity; Loricariinae; Taxonomy
ResumoUma nova espécie de cascudo-graveto Farlowella é descrita de pequenos igarapés do baixo rio Tapajós, no Estado do Pará, norte do Brasil. A nova espécie é distinta de todas as suas congêneres por uma região gular nua (vs. região gular com placas) e de muitas congêneres pela presença de cinco fileiras de placas laterais na região anterior do corpo (vs. quatro). A nova espécie apresenta variação na série de placas abdominais e é feita uma discussão sobre a variação das placas abdominais dentro de Farlowella e comentários sobre caracteres sinapomórficos em Farlowellini.
Palavras-chave:
Amazônia; Biodiversidade; Cascudo; Loricariinae; Taxonomia
INTRODUCTIONThe genus FarlowellaEigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 is a component of the freshwater fish fauna of the Neotropics. With 32 valid species, Farlowella is the second-most species-rich genus of Loricariinae, a sub-family comprised of 262 valid species in 31 genera (Delgadillo et al., 2021; Londoño-Burbano, Reis, 2021; Fricke et al., 2023). Farlowella representatives are widely distributed in the main cis-Andean South America river drainages and trans-Andean Maracaibo and Magdalena river basins (Terán et al., 2019). They are easily distinguished by having a pronounced rostrum, a thin, elongated, brown body with two longitudinal bands that extend from the tip of the rostrum to the caudal peduncle (Covain, Fisch-Muller, 2007), resembling dry twigs or sticks, which justifies the popular name stick catfishes.
The first taxonomic study was the description of the genus Acestra by Kner, (1853), with the first species described: Acestra acus and A. oxyrryncha, but without designating the type species of the genus, until A. acus was determined by Bleeker, (1862). However, Acestra was already occupied in Hemiptera (Dallas, 1852) and the name Farlowella was then replaced by Eigenmann, Eigenmann, (1889). From the end of the 19th century, several species were described, totaling 37 names that remained for almost a century, when Retzer, Page (1996) revised the genus based on characters of external morphology. This was the last revision of its species, as well as the first exclusive hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships of the genus. In that study, the authors performed a phylogenetic analysis with morphological data including only one external group, Aposturisoma myriodon Isbrücker, Britski, Nijssen & Ortega, 1983 (= Farlowella myriodon), that was used to root the tree; the monophyly of the genus, and species relationships were not actually tested. The authors also proposed six species groups and six species were considered as incertae sedis.
Recently, Londoño-Burbano, Reis (2021), based on combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis, formally recognized Aposturisoma myriodon as a member of Farlowella to assign the monophyly of the genus. Although A. myriodon is phenotypically different from Farlowella, this configuration had already been recovered by Covain et al., (2016). Based on the review of Farlowella material deposited in different collections and on the examination of material collected in the river near the confluence with rio Tapajós, in its lower portion, we identified a new species of Farlowella, which is described herein.
MATERIAL AND METHODSMeasurements were taken point to point with digital calipers. Measurements are expressed as percents of the standard length (SL), except subunits of head, which are expressed as percents of the head length (HL). Measurements follow Boeseman, (1971), except measurement of distance from pectoral-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin that follow Retzer, Page (1996), plus minimum width of snout (minimum width at the tip of snout) (Fig. 1A), distance between cleithral processes (between the humeral processes of the cleithrum) (Fig. 1B) and maximum width of snout (maximum width in transverse line from the posterior edge of the ventral plate before mouth) (Fig. 1C). Counts and nomenclature of lateral plate series follow Ballen et al., (2016a). Osteological nomenclature follows Paixão, Toledo-Piza, (2009), except for parieto-supraoccipital instead of supraoccipital (Arratia, Gayet, 1995), pterotic-extraescapular instead of pterotic-supracleithrum (Slobodian, Pastana, 2018). Vertebral counts include only free centra, with the compound caudal centrum (preural 1+ ural 1) counted as a single element. Cleared and stained (cs) specimens were prepared according to the methods of Taylor, Van Dyke, (1985). Numbers in parentheses following meristic counts correspond to number of specimens having that count, and those indicated by an asterisk (*) belong to the holotype. Map was generated in the QGIS 3.14.16 program. Institutional abbreviations follow Sabaj, (2022). The estimated Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupation (AOO) of the species was calculated using the web portal of the Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool (GeoCAT: http://geocat.kew.org/) and the categories and criteria of conservation status of species followed IUCN (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee, 2022).




FIGURE 1 |
Additional measures used in this study. A. Minimum width of snout; B. Distance between cleithral processes; and C. Maximum width of snout.


RESULTSFarlowella wuyjugu, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FA22FB00-B26F-45C0-A121-2BD8FB00B523
(Figs. 2–3; Tab. 1)
Holotype. MPEG 26178, 143.4 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 27 Nov 2012, M. B. Mendonça.
Paratypes. All from Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, rio Arapiuns basin, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin. INPA 59894, 2, 124.8–128.9 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’37.3”W, 8 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MNRJ 53691, 2, 127.3–130.9 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894. MPEG 10062, 5, 112.0–121.6 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894, 3 Mar 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 12865, 5, 90.9–123.2 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894, 11 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag & A. Hercos. MPEG 15900, 12, 2 cs, 97.6–136.5 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894, 8 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 10857, 5, 111.7–128.2 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’52”S 55°54’10.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 32191, 4, 94.3–133.9 mm SL, same locality as MPEG 10857, 14 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 12684, 5, 1 cs, 122.8–144.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°50’13.8”W, 14 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag.
Non-types. All from Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, rio Arapiuns basin, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin. MPEG 10055, 4, 102.9–124.3 mm SL, MPEG 10062, 13, 70.0–109.7 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02º36’44.5”S 56º11’37.3”W, 3 Mar 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 10851, 1, 119.2 mm SL, MPEG 10852, 3, 79.5–116.1 mm SL, MPEG 10853, 1, 121.9 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10855, 4, 46.7–88.7 mm SL, MPEG 10856, 7, 54.2–108.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 17 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10857, 11, 65.1–145.8 mm SL, MPEG 10858, 2, 106.2–112.8 mm SL, MPEG 10859, 4, 64.4–128.3 mm SL, MPEG 10861, 1, 113.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10860, 1, 128.6 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 17 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10862, 3, 49.6–54.6 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10956, 1, 26.2 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 17 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 12491, 4, 18.6–45.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, 02°36’44.8”S 56°11’37.3”W, 9 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 12865, 4, 69.8–93.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02º36’44.5”S 56º11’37.3”W, 11 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag & A. Hercos. MPEG 13040, 2, 35.7–38.4 mm SL, MPEG 13043, 2, 20.6–30 mm SL, MPEG 13050, 2, 11.0–118.4 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13041, 1, 56.3 mm SL, MPEG 13044, 5, 56.8–93.2 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 12 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13042, 3, 48.1–45.5 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 14 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13045, 1, 92.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 14 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13046, 1, 101.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 15 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13048, 5, 50.2–80.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 11 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13731, 2, 63.9–69.4 mm SL, MPEG 14143, 7, 61.9–136.5 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 15 May 2007, A. Hercos. MPEG 14271, 1, 42.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 27 Nov 2007, A. Hercos. MPEG 14711, 13, 46.2–126.3 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 11 May 2007, A. Hercos. MPEG 15900, 8, 56.6–95.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’37.3”W, 8 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 16955, 1, 120.7 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’33.2”S 56°11’33.4”W, 19 Feb 2008, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 26172, 13, 71.8–129.8 mm SL, MPEG 26173, 4, 61.5–94.5 mm SL, MPEG 26333, 1, 86.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 28 Nov 2012, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26179,19, 43.5–156.4 mm SL, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 27 Nov 2012, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 29996, 2, 112.7–117.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 6 Dec 2013, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26997, 9, 100.5–129.9 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 7 Dec 2013, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26998, 1, 88.9 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’52”S 55°54’10.8”W, 11 Dec 2013, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26999, 5, 51.9–138.1 mm SL, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 12 Dec 2012, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32191, 4, 93.7–136.6 mm SL, MPEG 32192, 2, 55.6–115.1 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’52”S 55°54’10.8”W, 19 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32193, 15, 32.9–124.2 mm SL, MPEG 32194, 14, 61.4–127.3 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 22 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32195, 1, 135.1 mm SL, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 18 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32507, 72.4–113.1 mm S, MPEG 32508, 11, 49.0–116.5 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 20 Mar 2015, M. B. Mendonça.




FIGURE 2 |
Dorsal, lateral and ventral view of Farlowella wuyjugu, holotype, 143.4 mm SL, MPEG 26178, Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, igarapé Rio Branco, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin.


Diagnosis.Farlowella wuyjugu can be diagnosed from its congeners by lack of plates in gular region (vs. gular plates present) (Fig. 3). The new species can be distinguished from its congeners, except Farlowella altocorpus Retzer, 2006, F. azpelicuetae Terán, Ballen, Alonso, Aguilera & Mirande, 2019, F. gianetii Ballen, Pastana & Peixoto, 2016, F. gracilis Regan, 1904, F. guarani Delgadillo, Maldonado & Carvajal-Vallejos, 2021, F. hasemani Eigenmann & Vance, 1917, F. isbrueckeri Retzer & Page, 1997, F. jauruensis Eigenmann & Vance, 1917, F. myriodon, F. nattereri Steindachner, 1910, and F. odontotumulusRetzer & Page, 1997, by having five lateral series of plate rows on anterior region of body (vs. four). Additionally, F. wuyjugu differs from F. altocorpus and F. azpelicuatae by having a smaller body width at dorsal origin (4.3–5.5 vs. 6.4–8.1% SL); from F. gianetti by number of caudal-fin rays (i,11,i or i,12,i vs. i,10,i); from F. gracilis by having head triangular in dorsal view (vs. head square); from F. guarani by interorbital width (12.0–16.0 vs. 28.6–44% HL) and eye diameter (3.6–5.8 vs. 6.6–13.3% HL); from F. hasemani by all fin rays uniformly pigmented (vs. fin rays not pigmented); from F. isbruckeri and F. odontotumulus by having the ventromedian row of anterior plates keeled (vs. ventromedian row of anterior plates unkeeled); from F. jauruensis by having five branched pelvic-fin rays (vs. four branched pelvic-fin rays); from F. myriodon by having dark brown lateral stripe on each side of snout (vs. absence of such stripe, snout completely dark); and from F. nattereri by having a short pectoral fin, not reaching the pelvic-fin base (vs. long pectoral fin, reaching the pelvic-fin base).


 Thumbnail
TABLE 1 |
Morphometrics of Farlowella wuyjugu, new species. Values as percents of standard length (SL) and head length (HL) for holotype and 38 paratypes. n = number of specimens, SD = Standard deviation.
Description. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of holotype in Fig. 2. Morphometric and meristic data for holotype and paratypes summarized in Tab. 1. Body slender and very elongated, completely covered by dermal plates, except in gular portion. Head triangular and elongate in dorsal and ventral views. Rostrum slender and flat in ventral view. Orbit circular, dorsolaterally placed, visible in dorsal view and not visible in ventral view. Preorbital ridge present. Mouth ventral. Dorsal profile of head concave from snout tip to anterior margin of nares, relatively straight to convex from point to posterior margin of nares to posterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital and slightly concave to dorsal-fin origin. Posterior profile of margin of dorsal-fin origin slightly concave and straight profile to end of caudal peduncle. Ventral profile slightly straight from tip of snout to anal-fin origin, slightly concave in anal-fin base and straight profile to end of caudal peduncle.
Mouth ovoid, lower lip longer than upper lip; wide oval papillae on upper lip and round papillae on lower lip, decreasing in size from oral aperture to lip margin; lip margin papillose. Bicuspid slender teeth, each premaxilla with 22(2), 23*(1), 29(1), 31(1), 33(1), 36(1), 37(3), 39(1), 40(2), 41(1), 42(3), 43(2), 44(1), 46(3), 47(4), 48(4), 49(4), 51(2), 53(1) or 55(1) teeth and each dentary with 18*(3), 22(1), 23(1), 26(2), 28(1), 29(2), 30(2), 32(3), 33(3), 34(1), 35(4), 36(3), 37(1), 38(4), 39(2), 40(2), 41(1), 42(1) or 43(2) teeth; premaxilla larger than dentary. Two maxillary barbels small and projecting slightly from mouth margin.
Five lateral plate rows on body, with 31(6), 32*(30) or 33(3) dorsal plates; 6(1), 7*(5), 8(23) or 9(10) dorsomedian plates; 7(1), 8*(5), 9(20) or 10(13) median plates; 14*(7), 15(27) or 16(5) ventromedian plates; 35(3), 36(7), 37*(15), 38(9), 39(3) or 40(2) ventral plates; 5(14), 6*(18), 7(6) or 8(1) dorsomedian+median plates; 18(12), 19(20) or 20*(7) coalescent plates; 8*(39) predorsal plates; 23(6), 24*(30) or 25(3) postdorsal plates; 20(2), 21(14), 22*(21), 23(1) or 24(1) postanal plates; 2 plates at the base of caudal fin and one preanal plate. Abdomen covered with two lateral rows with 6(6), 7*(19), 8(11), 9(2), 11(1) lateral abdominal plates (left) and 6(10), 7*(14), 8(8) or 9(7) lateral abdominal plates (right), and one midabdominal incomplete (23)* row or when complete (16) row with 2(1), 3(2), 4*(2), 5(1), 6(5), 7(7), 8(7), 9(3), 10(3), 11(2), 12(3), 13(2) or 16(1) midabdominal plates.
Lateral line complete; reaching up to last caudal peduncle coalesced plate. Preopercular canal passing through infraorbital six with two pores. Terminal exit of parietal branch in frontal bone curved. Canal-bearing cheek plate in ventral position. Nasal slightly curved in anterior portion with pore opening laterally.
Pectoral-fin rays i,6*(39); posterior margin slightly concave; unbranched ray longest. Dorsal-fin rays i,6*(39); posterior margin straight to slightly concave; three* or four plates along its base; unbranched ray longest. Pelvic-fin rays i,5*(39); posterior margin straight; unbranched ray longest. Anal-fin rays i,5*(39); posterior margin straight to slightly concave; unbranched ray longest; three* or four plates along its base. Caudal-fin rays i,11,i(2) or i,12,i*(37); posterior margin deeply concave; dorsal and ventral lobes similar in size; filaments on upper and lower unbranched rays. All fin rays with odontodes; more developed odontodes on unbranched first ray.
Mesethmoid long; lateral expansion of anterior portion absent; mesethmoid ventral posterior process present. Nasal rectangular irregular bone curved laterally. Frontal wide, occluded from dorsal border of orbit. Orbit anteriorly delimited by dermal plate, dorsally by frontal bone, dorsolaterally by sphenotic, and ventrally by infraorbital series. Sphenotic quadrate in shape, contacting frontal bone anterolaterally, parieto-supraoccipital dorsally, infraorbital six ventrally, and pterotic-extrascapular posteriorly. Pterotic-extrascapular with large perforations. Parieto-supraoccipital wide and oval, contacting first predorsal plate posteriorly. Anterior contact of hyomandibula with metapterygoid and quadrate, and ventral with preopercle. Symphyseal cartilage between quadrate and hyomandibula. Anterior margin of quadrate articulation with anguloarticular. Dentary almost twice the size of anguloarticular. Autopalatine irregular, rod-like shape. Anterior margin of autopalatine articulation with maxilla and posterior contact posteriorly with vomer and metapterygoid. Preopercle long and partially exposed; anterior process reaching at least half of quadrate length. Suspensorium rectangular in overall shape. Three branchiostegal rays. Hypohyal anterior border straight, without anterior projection. Urohyal triangular and posterior margin rounded, with medial foramen. Anterohyal and posterohyal partially separated by cartilage. Anterior margin of anterohyal greatly expanded. Basibranchial 2, 3 and 4 present; basibranchial 2 and 3 elongated; basibranchial 2 equal to basibranchial 3; basibranchial 2 and 3 ossified and basibranchial 4 cartilaginous. Two hypobranchials; hypobranchial 1 ossified and hypobranchial 2 cartilaginous. Four epibranchials with similar size. Five ceratobranchials; ceratobranchial 1 with accessory flange; ceratobranchial 5 triangular; ceratobranchial teeth restricted to mesial area of plate. Upper pharyngeal plate club-shaped, completely covered with fine teeth. Vertebral count 39(1) and 40(1); five thin pleural ribs directly attached to centra 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12(1) and four thin pleural ribs directly attached to centra 9, 10, 11 and 12(1); parapophysis of complex vertebra well developed (two specimens).




FIGURE 3 |
Gular region and variation of abdominal plates in specimens, ventral view of Farlowella wuyjugu. A. MPEG 26178, 143.4 mm SL; B. INPA 59894, 128.9 mm SL; C. MPEG 12684, 125 mm SL.


Coloration in alcohol. Ground color of dorsum and head pale or dark brown. Light brown color with diffuse and scattered dark brown spots on predorsal portion, from tip of parieto-supraoccipital and extending to all plates. Five to six rounded spots between the second and third infraorbital, extending to opercle. One dark brown lateral stripe on each side, that runs from snout to caudal peduncle. Ventral portion of head brown; yellow between lower lip and anterior portion of anal fin. Dorsal profile in posterior portion of anal fin light brown with diffuse and scattered dark brown spots along the plates, same to dorsal portion, more delimited in some individuals. Upper lip with scattered chromatophores. Pectoral, dorsal, pelvic, and anal fin rays with hyaline membranes and pigmented brown rays, sometimes forming dark bands. First rays markedly dark. Caudal fin almost completely dark brown, membranes and rays pigmented, in some individuals with area of hyaline membrane (Fig. 4).




FIGURE 4 |
Caudal fin coloration of Farlowella wuyjugu. MPEG 31191, 119.9 mm SL.


Geographical distribution.Farlowella wuyjugu is known only from small, forest creeks near Juruti, Pará State, tributaries of rio Arapiuns, rio Tapajós in its lower portion, rio Amazon basin, Brazil (Fig. 5).




FIGURE 5 |
Geographic distribution of Farlowella wuyjugu in lower rio Tapajós. Star = holotype; circles = paratypes localities.


Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the combination of the words Wuy jugu, which is the self-denomination of indigenous people known in Brazil as Munduruku. This ethnic group is part of the Tupi trunk and they are located in different regions and territories in the states of Pará, Amazonas, and Mato Grosso. In the region of the lower Tapajós River, in recent years some communities in the process of their ethnic identity have recognized themselves as Munduruku (Ramos, 2022). A noun in apposittion.
Conservation status.Farlowella wuyjugu is known from four collection stations [igarapé Rio Branco (Fig. 6), igarapé Mutum, and igarapé São Francisco] in Juruti municipality, Pará State, Brazil. Using the GeoCAT we calculate the extent of occurrence (EOO) of the species in 4,921 km2, suggesting a threatened category of Endangered (EN). Farlowella wuyjugu is sampled in few localities in the Juruti municipality, impacted by a large bauxite extraction project, deteriorating their habitats. Following the recommendations by the IUCN (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee, 2022), F. wuyjugu should be categorized as Nearly Threatened (NT), following criterions B2:EN (EOO < 5,000 km2), b(iii) (decline of quality of habitat by bauxite extraction).




FIGURE 6 |
Igarapé Rio Branco, type-locality of Farlowella wuyjugu.


Variation of abdominal plates within Farlowellawuyjugu. Abdominal plates are usually termed as lateral abdominal plates, which are transversely elongated plates between the pectoral-fin axilla and the pelvic-fin insertion, and midabdominal plates, which cover the abdomen between the lateral ones (Londoño-Burbano, Reis, 2021). The midabdominal plates, in Farlowella, can be absent or present and when present can be incomplete or complete. Ballen et al., (2016b) described Falowella mitoupiboBallen, Urbano-Bonilla & Zamudio, 2016 and proposed as diagnostic for the species an incomplete median disjunct row of abdominal plates, divided at the center by plates belonging to the lateral rows of abdominal plates (vs. two or three complete rows of abdominal plates or an incomplete median row of one or two plates anteriorly that never reach to the level of the prepelvic plate). Although the authors proposed this character as a diagnosis for the species, in recent examinations of the type material of F. mitoupibo, it was possible to observe two completes rows of abdominal plates in one specimen (M. Dopazo, pers. obs.). Farlowella wuyjugu have midabdominal plates and can be an incomplete or complete midabdominal series (Fig. 3). An incomplete midabdominal series can be a disjunct row as described for F. mitoupibo or an incomplete median row of plates anteriorly that do not reach to the level of the prepelvic plate (Figs. 3A, B). Retzer, Page (1996) proposed the number of rows of abdominal plates as a diagnostic character to differentiate species group of Farlowella: two rows (F. acus (Kner, 1853) group and F. amazonumGünther, 1864 group) and three rows (F. curtirostra Myers, 1942 group, F. mariaelene Martín Salazar, 1964 group, F. nattereri group, F. knerii (Steindachner, 1882) group and unassigned species group). Although Retzer, Page (1996) proposed the number of rows of abdominal plates as a diagnostic character to differentiate species groups of Farlowella, both states were found in F. wuyjugu and F. mitoupibo, rendering that character not be useful to differentiate groups because they are variable within Farlowella species. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus (including the species described here) is being carried out and aims to test if these characters (proposed by Retzer, Page, 1996) are in fact phylogenetically informative.
DISCUSSIONLondoño-Burbano, Reis (2021) recovered the tribe Farlowellini Fowler, 1958 including five genera, Lamontichthys Miranda Ribeiro, 1939, Pterosturisoma Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1978, Sturisoma Swainson, 1838, Sturisomatichthys Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 and Farlowella Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889. The authors defined two exclusive synapomorphies for the tribe: (1) nuchal plate articulated to lateral plates (char 175) and (2) the presence of gular plates (char 179). According to Londoño-Burbano, Reis (2021), gular plates are large, polygonal dermal plates covering the ventral surface of the head behind the lower lip. Character 175 was observed in F. wuyjugu, however, character 179 is not applicable to the new species because of the lack of gular plates. Almost twenty years after the publication of the study by Retzer, Page (1996). Farlowella was proposed as a monophyletic group by Londoño-Burbano, Reis (2021) with 11 morphological and 38 molecular synapomorphies. Of the eleven morphological synapomorphies, four were considered exclusive for the genus: (1) number of branchiostegal rays fewer than four (char 109); (2) straight and upright lamina on neural spine on the sixth vertebra for articulation with ventral surface of parieto-supraoccipital (char 114); (3) absence of pleural rib associated to the seventh vertebra (char 117); (4) short anteriormost paraneural spines (char 129). These character states were all observed in F. wuyjugu supporting the species as a member of the genus. Despite the high number of morphological characters and the number of terminals used in the analysis by the authors, there are many high homoplastic characters and not useful for a diagnosis at the species level.
Other Farlowella species are also identified for the rio Tapajós basin (F. gr. amazonum, F. cf. oxyrryncha, F. schreitmuelleri Arnold, 1936, and F. sp.; M. Dopazo, pers. obs.). Species with type locality in or near the region are F. amazonum (Santarém, Pará State), F. gladiolusGünther, 1864 (rio Cupari, rio Tapajós basin, Amazon River drainage, Pará State), and F. schreitmuelleri (lower Amazon River basin, Santarém, Pará State), but they differ from F. wuyjugu mainly by the number of lateral series of plate rows on anterior region of body (four vs. five). Farlowella amazonum and F. gladiolus were described in the same work by Günther, (1864). In the review of the genus by Retzer, Page (1996), F. gladiolus was placed in the synonymy with F. amazonum, however, Covain et al., (2016) recognized the former as a valid species. There are several taxonomic issues regarding the validity of Farlowella species and their delimitation. These questions are being addressed in an ongoing taxonomic review (by MD and MRB) of the genus. Our description of F. wuyjugu contributes to the knowledge of the rio Arapiuns and to the understanding of the ichthyofauna of the rio Tapajós basin.
Comparative material examined.Farlowella acus: Colombia: MPUJ 2834, 1, 183.6 mm SL; MPUJ 2842, 1, 133.3 mm SL; MPUJ 2955, 1, 50.1 mm SL: MPUJ 7320,1 124.1 mm SL; MPUJ 9287, 1, 122.5 mm SL; MPUJ 10915, 1, 116.9 mm SL; MPUJ 11158, 1, 130.4 mm SL; MPUJ 13270, 1, 38.6 mm SL: MPUJ 16876, 1, 76 mm SL; Venezuela: ANSP 130038, 20, 90.6–149.7 mm SL; MZUSP 147, 2, 108.4–123.8 mm SL; Farlowella cf. altocorpus: Brazil: INPA 3034, 49, 64.2–155.6 mm SL; INPA 3035, 16, 58–148.6 mm SL; Farlowella amazonum: Brazil: LIA 7233, 1, 84.7 mm SL; LIA 7235, 64.8–198.5 mm SL; LIA 7236, 4, 69.2–92,5 mm SL; LBP 4344, 1, 82.9 mm SL; LBP 10860, 3, 111.0–144.7 mm SL; LBP 11118, 1, 132.2 mm SL; LBP 12117, 5, 47.4–147.2 mm SL; LBP 15179, 1, 82.9 mm SL; LBP 17994, 3, 70.7–121.81 mm SL; LBP 20432, 1, 110.1 mm SL; LBP 20964, 2, 67.5–113.1 mm SL; LBP 21208, 4, 69.5–121.7 mm SL; LBP 21230, 1, 142.1 mm SL; LBP 22348, 13, 54.9–203.6 mm SL; LBP 22488, 1, 169.2 mm SL; MCP 44240, 6, 163.8–190.7 mm SL; MCP 50059, 83.6–176.4 mm SL; MNRJ 762, 3, 130.1–161.2 mm SL; MNRJ 35534, 15, 79.9–166.1 mm SL, 3 cs; MNRJ 35535, 3, 176.3–161.3 mm SL; MNRJ 35536, 2, 76.3–176.8 mm SL; MNRJ 35537, 2, 99.7–179.9 mm SL; MNRJ 39040, 8, 52.1–73.7 mm SL; MNRJ 39249, 1, 66.6 mm SL; MNRJ 39270, 6, 34.4–66.8 mm SL; MPEG 3072, 2, 71,7–146.2 mm SL; MPEG 9008, 4, 147–182.3 mm SL; MPEG 13290, 5, 157.9–180.3 mm SL; MPEG 17077, 1, 50.8 mm SL; MPEG 19827, 1, 182.2 mm SL; MPEG 19945, 1, 123.8 mm SL; MPEG 23942, 2, 139–175.4 mm SL; MPEG 23726, 2, 166.4–172.5 mm SL; MPEG 24470, 1, 129.2 mm SL; MPEG 24471, 2, 166.3–74 mm SL; MPEG 30598, 5, 118.3–151.1 mm SL; MPEG 30931, 1, 104.2 mm SL; MPEG 30936, 1, 109.7 mm SL; MZUSP 23416, 5, 35.9–139.2 mm SL; MZUSP 27717, 1, 115.8 mm SL; MZUSP 121244, 1, 207.0 mm SL; UFRGS 21710, 1, 80.5 mm SL; Peru: ANSP 191818, 2, 172.7–179.6 mm SL; ANSP 199910, 1, 146.1 mm SL; Farlowella azpelicuetae: Argentina: MZUSP 123935, paratype, 80.8 mm SL; MZUSP 123936, 2, paratypes, 79.8–165.9 mm SL; Farlowella gianetti: Brazil: MZUSP 95564, holotype, 114.4 mm SL; MZUSP 97022, paratypes, 94.1–118.6 mm SL; Farlowella cf. hahni: Brazil: MZUEL 9037, 5, 56.6–131 mm SL; MZUEL 9669, 1, 47.2 mm SL; NUP 374, 6, 78.1–161.7 mm SL; NUP 818, 5, 127.6–140 mm SL; NUP 819, 10, 89.3–156.2 mm SL; NUP 1450, 1, 111.7 mm SL; NUP 1496, 5, 95.7–177.8 mm SL; NUP 2849, 1, 128.4 mm SL; NUP 4029, 2, 151.1–162.2 mm SL; NUP 4525, 1, 130.7 mm SL; NUP 4728, 5, 129.4–148 mm SL; NUP 7867, 2, 134.7–140.3 mm SL; NUP 11443, 1, 109.5 mm SL; NUP 13303, 2, 103.2–129.7 mm SL; NUP 14747, 1, 125.6 mm SL; NUP 16978, 2, 133.8–149.8 mm SL; Farlowella hasemani: Brazil: INPA 3912, 190.8 mm SL; Farlowella henriquei: Brazil: INPA 3012, 2, 68.8–111 mm SL; INPA 3030, 1, 170.3 mm SL; INPA 3911, 147.9–153.1 mm SL; INPA 3913, 1, 180.7; INPA 34545, 3, 83.6–160.5 mm SL; MZUSP 2159, holotype, 165.7 mm SL; Farlowella isbruckeri: Brazil: MZUSP 27704, paratype, 134.8 mm SL; Farlowella jauruensis: Brazil: MZUSP 59457, 2, 58.3–57.3 mm SL; MZUSP 58485, 1, 77.2 mm SL; MZUSP 115560, 1, 81.4 mm SL; Farlowella knerii: Ecuador: ANSP 130435, 2, 21.4–73.3 mm SL; ANSP 130436, 1, 123.3 mm SL; Farlowella latisoma: Brazil: MNRJ 761, holotype, 179.3 mm SL, synonymy of Farlowella schreitmuelleri; Farlowella mariaelenae: Venezuela: ROM 94123, 2, 67.2–81.8 mm SL; Farlowella mitoupibo: Colombia: MPUJ 8481, holotype, 203.7 mm SL; MPUJ 8479, 1, paratype, 112.6 mm SL; MPUJ 8480, paratype, 5, 65.7–170 mm SL; MPUJ 8482, paratype, 109.4 mm SL; MPUJ 8483, paratype, 1, 163.1 mm SL; MPUJ 8484, paratype, 1, 112.5 mm SL; Farlowella myriodon: Peru: MZUSP 15328, holotype, 154 mm SL; MZUSP 15332, paratype, 134.2 mm SL; MZUSP 15342, paratype, 92.6 mm SL; Farlowella nattereri: Brazil: LBP 10568, 3, 80.7–92.4 mm SL; LBP 18192, 6, 47.5–117.5 mm SL; LBP 18526, 1, 189.9 mm SL; LBP 18580, 3, 102.9–164.5 mm SL; LBP 26628, 7, 185.0–208.6 mm SL; MNRJ 3732, 2, 166.9–168.2 mm SL; MNRJ 37080, 1, 135.7 mm SL; UFRO–ICT 6731, 2, 96.4–104.6 mm SL; UFRGS 26186, 1, 147.7 mm SL; Colombia: ROM 107219, 3, 90.3–213 mm SL; Peru: LBP 22594, 1, 132.3 mm SL; ROM 64063, 6, 42.9–129.8 mm SL; Farlowella aff. nattereri: Brazil: INPA 1637, 1, 117.8 mm SL; INPA 1963, 2, 78.7–146.1 mm SL; INPA 2017, 1, 87.5 mm SL; INPA 2808, 1, 171.8 mm SL; INPA 3916, 1, 95 mm SL; INPA 4839, 1, 184.5 mm SL; INPA 12945, 1, 162.5 mm SL; INPA 16763, 1, 52 mm SL; INPA 43891, 1, 199.1 mm SL; Guyana: INPA 58225, 2, 135.6–52.7 mm SL; ROM 97162, 1, 112.3 mm SL; Farlowella oliveirae Miranda Ribeiro, 1939: MNRJ 757, holotype, 111.8 mm SL, synonymy of Farlowella amazonum; Farlowella aff. oxyrryncha: Brazil: INPA 12940, 6, 61–155.2 mm SL; INPA 12941, 1, 60.5 mm SL; INPA 29869, 5, 29.9–105.1 mm SL; INPA 31038, 1, 100.3 mm SL; MZUEL 6713, 1, 103 mm SL; Farlowella cf. oxyrryncha: Brazil: INPA 1645,1, 86.4 mm SL; INPA 8159, 3, 61.9–151.6 mm SL; INPA 10371, 21, 72.33–188 mm SL; INPA 12964, 1, 56.3 mm SL; INPA 14001, 1, 159.2; INPA 20796, 1, 134.4 mm SL; INPA 27505, 21, 23.9–129.3 mm SL; INPA 37694, 1, 75 mm SL; INPA 53229, 1, 199.8 mm SL; INPA 54977, 1, 110 mm SL; INPA 58662, 1, 170.5 mm SL; MCP 32735, 1, 83 mm SL; MCP 36623, 7, 51.6–112.7 mm SL; MCP 46138, 1, 103 mm SL; MPEG 13083, 3, 116.4–127 mm SL; MPEG 28662, 5, 73.7–178.5 mm SL; MPEG 30901, 1, 103.7 mm SL; UFRGS 12165, 4, 105,5–97.7 mm SL; UFRGS 12325, 5, 49.8–133.6 mm SL; UFRGS 21842, 1, 100.3 mm SL; MNRJ 23380, 1, 115.4 mm SL; MZUSP 22919, 6, 47.7–101.8 mm SL; MZUSP 96753, 8, 55.9–101 mm SL; MZUSP 125342, 10, 69.2–195 mm SL; Farlowella paraguayensis Retzer & Page, 1997: Brazil: INPA 567, 5, 72.3–122.1 mm SL; INPA 2829, 4, 65.1–135 mm SL; INPA 2830, 6, 70.5–153.2; INPA 3919, 12, 56.5–88.7 mm SL; INPA 12999, 4, 59.8–110.7 mm SL; MNRJ 760, 1, 162.0 mm SL; MNRJ 46680, 2, 117.8–118.3 mm SL; MZUSP 47243, 8, paratypes, 122.5–134.4 mm SL; NUP 15010, 8, 51.7–95.8 mm SL; NUP 21531, 5, 56.3–101 mm SL; ZUFMS 1292, 2, 134.6–143.3 mm SL; ZUFMS 1426, 3, 112.9–122.3 mm SL; ZUFMS 4373, 3, 113.7–128.4 mm SL; ZUFMS 5950, 4, 74.2–122.9 mm SL; Farlowella pleurotaenia Miranda Ribeiro, 1939: Brazil: MNRJ 758, holotype, 99.6 mm SL, synonymy of Farlowella amazonum; Farlowella rugosa Boeseman, 1971: Brazil: IEPA 3886, 1, 187.2 mm SL; IEPA 3916, 1, 113.6 mm SL; Guyana: ROM 64797, 1, 143.5 mm SL; ROM 85790, 3, 73.9–87.4 mm SL; ROM 85916, 1, 73.7 mm SL; ROM 85922, 2, 81.9–143.1 mm SL; ROM 86116, 2, 63.5–65 mm SL; Suriname: ROM 98122, 1, 90.64 mm SL; Farlowella schreitmuelleri: Brazil: IEPA 2708, 1, 59 mm SL; IEPA 4644, 1, 66.9 mm SL; IEPA 4708, 1, 63.1 mm SL, IEPA 4724, 2, 80.1–121.8 mm SL; IEPA 4727, 6, 63.3–120.6 mm SL; INPA 3917, 1, 82.8 mm SL; INPA 3918, 1, 76.2 mm SL; INPA 6777, 9, 63.1–104.7 mm SL; INPA 6978, 3, 67.6–111.3 mm SL; INPA 7069, 1, 76 mm SL; INPA 8209, 1, 75.8 mm SL; INPA 24914, 11, 78.8–125.4 mm SL; INPA 29109, 2, 55.3–66.5 mm SL; INPA 44877, 5, 66.2–111 mm SL; INPA 44493, 1, 110.1 mm SL; INPA 44662, 1, 71.4 mm SL; INPA 45127, 2, 99.4–113.3 mm SL; INPA 45891, 13, 59.5–115.4 mm SL; INPA 46005, 1, 98.6 mm SL; INPA 46027, 1, 119.7 mm SL; MZUSP 101583, 2, 91.6–132 mm SL; MZUSP 101828, 1, 93.1 mm SL; UNT 488, 3, 106.5–140.7 mm SL; UNT 488, 3, 106.5–140.7 mm SL; Farlowella smithi Fowler, 1913: Brazil: UFRGS 25175, 3, 60.9–71.8 mm SL; UFRO–ICT 507, 3, 64.8–89.9 mm SL; UFRO–ICT 24122, 3, 70.3–88.9 mm SL; MZUSP 73593, 14, 56.9–85.8 mm SL; Farlowella vittata Myers, 1942: Colombia: LBP 18722, 2, 51.9–130.6 mm SL; MPUJ 8349, 8, 37.4–124.4 mm SL; MPUJ 8353, 2, 54.3–75.1 mm SL; MPUJ 8357, 7, 78.9–128.3 mm SL; Venezuela: LBP 2307, 1, 87.4 mm SL; LBP 9950, 2, 51.6–123.4 mm SL; ROM 88294, 6, 90.4–77.5 mm SL; ROM 94407, 3, 62–136.3 mm SL.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe are grateful to Mariangeles Arce and Mark Sabaj (ANSP); Cecile Gama (IEPA); Lucia Rapp Py-Daniel, Renildo Oliveira and Vitoria Pereira (INPA); Claudio Oliveira (LBP); Isaac Cabral and Leandro Sousa (LIA); Carlos Lucena (MCP); Alberto Akama and Angelo Dourado (MPEG); Alejandra Rodríguez, Tiago Carvalho and Saul Prada (MPUJ); Alessio Datovo, Guilherme Dutra, Mario de Pinna and Michel Gianeti (MZUSP); Carla Pavanelli and Marli Campos (NUPELIA); Marg Zur and Nathan Lujan (ROM); Fernando Jerep and José Birindelli (UEL); Juliana Wingert and Luiz Malabarba (UFRGS); Aline Andriolo and Carolina Doria (UFRO); Carine Chamon, Everton Oliveira and Paulo Lucinda (UNT); Francisco Severo Neto and Thomaz Sinani (ZUFMS) for loan material and assistance during visits of the first author to collections under their care. Alejandro Londoño-Burbano (MNRJ) for comments and discussion about the Loricariinae and generous contributions to this manuscript. Roberto Reis (MCP), Jonathan Armbruster (AUM) and an anonymous reviewer provided useful comments that helped improve the manuscript. Lucas Garcia (MNRJ) for the drawing of Fig. 1. Igor Souto-Santos (MNRJ) for helping with photos for Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Guilherme Dutra (MZUSP) for the photograph of the type locality. MD is supported from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES/PROEX 88887.335793/2019–00). MRB and WBW are supported by grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, processes #311294/2021–9 and #307988/2021–0).
Manuela DopazoWolmar B. WosiackiMarcelo R. BrittoABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  Resumo
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Edited-by
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractA new species of stick-catfish Farlowella is described from streams of the lower rio Tapajós drainage, in Pará State, northern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by a naked gular region (vs. gular region with plates) and from most congeners by the presence of five lateral series of plate rows on anterior region of body (vs. four). The new species shows variation in the series of abdominal plates and a discussion on the variation of abdominal plates within Farlowella is made and comments on synapomorphic characters in Farlowellini.
Keywords:
Amazon; Armored catfish; Biodiversity; Loricariinae; Taxonomy
ResumoUma nova espécie de cascudo-graveto Farlowella é descrita de pequenos igarapés do baixo rio Tapajós, no Estado do Pará, norte do Brasil. A nova espécie é distinta de todas as suas congêneres por uma região gular nua (vs. região gular com placas) e de muitas congêneres pela presença de cinco fileiras de placas laterais na região anterior do corpo (vs. quatro). A nova espécie apresenta variação na série de placas abdominais e é feita uma discussão sobre a variação das placas abdominais dentro de Farlowella e comentários sobre caracteres sinapomórficos em Farlowellini.
Palavras-chave:
Amazônia; Biodiversidade; Cascudo; Loricariinae; Taxonomia
INTRODUCTIONThe genus FarlowellaEigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 is a component of the freshwater fish fauna of the Neotropics. With 32 valid species, Farlowella is the second-most species-rich genus of Loricariinae, a sub-family comprised of 262 valid species in 31 genera (Delgadillo et al., 2021; Londoño-Burbano, Reis, 2021; Fricke et al., 2023). Farlowella representatives are widely distributed in the main cis-Andean South America river drainages and trans-Andean Maracaibo and Magdalena river basins (Terán et al., 2019). They are easily distinguished by having a pronounced rostrum, a thin, elongated, brown body with two longitudinal bands that extend from the tip of the rostrum to the caudal peduncle (Covain, Fisch-Muller, 2007), resembling dry twigs or sticks, which justifies the popular name stick catfishes.
The first taxonomic study was the description of the genus Acestra by Kner, (1853), with the first species described: Acestra acus and A. oxyrryncha, but without designating the type species of the genus, until A. acus was determined by Bleeker, (1862). However, Acestra was already occupied in Hemiptera (Dallas, 1852) and the name Farlowella was then replaced by Eigenmann, Eigenmann, (1889). From the end of the 19th century, several species were described, totaling 37 names that remained for almost a century, when Retzer, Page (1996) revised the genus based on characters of external morphology. This was the last revision of its species, as well as the first exclusive hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships of the genus. In that study, the authors performed a phylogenetic analysis with morphological data including only one external group, Aposturisoma myriodon Isbrücker, Britski, Nijssen & Ortega, 1983 (= Farlowella myriodon), that was used to root the tree; the monophyly of the genus, and species relationships were not actually tested. The authors also proposed six species groups and six species were considered as incertae sedis.
Recently, Londoño-Burbano, Reis (2021), based on combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis, formally recognized Aposturisoma myriodon as a member of Farlowella to assign the monophyly of the genus. Although A. myriodon is phenotypically different from Farlowella, this configuration had already been recovered by Covain et al., (2016). Based on the review of Farlowella material deposited in different collections and on the examination of material collected in the river near the confluence with rio Tapajós, in its lower portion, we identified a new species of Farlowella, which is described herein.
MATERIAL AND METHODSMeasurements were taken point to point with digital calipers. Measurements are expressed as percents of the standard length (SL), except subunits of head, which are expressed as percents of the head length (HL). Measurements follow Boeseman, (1971), except measurement of distance from pectoral-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin that follow Retzer, Page (1996), plus minimum width of snout (minimum width at the tip of snout) (Fig. 1A), distance between cleithral processes (between the humeral processes of the cleithrum) (Fig. 1B) and maximum width of snout (maximum width in transverse line from the posterior edge of the ventral plate before mouth) (Fig. 1C). Counts and nomenclature of lateral plate series follow Ballen et al., (2016a). Osteological nomenclature follows Paixão, Toledo-Piza, (2009), except for parieto-supraoccipital instead of supraoccipital (Arratia, Gayet, 1995), pterotic-extraescapular instead of pterotic-supracleithrum (Slobodian, Pastana, 2018). Vertebral counts include only free centra, with the compound caudal centrum (preural 1+ ural 1) counted as a single element. Cleared and stained (cs) specimens were prepared according to the methods of Taylor, Van Dyke, (1985). Numbers in parentheses following meristic counts correspond to number of specimens having that count, and those indicated by an asterisk (*) belong to the holotype. Map was generated in the QGIS 3.14.16 program. Institutional abbreviations follow Sabaj, (2022). The estimated Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupation (AOO) of the species was calculated using the web portal of the Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool (GeoCAT: http://geocat.kew.org/) and the categories and criteria of conservation status of species followed IUCN (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee, 2022).




FIGURE 1 |
Additional measures used in this study. A. Minimum width of snout; B. Distance between cleithral processes; and C. Maximum width of snout.


RESULTSFarlowella wuyjugu, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FA22FB00-B26F-45C0-A121-2BD8FB00B523
(Figs. 2–3; Tab. 1)
Holotype. MPEG 26178, 143.4 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 27 Nov 2012, M. B. Mendonça.
Paratypes. All from Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, rio Arapiuns basin, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin. INPA 59894, 2, 124.8–128.9 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’37.3”W, 8 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MNRJ 53691, 2, 127.3–130.9 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894. MPEG 10062, 5, 112.0–121.6 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894, 3 Mar 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 12865, 5, 90.9–123.2 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894, 11 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag & A. Hercos. MPEG 15900, 12, 2 cs, 97.6–136.5 mm SL, same locality as INPA 59894, 8 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 10857, 5, 111.7–128.2 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’52”S 55°54’10.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 32191, 4, 94.3–133.9 mm SL, same locality as MPEG 10857, 14 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 12684, 5, 1 cs, 122.8–144.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°50’13.8”W, 14 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag.
Non-types. All from Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, rio Arapiuns basin, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin. MPEG 10055, 4, 102.9–124.3 mm SL, MPEG 10062, 13, 70.0–109.7 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02º36’44.5”S 56º11’37.3”W, 3 Mar 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 10851, 1, 119.2 mm SL, MPEG 10852, 3, 79.5–116.1 mm SL, MPEG 10853, 1, 121.9 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10855, 4, 46.7–88.7 mm SL, MPEG 10856, 7, 54.2–108.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 17 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10857, 11, 65.1–145.8 mm SL, MPEG 10858, 2, 106.2–112.8 mm SL, MPEG 10859, 4, 64.4–128.3 mm SL, MPEG 10861, 1, 113.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10860, 1, 128.6 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 17 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10862, 3, 49.6–54.6 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 10956, 1, 26.2 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 17 Aug 2006, A. Hercos. MPEG 12491, 4, 18.6–45.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, 02°36’44.8”S 56°11’37.3”W, 9 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 12865, 4, 69.8–93.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02º36’44.5”S 56º11’37.3”W, 11 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag & A. Hercos. MPEG 13040, 2, 35.7–38.4 mm SL, MPEG 13043, 2, 20.6–30 mm SL, MPEG 13050, 2, 11.0–118.4 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 19 Aug 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13041, 1, 56.3 mm SL, MPEG 13044, 5, 56.8–93.2 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 12 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13042, 3, 48.1–45.5 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 14 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13045, 1, 92.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 14 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13046, 1, 101.7 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 15 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13048, 5, 50.2–80.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 11 Dec 2006, L. F. A. Montag. MPEG 13731, 2, 63.9–69.4 mm SL, MPEG 14143, 7, 61.9–136.5 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’50.7”S 55°54’13.8”W, 15 May 2007, A. Hercos. MPEG 14271, 1, 42.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 27 Nov 2007, A. Hercos. MPEG 14711, 13, 46.2–126.3 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’35.5”W, 11 May 2007, A. Hercos. MPEG 15900, 8, 56.6–95.8 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’44.5”S 56°11’37.3”W, 8 Sep 2002, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 16955, 1, 120.7 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’33.2”S 56°11’33.4”W, 19 Feb 2008, W. B. Wosiacki. MPEG 26172, 13, 71.8–129.8 mm SL, MPEG 26173, 4, 61.5–94.5 mm SL, MPEG 26333, 1, 86.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 28 Nov 2012, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26179,19, 43.5–156.4 mm SL, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 27 Nov 2012, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 29996, 2, 112.7–117.4 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 6 Dec 2013, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26997, 9, 100.5–129.9 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 7 Dec 2013, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26998, 1, 88.9 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’52”S 55°54’10.8”W, 11 Dec 2013, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 26999, 5, 51.9–138.1 mm SL, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 12 Dec 2012, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32191, 4, 93.7–136.6 mm SL, MPEG 32192, 2, 55.6–115.1 mm SL, igarapé São Francisco, 02°34’52”S 55°54’10.8”W, 19 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32193, 15, 32.9–124.2 mm SL, MPEG 32194, 14, 61.4–127.3 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 22 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32195, 1, 135.1 mm SL, igarapé Rio Branco, 02°20’58.6”S 56°01’26.4”W, 18 Sep 2014, M. B. Mendonça. MPEG 32507, 72.4–113.1 mm S, MPEG 32508, 11, 49.0–116.5 mm SL, igarapé Mutum, affluent of rio Aruã, tributary of Rio Branco, 02°36’45.8”S 56°11’36.8”W, 20 Mar 2015, M. B. Mendonça.




FIGURE 2 |
Dorsal, lateral and ventral view of Farlowella wuyjugu, holotype, 143.4 mm SL, MPEG 26178, Brazil, Pará State, Juruti municipality, igarapé Rio Branco, lower rio Tapajós, rio Amazon basin.


Diagnosis.Farlowella wuyjugu can be diagnosed from its congeners by lack of plates in gular region (vs. gular plates present) (Fig. 3). The new species can be distinguished from its congeners, except Farlowella altocorpus Retzer, 2006, F. azpelicuetae Terán, Ballen, Alonso, Aguilera & Mirande, 2019, F. gianetii Ballen, Pastana & Peixoto, 2016, F. gracilis Regan, 1904, F. guarani Delgadillo, Maldonado & Carvajal-Vallejos, 2021, F. hasemani Eigenmann & Vance, 1917, F. isbrueckeri Retzer & Page, 1997, F. jauruensis Eigenmann & Vance, 1917, F. myriodon, F. nattereri Steindachner, 1910, and F. odontotumulusRetzer & Page, 1997, by having five lateral series of plate rows on anterior region of body (vs. four). Additionally, F. wuyjugu differs from F. altocorpus and F. azpelicuatae by having a smaller body width at dorsal origin (4.3–5.5 vs. 6.4–8.1% SL); from F. gianetti by number of caudal-fin rays (i,11,i or i,12,i vs. i,10,i); from F. gracilis by having head triangular in dorsal view (vs. head square); from F. guarani by interorbital width (12.0–16.0 vs. 28.6–44% HL) and eye diameter (3.6–5.8 vs. 6.6–13.3% HL); from F. hasemani by all fin rays uniformly pigmented (vs. fin rays not pigmented); from F. isbruckeri and F. odontotumulus by having the ventromedian row of anterior plates keeled (vs. ventromedian row of anterior plates unkeeled); from F. jauruensis by having five branched pelvic-fin rays (vs. four branched pelvic-fin rays); from F. myriodon by having dark brown lateral stripe on each side of snout (vs. absence of such stripe, snout completely dark); and from F. nattereri by having a short pectoral fin, not reaching the pelvic-fin base (vs. long pectoral fin, reaching the pelvic-fin base).


 Thumbnail
TABLE 1 |
Morphometrics of Farlowella wuyjugu, new species. Values as percents of standard length (SL) and head length (HL) for holotype and 38 paratypes. n = number of specimens, SD = Standard deviation.
Description. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of holotype in Fig. 2. Morphometric and meristic data for holotype and paratypes summarized in Tab. 1. Body slender and very elongated, completely covered by dermal plates, except in gular portion. Head triangular and elongate in dorsal and ventral views. Rostrum slender and flat in ventral view. Orbit circular, dorsolaterally placed, visible in dorsal view and not visible in ventral view. Preorbital ridge present. Mouth ventral. Dorsal profile of head concave from snout tip to anterior margin of nares, relatively straight to convex from point to posterior margin of nares to posterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital and slightly concave to dorsal-fin origin. Posterior profile of margin of dorsal-fin origin slightly concave and straight profile to end of caudal peduncle. Ventral profile slightly straight from tip of snout to anal-fin origin, slightly concave in anal-fin base and straight profile to end of caudal peduncle.
Mouth ovoid, lower lip longer than upper lip; wide oval papillae on upper lip and round papillae on lower lip, decreasing in size from oral aperture to lip margin; lip margin papillose. Bicuspid slender teeth, each premaxilla with 22(2), 23*(1), 29(1), 31(1), 33(1), 36(1), 37(3), 39(1), 40(2), 41(1), 42(3), 43(2), 44(1), 46(3), 47(4), 48(4), 49(4), 51(2), 53(1) or 55(1) teeth and each dentary with 18*(3), 22(1), 23(1), 26(2), 28(1), 29(2), 30(2), 32(3), 33(3), 34(1), 35(4), 36(3), 37(1), 38(4), 39(2), 40(2), 41(1), 42(1) or 43(2) teeth; premaxilla larger than dentary. Two maxillary barbels small and projecting slightly from mouth margin.
Five lateral plate rows on body, with 31(6), 32*(30) or 33(3) dorsal plates; 6(1), 7*(5), 8(23) or 9(10) dorsomedian plates; 7(1), 8*(5), 9(20) or 10(13) median plates; 14*(7), 15(27) or 16(5) ventromedian plates; 35(3), 36(7), 37*(15), 38(9), 39(3) or 40(2) ventral plates; 5(14), 6*(18), 7(6) or 8(1) dorsomedian+median plates; 18(12), 19(20) or 20*(7) coalescent plates; 8*(39) predorsal plates; 23(6), 24*(30) or 25(3) postdorsal plates; 20(2), 21(14), 22*(21), 23(1) or 24(1) postanal plates; 2 plates at the base of caudal fin and one preanal plate. Abdomen covered with two lateral rows with 6(6), 7*(19), 8(11), 9(2), 11(1) lateral abdominal plates (left) and 6(10), 7*(14), 8(8) or 9(7) lateral abdominal plates (right), and one midabdominal incomplete (23)* row or when complete (16) row with 2(1), 3(2), 4*(2), 5(1), 6(5), 7(7), 8(7), 9(3), 10(3), 11(2), 12(3), 13(2) or 16(1) midabdominal plates.
Lateral line complete; reaching up to last caudal peduncle coalesced plate. Preopercular canal passing through infraorbital six with two pores. Terminal exit of parietal branch in frontal bone curved. Canal-bearing cheek plate in ventral position. Nasal slightly curved in anterior portion with pore opening laterally.
Pectoral-fin rays i,6*(39); posterior margin slightly concave; unbranched ray longest. Dorsal-fin rays i,6*(39); posterior margin straight to slightly concave; three* or four plates along its base; unbranched ray longest. Pelvic-fin rays i,5*(39); posterior margin straight; unbranched ray longest. Anal-fin rays i,5*(39); posterior margin straight to slightly concave; unbranched ray longest; three* or four plates along its base. Caudal-fin rays i,11,i(2) or i,12,i*(37); posterior margin deeply concave; dorsal and ventral lobes similar in size; filaments on upper and lower unbranched rays. All fin rays with odontodes; more developed odontodes on unbranched first ray.
Mesethmoid long; lateral expansion of anterior portion absent; mesethmoid ventral posterior process present. Nasal rectangular irregular bone curved laterally. Frontal wide, occluded from dorsal border of orbit. Orbit anteriorly delimited by dermal plate, dorsally by frontal bone, dorsolaterally by sphenotic, and ventrally by infraorbital series. Sphenotic quadrate in shape, contacting frontal bone anterolaterally, parieto-supraoccipital dorsally, infraorbital six ventrally, and pterotic-extrascapular posteriorly. Pterotic-extrascapular with large perforations. Parieto-supraoccipital wide and oval, contacting first predorsal plate posteriorly. Anterior contact of hyomandibula with metapterygoid and quadrate, and ventral with preopercle. Symphyseal cartilage between quadrate and hyomandibula. Anterior margin of quadrate articulation with anguloarticular. Dentary almost twice the size of anguloarticular. Autopalatine irregular, rod-like shape. Anterior margin of autopalatine articulation with maxilla and posterior contact posteriorly with vomer and metapterygoid. Preopercle long and partially exposed; anterior process reaching at least half of quadrate length. Suspensorium rectangular in overall shape. Three branchiostegal rays. Hypohyal anterior border straight, without anterior projection. Urohyal triangular and posterior margin rounded, with medial foramen. Anterohyal and posterohyal partially separated by cartilage. Anterior margin of anterohyal greatly expanded. Basibranchial 2, 3 and 4 present; basibranchial 2 and 3 elongated; basibranchial 2 equal to basibranchial 3; basibranchial 2 and 3 ossified and basibranchial 4 cartilaginous. Two hypobranchials; hypobranchial 1 ossified and hypobranchial 2 cartilaginous. Four epibranchials with similar size. Five ceratobranchials; ceratobranchial 1 with accessory flange; ceratobranchial 5 triangular; ceratobranchial teeth restricted to mesial area of plate. Upper pharyngeal plate club-shaped, completely covered with fine teeth. Vertebral count 39(1) and 40(1); five thin pleural ribs directly attached to centra 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12(1) and four thin pleural ribs directly attached to centra 9, 10, 11 and 12(1); parapophysis of complex vertebra well developed (two specimens).




FIGURE 3 |
Gular region and variation of abdominal plates in specimens, ventral view of Farlowella wuyjugu. A. MPEG 26178, 143.4 mm SL; B. INPA 59894, 128.9 mm SL; C. MPEG 12684, 125 mm SL.


Coloration in alcohol. Ground color of dorsum and head pale or dark brown. Light brown color with diffuse and scattered dark brown spots on predorsal portion, from tip of parieto-supraoccipital and extending to all plates. Five to six rounded spots between the second and third infraorbital, extending to opercle. One dark brown lateral stripe on each side, that runs from snout to caudal peduncle. Ventral portion of head brown; yellow between lower lip and anterior portion of anal fin. Dorsal profile in posterior portion of anal fin light brown with diffuse and scattered dark brown spots along the plates, same to dorsal portion, more delimited in some individuals. Upper lip with scattered chromatophores. Pectoral, dorsal, pelvic, and anal fin rays with hyaline membranes and pigmented brown rays, sometimes forming dark bands. First rays markedly dark. Caudal fin almost completely dark brown, membranes and rays pigmented, in some individuals with area of hyaline membrane (Fig. 4).




FIGURE 4 |
Caudal fin coloration of Farlowella wuyjugu. MPEG 31191, 119.9 mm SL.


Geographical distribution.Farlowella wuyjugu is known only from small, forest creeks near Juruti, Pará State, tributaries of rio Arapiuns, rio Tapajós in its lower portion, rio Amazon basin, Brazil (Fig. 5).




FIGURE 5 |
Geographic distribution of Farlowella wuyjugu in lower rio Tapajós. Star = holotype; circles = paratypes localities.


Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the combination of the words Wuy jugu, which is the self-denomination of indigenous people known in Brazil as Munduruku. This ethnic group is part of the Tupi trunk and they are located in different regions and territories in the states of Pará, Amazonas, and Mato Grosso. In the region of the lower Tapajós River, in recent years some communities in the process of their ethnic identity have recognized themselves as Munduruku (Ramos, 2022). A noun in apposittion.
Conservation status.Farlowella wuyjugu is known from four collection stations [igarapé Rio Branco (Fig. 6), igarapé Mutum, and igarapé São Francisco] in Juruti municipality, Pará State, Brazil. Using the GeoCAT we calculate the extent of occurrence (EOO) of the species in 4,921 km2, suggesting a threatened category of Endangered (EN). Farlowella wuyjugu is sampled in few localities in the Juruti municipality, impacted by a large bauxite extraction project, deteriorating their habitats. Following the recommendations by the IUCN (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee, 2022), F. wuyjugu should be categorized as Nearly Threatened (NT), following criterions B2:EN (EOO < 5,000 km2), b(iii) (decline of quality of habitat by bauxite extraction).




FIGURE 6 |
Igarapé Rio Branco, type-locality of Farlowella wuyjugu.


Variation of abdominal plates within Farlowellawuyjugu. Abdominal plates are usually termed as lateral abdominal plates, which are transversely elongated plates between the pectoral-fin axilla and the pelvic-fin insertion, and midabdominal plates, which cover the abdomen between the lateral ones (Londoño-Burbano, Reis, 2021). The midabdominal plates, in Farlowella, can be absent or present and when present can be incomplete or complete. Ballen et al., (2016b) described Falowella mitoupiboBallen, Urbano-Bonilla & Zamudio, 2016 and proposed as diagnostic for the species an incomplete median disjunct row of abdominal plates, divided at the center by plates belonging to the lateral rows of abdominal plates (vs. two or three complete rows of abdominal plates or an incomplete median row of one or two plates anteriorly that never reach to the level of the prepelvic plate). Although the authors proposed this character as a diagnosis for the species, in recent examinations of the type material of F. mitoupibo, it was possible to observe two completes rows of abdominal plates in one specimen (M. Dopazo, pers. obs.). Farlowella wuyjugu have midabdominal plates and can be an incomplete or complete midabdominal series (Fig. 3). An incomplete midabdominal series can be a disjunct row as described for F. mitoupibo or an incomplete median row of plates anteriorly that do not reach to the level of the prepelvic plate (Figs. 3A, B). Retzer, Page (1996) proposed the number of rows of abdominal plates as a diagnostic character to differentiate species group of Farlowella: two rows (F. acus (Kner, 1853) group and F. amazonumGünther, 1864 group) and three rows (F. curtirostra Myers, 1942 group, F. mariaelene Martín Salazar, 1964 group, F. nattereri group, F. knerii (Steindachner, 1882) group and unassigned species group). Although Retzer, Page (1996) proposed the number of rows of abdominal plates as a diagnostic character to differentiate species groups of Farlowella, both states were found in F. wuyjugu and F. mitoupibo, rendering that character not be useful to differentiate groups because they are variable within Farlowella species. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus (including the species described here) is being carried out and aims to test if these characters (proposed by Retzer, Page, 1996) are in fact phylogenetically informative.
DISCUSSIONLondoño-Burbano, Reis (2021) recovered the tribe Farlowellini Fowler, 1958 including five genera, Lamontichthys Miranda Ribeiro, 1939, Pterosturisoma Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1978, Sturisoma Swainson, 1838, Sturisomatichthys Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 and Farlowella Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889. The authors defined two exclusive synapomorphies for the tribe: (1) nuchal plate articulated to lateral plates (char 175) and (2) the presence of gular plates (char 179). According to Londoño-Burbano, Reis (2021), gular plates are large, polygonal dermal plates covering the ventral surface of the head behind the lower lip. Character 175 was observed in F. wuyjugu, however, character 179 is not applicable to the new species because of the lack of gular plates. Almost twenty years after the publication of the study by Retzer, Page (1996). Farlowella was proposed as a monophyletic group by Londoño-Burbano, Reis (2021) with 11 morphological and 38 molecular synapomorphies. Of the eleven morphological synapomorphies, four were considered exclusive for the genus: (1) number of branchiostegal rays fewer than four (char 109); (2) straight and upright lamina on neural spine on the sixth vertebra for articulation with ventral surface of parieto-supraoccipital (char 114); (3) absence of pleural rib associated to the seventh vertebra (char 117); (4) short anteriormost paraneural spines (char 129). These character states were all observed in F. wuyjugu supporting the species as a member of the genus. Despite the high number of morphological characters and the number of terminals used in the analysis by the authors, there are many high homoplastic characters and not useful for a diagnosis at the species level.
Other Farlowella species are also identified for the rio Tapajós basin (F. gr. amazonum, F. cf. oxyrryncha, F. schreitmuelleri Arnold, 1936, and F. sp.; M. Dopazo, pers. obs.). Species with type locality in or near the region are F. amazonum (Santarém, Pará State), F. gladiolusGünther, 1864 (rio Cupari, rio Tapajós basin, Amazon River drainage, Pará State), and F. schreitmuelleri (lower Amazon River basin, Santarém, Pará State), but they differ from F. wuyjugu mainly by the number of lateral series of plate rows on anterior region of body (four vs. five). Farlowella amazonum and F. gladiolus were described in the same work by Günther, (1864). In the review of the genus by Retzer, Page (1996), F. gladiolus was placed in the synonymy with F. amazonum, however, Covain et al., (2016) recognized the former as a valid species. There are several taxonomic issues regarding the validity of Farlowella species and their delimitation. These questions are being addressed in an ongoing taxonomic review (by MD and MRB) of the genus. Our description of F. wuyjugu contributes to the knowledge of the rio Arapiuns and to the understanding of the ichthyofauna of the rio Tapajós basin.
Comparative material examined.Farlowella acus: Colombia: MPUJ 2834, 1, 183.6 mm SL; MPUJ 2842, 1, 133.3 mm SL; MPUJ 2955, 1, 50.1 mm SL: MPUJ 7320,1 124.1 mm SL; MPUJ 9287, 1, 122.5 mm SL; MPUJ 10915, 1, 116.9 mm SL; MPUJ 11158, 1, 130.4 mm SL; MPUJ 13270, 1, 38.6 mm SL: MPUJ 16876, 1, 76 mm SL; Venezuela: ANSP 130038, 20, 90.6–149.7 mm SL; MZUSP 147, 2, 108.4–123.8 mm SL; Farlowella cf. altocorpus: Brazil: INPA 3034, 49, 64.2–155.6 mm SL; INPA 3035, 16, 58–148.6 mm SL; Farlowella amazonum: Brazil: LIA 7233, 1, 84.7 mm SL; LIA 7235, 64.8–198.5 mm SL; LIA 7236, 4, 69.2–92,5 mm SL; LBP 4344, 1, 82.9 mm SL; LBP 10860, 3, 111.0–144.7 mm SL; LBP 11118, 1, 132.2 mm SL; LBP 12117, 5, 47.4–147.2 mm SL; LBP 15179, 1, 82.9 mm SL; LBP 17994, 3, 70.7–121.81 mm SL; LBP 20432, 1, 110.1 mm SL; LBP 20964, 2, 67.5–113.1 mm SL; LBP 21208, 4, 69.5–121.7 mm SL; LBP 21230, 1, 142.1 mm SL; LBP 22348, 13, 54.9–203.6 mm SL; LBP 22488, 1, 169.2 mm SL; MCP 44240, 6, 163.8–190.7 mm SL; MCP 50059, 83.6–176.4 mm SL; MNRJ 762, 3, 130.1–161.2 mm SL; MNRJ 35534, 15, 79.9–166.1 mm SL, 3 cs; MNRJ 35535, 3, 176.3–161.3 mm SL; MNRJ 35536, 2, 76.3–176.8 mm SL; MNRJ 35537, 2, 99.7–179.9 mm SL; MNRJ 39040, 8, 52.1–73.7 mm SL; MNRJ 39249, 1, 66.6 mm SL; MNRJ 39270, 6, 34.4–66.8 mm SL; MPEG 3072, 2, 71,7–146.2 mm SL; MPEG 9008, 4, 147–182.3 mm SL; MPEG 13290, 5, 157.9–180.3 mm SL; MPEG 17077, 1, 50.8 mm SL; MPEG 19827, 1, 182.2 mm SL; MPEG 19945, 1, 123.8 mm SL; MPEG 23942, 2, 139–175.4 mm SL; MPEG 23726, 2, 166.4–172.5 mm SL; MPEG 24470, 1, 129.2 mm SL; MPEG 24471, 2, 166.3–74 mm SL; MPEG 30598, 5, 118.3–151.1 mm SL; MPEG 30931, 1, 104.2 mm SL; MPEG 30936, 1, 109.7 mm SL; MZUSP 23416, 5, 35.9–139.2 mm SL; MZUSP 27717, 1, 115.8 mm SL; MZUSP 121244, 1, 207.0 mm SL; UFRGS 21710, 1, 80.5 mm SL; Peru: ANSP 191818, 2, 172.7–179.6 mm SL; ANSP 199910, 1, 146.1 mm SL; Farlowella azpelicuetae: Argentina: MZUSP 123935, paratype, 80.8 mm SL; MZUSP 123936, 2, paratypes, 79.8–165.9 mm SL; Farlowella gianetti: Brazil: MZUSP 95564, holotype, 114.4 mm SL; MZUSP 97022, paratypes, 94.1–118.6 mm SL; Farlowella cf. hahni: Brazil: MZUEL 9037, 5, 56.6–131 mm SL; MZUEL 9669, 1, 47.2 mm SL; NUP 374, 6, 78.1–161.7 mm SL; NUP 818, 5, 127.6–140 mm SL; NUP 819, 10, 89.3–156.2 mm SL; NUP 1450, 1, 111.7 mm SL; NUP 1496, 5, 95.7–177.8 mm SL; NUP 2849, 1, 128.4 mm SL; NUP 4029, 2, 151.1–162.2 mm SL; NUP 4525, 1, 130.7 mm SL; NUP 4728, 5, 129.4–148 mm SL; NUP 7867, 2, 134.7–140.3 mm SL; NUP 11443, 1, 109.5 mm SL; NUP 13303, 2, 103.2–129.7 mm SL; NUP 14747, 1, 125.6 mm SL; NUP 16978, 2, 133.8–149.8 mm SL; Farlowella hasemani: Brazil: INPA 3912, 190.8 mm SL; Farlowella henriquei: Brazil: INPA 3012, 2, 68.8–111 mm SL; INPA 3030, 1, 170.3 mm SL; INPA 3911, 147.9–153.1 mm SL; INPA 3913, 1, 180.7; INPA 34545, 3, 83.6–160.5 mm SL; MZUSP 2159, holotype, 165.7 mm SL; Farlowella isbruckeri: Brazil: MZUSP 27704, paratype, 134.8 mm SL; Farlowella jauruensis: Brazil: MZUSP 59457, 2, 58.3–57.3 mm SL; MZUSP 58485, 1, 77.2 mm SL; MZUSP 115560, 1, 81.4 mm SL; Farlowella knerii: Ecuador: ANSP 130435, 2, 21.4–73.3 mm SL; ANSP 130436, 1, 123.3 mm SL; Farlowella latisoma: Brazil: MNRJ 761, holotype, 179.3 mm SL, synonymy of Farlowella schreitmuelleri; Farlowella mariaelenae: Venezuela: ROM 94123, 2, 67.2–81.8 mm SL; Farlowella mitoupibo: Colombia: MPUJ 8481, holotype, 203.7 mm SL; MPUJ 8479, 1, paratype, 112.6 mm SL; MPUJ 8480, paratype, 5, 65.7–170 mm SL; MPUJ 8482, paratype, 109.4 mm SL; MPUJ 8483, paratype, 1, 163.1 mm SL; MPUJ 8484, paratype, 1, 112.5 mm SL; Farlowella myriodon: Peru: MZUSP 15328, holotype, 154 mm SL; MZUSP 15332, paratype, 134.2 mm SL; MZUSP 15342, paratype, 92.6 mm SL; Farlowella nattereri: Brazil: LBP 10568, 3, 80.7–92.4 mm SL; LBP 18192, 6, 47.5–117.5 mm SL; LBP 18526, 1, 189.9 mm SL; LBP 18580, 3, 102.9–164.5 mm SL; LBP 26628, 7, 185.0–208.6 mm SL; MNRJ 3732, 2, 166.9–168.2 mm SL; MNRJ 37080, 1, 135.7 mm SL; UFRO–ICT 6731, 2, 96.4–104.6 mm SL; UFRGS 26186, 1, 147.7 mm SL; Colombia: ROM 107219, 3, 90.3–213 mm SL; Peru: LBP 22594, 1, 132.3 mm SL; ROM 64063, 6, 42.9–129.8 mm SL; Farlowella aff. nattereri: Brazil: INPA 1637, 1, 117.8 mm SL; INPA 1963, 2, 78.7–146.1 mm SL; INPA 2017, 1, 87.5 mm SL; INPA 2808, 1, 171.8 mm SL; INPA 3916, 1, 95 mm SL; INPA 4839, 1, 184.5 mm SL; INPA 12945, 1, 162.5 mm SL; INPA 16763, 1, 52 mm SL; INPA 43891, 1, 199.1 mm SL; Guyana: INPA 58225, 2, 135.6–52.7 mm SL; ROM 97162, 1, 112.3 mm SL; Farlowella oliveirae Miranda Ribeiro, 1939: MNRJ 757, holotype, 111.8 mm SL, synonymy of Farlowella amazonum; Farlowella aff. oxyrryncha: Brazil: INPA 12940, 6, 61–155.2 mm SL; INPA 12941, 1, 60.5 mm SL; INPA 29869, 5, 29.9–105.1 mm SL; INPA 31038, 1, 100.3 mm SL; MZUEL 6713, 1, 103 mm SL; Farlowella cf. oxyrryncha: Brazil: INPA 1645,1, 86.4 mm SL; INPA 8159, 3, 61.9–151.6 mm SL; INPA 10371, 21, 72.33–188 mm SL; INPA 12964, 1, 56.3 mm SL; INPA 14001, 1, 159.2; INPA 20796, 1, 134.4 mm SL; INPA 27505, 21, 23.9–129.3 mm SL; INPA 37694, 1, 75 mm SL; INPA 53229, 1, 199.8 mm SL; INPA 54977, 1, 110 mm SL; INPA 58662, 1, 170.5 mm SL; MCP 32735, 1, 83 mm SL; MCP 36623, 7, 51.6–112.7 mm SL; MCP 46138, 1, 103 mm SL; MPEG 13083, 3, 116.4–127 mm SL; MPEG 28662, 5, 73.7–178.5 mm SL; MPEG 30901, 1, 103.7 mm SL; UFRGS 12165, 4, 105,5–97.7 mm SL; UFRGS 12325, 5, 49.8–133.6 mm SL; UFRGS 21842, 1, 100.3 mm SL; MNRJ 23380, 1, 115.4 mm SL; MZUSP 22919, 6, 47.7–101.8 mm SL; MZUSP 96753, 8, 55.9–101 mm SL; MZUSP 125342, 10, 69.2–195 mm SL; Farlowella paraguayensis Retzer & Page, 1997: Brazil: INPA 567, 5, 72.3–122.1 mm SL; INPA 2829, 4, 65.1–135 mm SL; INPA 2830, 6, 70.5–153.2; INPA 3919, 12, 56.5–88.7 mm SL; INPA 12999, 4, 59.8–110.7 mm SL; MNRJ 760, 1, 162.0 mm SL; MNRJ 46680, 2, 117.8–118.3 mm SL; MZUSP 47243, 8, paratypes, 122.5–134.4 mm SL; NUP 15010, 8, 51.7–95.8 mm SL; NUP 21531, 5, 56.3–101 mm SL; ZUFMS 1292, 2, 134.6–143.3 mm SL; ZUFMS 1426, 3, 112.9–122.3 mm SL; ZUFMS 4373, 3, 113.7–128.4 mm SL; ZUFMS 5950, 4, 74.2–122.9 mm SL; Farlowella pleurotaenia Miranda Ribeiro, 1939: Brazil: MNRJ 758, holotype, 99.6 mm SL, synonymy of Farlowella amazonum; Farlowella rugosa Boeseman, 1971: Brazil: IEPA 3886, 1, 187.2 mm SL; IEPA 3916, 1, 113.6 mm SL; Guyana: ROM 64797, 1, 143.5 mm SL; ROM 85790, 3, 73.9–87.4 mm SL; ROM 85916, 1, 73.7 mm SL; ROM 85922, 2, 81.9–143.1 mm SL; ROM 86116, 2, 63.5–65 mm SL; Suriname: ROM 98122, 1, 90.64 mm SL; Farlowella schreitmuelleri: Brazil: IEPA 2708, 1, 59 mm SL; IEPA 4644, 1, 66.9 mm SL; IEPA 4708, 1, 63.1 mm SL, IEPA 4724, 2, 80.1–121.8 mm SL; IEPA 4727, 6, 63.3–120.6 mm SL; INPA 3917, 1, 82.8 mm SL; INPA 3918, 1, 76.2 mm SL; INPA 6777, 9, 63.1–104.7 mm SL; INPA 6978, 3, 67.6–111.3 mm SL; INPA 7069, 1, 76 mm SL; INPA 8209, 1, 75.8 mm SL; INPA 24914, 11, 78.8–125.4 mm SL; INPA 29109, 2, 55.3–66.5 mm SL; INPA 44877, 5, 66.2–111 mm SL; INPA 44493, 1, 110.1 mm SL; INPA 44662, 1, 71.4 mm SL; INPA 45127, 2, 99.4–113.3 mm SL; INPA 45891, 13, 59.5–115.4 mm SL; INPA 46005, 1, 98.6 mm SL; INPA 46027, 1, 119.7 mm SL; MZUSP 101583, 2, 91.6–132 mm SL; MZUSP 101828, 1, 93.1 mm SL; UNT 488, 3, 106.5–140.7 mm SL; UNT 488, 3, 106.5–140.7 mm SL; Farlowella smithi Fowler, 1913: Brazil: UFRGS 25175, 3, 60.9–71.8 mm SL; UFRO–ICT 507, 3, 64.8–89.9 mm SL; UFRO–ICT 24122, 3, 70.3–88.9 mm SL; MZUSP 73593, 14, 56.9–85.8 mm SL; Farlowella vittata Myers, 1942: Colombia: LBP 18722, 2, 51.9–130.6 mm SL; MPUJ 8349, 8, 37.4–124.4 mm SL; MPUJ 8353, 2, 54.3–75.1 mm SL; MPUJ 8357, 7, 78.9–128.3 mm SL; Venezuela: LBP 2307, 1, 87.4 mm SL; LBP 9950, 2, 51.6–123.4 mm SL; ROM 88294, 6, 90.4–77.5 mm SL; ROM 94407, 3, 62–136.3 mm SL.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe are grateful to Mariangeles Arce and Mark Sabaj (ANSP); Cecile Gama (IEPA); Lucia Rapp Py-Daniel, Renildo Oliveira and Vitoria Pereira (INPA); Claudio Oliveira (LBP); Isaac Cabral and Leandro Sousa (LIA); Carlos Lucena (MCP); Alberto Akama and Angelo Dourado (MPEG); Alejandra Rodríguez, Tiago Carvalho and Saul Prada (MPUJ); Alessio Datovo, Guilherme Dutra, Mario de Pinna and Michel Gianeti (MZUSP); Carla Pavanelli and Marli Campos (NUPELIA); Marg Zur and Nathan Lujan (ROM); Fernando Jerep and José Birindelli (UEL); Juliana Wingert and Luiz Malabarba (UFRGS); Aline Andriolo and Carolina Doria (UFRO); Carine Chamon, Everton Oliveira and Paulo Lucinda (UNT); Francisco Severo Neto and Thomaz Sinani (ZUFMS) for loan material and assistance during visits of the first author to collections under their care. Alejandro Londoño-Burbano (MNRJ) for comments and discussion about the Loricariinae and generous contributions to this manuscript. Roberto Reis (MCP), Jonathan Armbruster (AUM) and an anonymous reviewer provided useful comments that helped improve the manuscript. Lucas Garcia (MNRJ) for the drawing of Fig. 1. Igor Souto-Santos (MNRJ) for helping with photos for Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Guilherme Dutra (MZUSP) for the photograph of the type locality. MD is supported from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES/PROEX 88887.335793/2019–00). MRB and WBW are supported by grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, processes #311294/2021–9 and #307988/2021–0).

==========================

A new species of miniature 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 (subgenus 𝑂𝑤𝑖𝑦𝑒𝑦𝑒) killifish has been described as 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑘𝑜𝑤𝑠𝑘𝑖𝑖, from the rio Vaupés, eastern Colombia.

Three different phenotypes of this new species are discussed in the paper, green, orange, and red. The author of the paper also reviews the species within the 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑖 group. Photos by Vasco Gomes - Killifilia.
Paywall - https://www.killi-data.org/series-kd-2023-Vermeulen.php
Vermeulen, F.B.M., Killi-Data Series 2023: 100-115. https://www.killi-data.org/series-kd-2023-Vermeulen.php
𝗔𝗯𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁
This article describes 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑘𝑜𝑤𝑠𝑘𝑖𝑖 n. spec. from Mitú, a small village along the headwaters of the Vaupés River, eastern Colombia, based on external and internal anatomical-morphological characteristics. This species belongs to the subgenus 𝑂𝑤𝑖𝑦𝑒𝑦𝑒, member of the 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑖 species group. The Vaupés River is an important source of the Rio Negro, a tributary of the Amazon River.
The new species belongs to a group of miniature 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 but differs from its group members by body and fin coloration, body pattern, and to some extent, fin shape. Unlike its group members, which occur only in shallow water bodies such as swamps filled with leaf litter, this species is also found on the banks of small creeks and the mouths of larger creeks, where there is a moderate current. They seek shelter and reproduce in thick layers of leaf litter on the creek banks. Current members of the 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑖 species group and of the 𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑎𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 species group are discussed and comparted.
𝗣𝗵𝗼𝘁𝗼 𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁
𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 (𝑂𝑤𝑖𝑦𝑒𝑦𝑒) 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑘𝑜𝑤𝑠𝑘𝑖𝑖 green phenotype. Photos by Vasco Gomes. https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100087533316521
𝑅𝑖𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 (𝑂𝑤𝑖𝑦𝑒𝑦𝑒) 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑘𝑜𝑤𝑠𝑘𝑖𝑖 orange phenotype. Photos by Vasco Gomes. https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100087533316521
Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published in the Killi-Data Series (2023). https://www.killi-data.org/index.php
#NewSpeciesAlert #NewFishSpecies #NewSpecies #Taxonomy #Biodiversity #Ichthyology #Aquarium #AquariumHobby #Fishkeeping #Fishkeeper #Aquarist #Killifish #Killifishes #Rivulus #Owiyeye #VaupésRiver #Columbia #Rivulidae

==========================

Foxaspis novemura • Postcranial Disparity of galeaspids (Galeaspida) and the Evolution of Swimming Speeds in Stem-gnathostomes


Foxaspis novemura
Gai, Lin, Shan, Ferrón & Donoghue, 2023

DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad050 
 Researchgate.net/publication/368895582

Abstract
Galeaspids are extinct jawless relatives of living jawed vertebrates whose contribution to understanding the evolutionary assembly of the gnathostome bodyplan has been limited by absence of postcranial remains. Here, we describe Foxaspis novemura gen. et sp. nov., based on complete articulated remains from a newly discovered Konservat-Lagerstätte in the Early Devonian (Pragian, ∼410 Ma) of Guangxi, South China. F. novemura had a broad, circular dorso-ventrally compressed headshield, slender trunk and strongly asymmetrical hypochordal tail fin comprised of nine ray-like scale-covered digitations. This tail morphology contrasts with the symmetrical hypochordal tail fin of Tujiaaspis vividus, evidencing disparity in galeaspid postcranial anatomy. Analysis of swimming speed reveals galeaspids as moderately fast swimmers, capable of achieving greater cruising swimming speeds than their more derived jawless and jawed relatives. Our analyses reject the hypothesis of a driven trend towards increasingly active food acquisition which has been invoked to characterize early vertebrate evolution.

Keywords: Galeaspida, jawed vertebrates, evolution, functional morphology, phylogenetics, modelling






Class Galeaspida Tarlo, 1967
Order Polybranchiaspidiformes Liu, 1965

Family Duyunolepididae P'an et Wang, 1978

Genus Foxaspis gen. nov.

Foxaspis novemura gen. et sp. nov.
 
Etymology. After the nine-tailed fox, a creature spoken of in the ancient Chinese mythological bestiary, the Shan-hai Ching (Classic of Mountains and Seas) which is a compilation of mythic geography and myth. Latin novem meaning nine; Latin -ura, meaning tail.

Holotype. A complete headshield articulated with body and tail V30958.1a,bpreserved together with a complete arthrodiran fish (Fig.1A,B).

Locality and horizon. Tongmu Town, Jinxiu County, Laibin City, Guangxi ZhuangAutonomous Region, China, the Xiaoshan Formation, Pragian, Early Devonian (Supplementary Fig. 1).


Zhikun Gai, Xianghong Lin, Xianren Shan, Humberto G. Ferrón and Philip C. J. Donoghue. 2023. Postcranial Disparity of galeaspids and the Evolution of Swimming Speeds in Stem-gnathostomes. National Science Review. nwad050. DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad050
  Researchgate.net/publication/368895582_Postcranial_disparity_of_galeaspids_and_the_evolution_of_swimming_speeds_in_stem-gnathostomes

==========================

A new species of Parauchenoglanis (Auchenoglanididae: Siluriformes) from the Upper Lualaba River (Upper Congo), with further evidence of hidden species diversity within the genusYonela Sithole, Tobias Musschoot, Charlotte E. T. Huyghe, Albert Chakona, Emmanuel J. W. M. N. Vreven
First published: 11 April 2023
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15309urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:762B314B-31FF-4715-A186-86A14BAD2A4B
Albert Chakona and Emmanuel J. W. M. N. Vreven made an equal contribution to this work.

Read the full text
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractParauchenoglanis zebratus sp. nov. is a new species endemic to the Upper Lualaba in the Upper Congo Basin. It is distinguished from all its congeners known from the Congo Basin and adjacent basins by the presence of (1) distinctive dark-brown or black vertical bars on the lateral side of the body, at least for specimens about ≥120 mm LS, (2) a broad and triangular humeral process embedded under the skin and (3) a well-serrated pectoral-fin spine. Genetic analysis based on mtDNA COI sequences confirmed the genetic distinctiveness (2.8%–13.6% K2P genetic divergence) of P. zebratus sp. nov. from congeners within the Congo and adjacent river basins. The study also revealed additional undocumented diversity within P. ngamensis, P. pantherinus, P. punctatus and P. balayi, indicating the need for further in-depth alpha-taxonomic attention to provide more accurate species delimitations for this genus. The discovery of yet another new species endemic to the Upper Lualaba, and this well outside the currently established protected areas, highlights the critical need for further assessments to accurately document the species diversity to guide freshwater conservation prioritisation and biodiversity management in this region.

==========================

Phoxinus abanticus, a new species from the Lake Abant drainage in Türkiye (Teleostei: Leuciscidae)Davut Turan, Esra Bayçelebi, Müfit Özuluğ, Özcan Gaygusuz, İsmail Aksu
First published: 21 March 2023
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15371urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:07548D6E-7D49-45D1-BA93-A92C4E2D792A.

Read the full text
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractPhoxinus abanticus, a new species, is described from the Lake Abant basin. It is distinguished from Phoxinus species in Türkiye and adjacent waters by the presence of fewer lateral line scales (60–69, vs. 75–91 in Phoxinus colchicus, 75–90 in Phoxinus strandjae); a deeper caudal peduncle (caudal peduncle depth: 1.8–2.3 times in length, vs. 2.4–2.9 in P. colchicus; 2.5–3.2 in P. strandjae); the absence of scales in the breast of males (vs. present); and ventral body reddish in nuptial colouration pattern for male (vs. brackish). The new species, P. abanticus, is also distinguished from its closest relative, P. strandjae, by a minimum of 3.40% genetic distance in the mtDNA cytochrome b (cyt b) gene.

==========================

Species-Level Recognition and Redescription of the Kentucky Arrow Darter, Etheostoma spilotum Gilbert (Percidae: Litocara)



in Thomas, Blanton, Ghezelayagh & Near, 2023 
DOI: 10.3374/014.064.0103
  twitter.com/TJNear

 Abstract  
The Kentucky Arrow Darter, Etheostoma spilotum, endemic to the upper Kentucky River basin of eastern Kentucky, is redescribed and recognized as a distinct species closely related to E. sagitta in the upper Cumberland River basin and E. nianguae in the Osage River drainage (Missouri River basin). Originally described as a subspecies of E. nianguae, it was later considered a full species and then a subspecies of E. sagitta, based on close geographic proximity to Cumberland basin populations and overlapping meristic variation interpreted as character intergradation. We present meristic, morphometric, and genetic data that support species-level recognition of E. spilotum. It differs from E. sagitta by lower counts of total and pored lateral scales, lower counts of caudal peduncle scales, fewer second dorsal-fin rays, and fewer pectoral-fin rays. Interspecific divergence of E. spilotum and E. sagitta is further demonstrated through analyses of variation in the mitochondrial nd2 gene and species delimitation using genome-wide double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing. Although allopatrically distributed, both species inhabit upland headwater streams on the Cumberland Plateau and have similar life history characteristics. Endemism, fragmented distributions, and low densities and genetic diversity within populations make these species extremely vulnerable to anthropogenic activities. Etheostoma spilotum was federally listed as threatened in 2016 due to degradation of stream habitat and water quality in the upper Kentucky basin that has eliminated the species from a significant portion of its range.
 
KEYWORDS: Arrow Darter, Cumberland Plateau, taxonomy, species delimitation, subspecies

Matthew R. Thomas, Rebecca E. Blanton, Ava Ghezelayagh and Thomas J. Near. 2023. Species-Level Recognition and Redescription of the Kentucky Arrow Darter, Etheostoma spilotum Gilbert (Percidae: Litocara). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 64(1); 39-80. DOI: 10.3374/014.064.0103
  twitter.com/TJNear/status/1643216820495630336

==========================

Etheostoma xanthovum • A New Species of Spottail Darter (Percidae: Etheostomatinae: Etheostoma) Endemic to the Clarks River in Kentucky and Tennessee


[A] Etheostoma xanthovum
Wood, Harrington, Alley, Thomas, Simmons & Near, 2023

[C] E. oophylax, 
[D] E. chienense 
DOI: 10.3374/014.064.0102 
twitter.com/TJNear

 Abstract  
Etheostoma xanthovum, the Clarks Darter, is described as a new species endemic to the Clarks River drainage in Kentucky and Tennessee, USA. Etheostoma xanthovum was previously recognized as Etheostoma oophylax based on morphological characters. Subsequent to the description of E. oophylax, molecular phylogenetic analyses consistently resolved specimens from the Clarks River drainage and E. chienense as sister species, which together formed a sister clade to all other sampled populations of E. oophylax. Our analyses of morphological trait data, mitochondrial DNA, and genomic sampling using double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing support the distinctiveness of E. xanthovum. Morphologically, E. xanthovum differs slightly from E. oophylax in the modal number of dorsal fin rays (12 versus 11) and in the average number of scale rows around the caudal peduncle (21.8 versus 20.4). Etheostoma xanthovum does not share mitochondrial DNA haplotypes with E. oophylax or E. chienense. Phylogenomic analysis of an average of 28,448 double digest restriction-site associated DNA loci per sampled specimen resolves E. xanthovum and E. chienense as sister species, and assessment of genomic divergence supports the hypothesis that each of these two species represents a distinct and independently evolving lineage. In addition, we report a range extension of E. oophylax in the Obion River drainage, a direct tributary of the Mississippi River.

KEYWORDS: species delimitation, phylogeny, Teleostei
This new species was thought to be a population of the Guardian Darter, E. oophylax (C) but is the sister lineage of the endangered Relict Darter, E. chienense (D)

Julia E. Wood, Richard C. Harrington, Zachariah D. Alley, Matthew R. Thomas, Jeffrey W. Simmons and Thomas J. Near. 2023. A New Species of Spottail Darter Endemic to the Clarks River in Kentucky and Tennessee (Percidae: Etheostomatinae: Etheostoma). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 64(1); 11-37. DOI: 10.3374/014.064.0102
 twitter.com/TJNear/status/1643209745224925185

==========================
 

A new lacustrine ricefish from central Sulawesi, with a redescription of Oryzias marmoratus (Teleostei: Adrianichthyidae)

• Hirozumi Kobayashi, 
• Daniel F. Mokodongan, 
• Mizuki Horoiwa, 
• Shingo Fujimoto, 
• Rieko Tanaka, 
• Kawilarang W. A. Masengi & 
• Kazunori Yamahira 

Ichthyological Research (2023)Cite this article

• 56 Accesses
• Metricsdetails

AbstractOryzias loxolepis, new species, is described from Lake Towuti in the Malili Lake system, central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Historically this new species has been confused with Oryzias marmoratus (Aurich 1935), which we redescribe. While both species share dark brown blotches on a grayish-brown trunk, O. loxolepis differs from O. marmoratus in having 11 abdominal vertebrae, 12 or 13 transverse scales, a shorter caudal peduncle, terminal mouth, reduced nuchal concavity, slanted trunk scales, and a rounded male dorsal fin. Oryzias loxolepis can be also distinguished from Oryzias profundicola Kottelat 1990, another sympatric congener in Lake Towuti, in having a longer snout in both sexes, in males in having a larger head and eyes, and a black margined dorsal fin, and in females in having a shallower body depth at the anal- and dorsal-fin origins. A phylogenetic analysis based on genome-wide single nucleotide variants reveals O. loxolepis to be a sister taxon to O. profundicola rather than O. marmoratus. The identities of specimens historically referred to “O. marmoratus” in previous genetic studies are re-evaluated.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

==========================

Chromatic polymorphism in Trichomycterus albinotatus (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae), a mountain catfish from south-eastern Brazil and the role of colouration characters in trichomycterine taxonomy


Wilson J. E. M. Costa, José Leonardo O. Mattos, Pedro F. Amorim, Beatrizz O. Mesquita, Axel M. KatzAbstractColouration is an important tool for systematists inferring species limits and phylogenetic relationships of teleost fishes, but the use of colouration variation in trichomycterine catfish systematics has generated some controversy. We first report and describe the occurrence of four, geographically disjunct colour morphs in Trichomycterus albinotatus, endemic to south-eastern Brazil, as well as ontogenetic colouration change in each morph. A phylogenetic analysis using a cytb fragment (1098 bp) for 23 specimens representing all colour morphs and four outgroups did not support any correlation between colour morphs and lineages, with different colour morphs sharing identical haplotypes. This study indicated that young adult specimens found in lighter habitats had white and brown to black spots on the flank, whereas similar-sized specimens inhabiting darker habitats had white spots inconspicuous or absent and dark brown or black spots expanded. Individuals above about 65 mm SL of all populations had flank white marks less conspicuous or absent and cryptic habits during daylight, contrasting with smaller individuals with white marks and actively swimming above the substrate. Literature data indicate that ontogenetic colouration and habit changes occur in different trichomycterid lineages. Our data thus show that colouration may be problematic in taxonomical studies, although often being consistently used to diagnose species and clades. We conclude that colouration should not be discarded a priori as evidence of trichomycterine relationships and species limits, but should be used with caution in systematic studies, being necessary additional evidence, such as osteological characters or molecular data.

Link for full papaer doi.org/10.3897/zse.99.98341

​============================

Uropterygius cyamommatus, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Australia, and Panglao Island, the Philippines

Wen-Chien Huang1,2, Te-Yu Liao3 & Heok Hui Tan4*

Abstract. Uropterygius cyamommatus, new species, is described based on nine specimens from limestone anchialine caves in Christmas Island and Panglao Island. This species is a small-sized, elongated moray eel belonging to the uniform brown-coloured species group of the genus. It differs from all congeners of Uropterygius in having very small eyes (3.0–4.6% of head length), a relatively long tail (56.3–61.1% of total length), and a comparatively large number of vertebrae (total vertebrae 141–149). The new species represents the first-recorded moray eel that inhabits anchialine caves. Key words. eastern Indian Ocean, Elopomorpha, Uropterygiinae, western Pacific Ocean RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 71: 268–278 Date of publication: 29 March 2023 DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2023-0021 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:887FBA2D-60F5-4CEE-B5F0-047EE6B9709D © National University of Singapore ISSN 2345-7600 (electronic) | ISSN 0217-2445 (print) INTRODUCTION Nelson (1966) divided the family Muraenidae into two subfamilies, Muraeninae and Uropterygiinae, according to the absence and presence of hypobranchial in the former and the latter, respectively. More morphological characteristics were subsequently defined for recognising Uropterygiinae, in which the very short dorsal and anal fins that are restricted to the posterior portion of the caudal region are the most used diagnostic characters (Böhlke et al., 1989). Most moray eels in the subfamily Uropterygiinae are small-sized species (< 80 cm) that reclusively inhabit shallow waters (< 60 metres), and they usually possess either a reticulate (comprised of pale snowflake-like blotches) or uniform brown colouration pattern, leading to much difficulty in identification and a highly underestimated diversity (Smith et al., 2019). Compared to 188 valid species (22 were newly described in the last decade) in the subfamily Muraeninae, there are only 36 species within the Uropterygiinae, and it has been more than ten years since the most recent species was described (Reece et al., 2010; Fricke et al., 2022). Uropterygius Rüppell, 1838 is the largest genus of the Uropterygiinae which contains 21 valid species (Smith, 2012). Among them, five species exhibit very si
full paper at:- lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RBZ-2023-0021.pdf

==========================

Glyptothorax irroratus, a new species of rheophilic catfish from the Mekong River drainage (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Sisoridae)Heok Hee Ng
 &
Maurice Kottelat

Pages 358-371 | Received 04 Aug 2022, Accepted 25 Feb 2023, Published online: 29 Mar 2023

• Download citation


• https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2023.2186278


• CrossMark

 

•  Full Article


•  Figures & data


•  References


•  Supplemental


•  Citations


•  Metrics


•  Reprints & Permissions


• Get access

ABSTRACTGlyptothorax irroratus, a new species of sisorid catfish from the Mekong River drainage in Laos and China, is described. It differs from its Indochinese congeners in having both large and small tubercles arranged irregularly on the lateral surfaces of the body and by combinations of colour pattern, morphometry (with particular regards to the eye, body depth, adipose fin and caudal peduncle) and thoracic adhesive apparatus morphology.
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1031A8CE-F51D-4954-A812-14EE132371BA
KEYWORDS: 

• Sisoroidea
• Sisorinae
• Bagariini
• Mekong River

Previous articleView issue table of contentsNext articleAcknowledgementsWe are grateful to the curators and collection managers of the institutions whose material we examined in this study for permission to examine material under their care. We also thank Wansheng Jiang for sharing data on Chinese Glyptothorax, and Walter Rainboth for permission to use the base map in Figure 4. Most material of the new species was collected by MK as a by-product of surveys for various hydropower projects between 1996 and 2018, with the assistance of numerous company staff, fishermen, villagers, boat operators, drivers, etc. MK thanks Thavone Phommavong for his valuable and persistent help and companionship in the field over the last 10 years.
Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2023.2186278
Additional informationFundingThe authors reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.

==========================

Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis • A New Short Brown Unpatterned Moray Eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from the southeast coast of India, Bay of Bengal


Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis 
 Kodeeswaran, Kantharajan, Mohapatra, Ajith Kumar & Sarkar, 2023

DOI: 10.3897/zse.99.100461

Abstract
Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis sp. nov., a new species of short brown unpatterned moray, is described, based on four specimens ranging from 272–487 mm total length collected from the trawl bycatch landings at Mudasalodai fish landing centre, off Cuddalore coast, Tamil Nadu, southeast coast of India. The new species is distinguished by the following combination of characters: origin of dorsal fin at middle of rictus and gill opening, anus just before mid-body, series of lines of small dark spots present on head and a single line of black spot-on mid-line of body, jaw pores with white rim, anal-fin margin whitish, 3 pre-dorsal vertebrae, 56–59 pre-anal vertebrae and 139–150 total vertebrae. The new species differs from its known Indian water congeners by having series of lines of small dark spots present on the head and a single line of black spots on the mid-line of the body (vs. absent in all the three congeners in India), serrated teeth (vs. smooth), jaw pores with white rim (vs. black to brown in others) and higher vertebral count (139–150 vs. 134–138 in others). Our morphological and molecular analyses show that the new species forms a distinct clade from its congeners and these data support the status as a new species.

Key Words: Elopomorpha, molecular analyses, Tamil Nadu, unpatterned moray
 
 

Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis sp. nov. 
holotype, NBFGR/MURGTAM, 487.8 mm TL, fresh colouration, collected from Mudasalodai fish landing centre, off Cuddalore, Bay of Bengal.

Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis sp. nov.
  Proposed common name: Tamil Nadu brown moray

Diagnosis: A new species of a short brown unpatterned moray eel with the following combination of characters: series of lines of small dark spots present on head and a single line of black spots on mid-line of body, origin of dorsal fin at middle of rictus and gill opening, anus just before mid-body, pre-anal length 45.7–47.4% TL, snout blunt and very short, 6.5–7.7 mm in HL, eye small, teeth serrated, uniserial, ethomovomerine teeth five on each side with one tooth on mid-point, vomerine with eight teeth in a series, jaw pores with white rim, anal-fin margin whitish, 3 pre-dorsal vertebrae, 56–59 pre-anal vertebrae, 139–150 total vertebrae.

Distribution: Indian Ocean: off Cuddalore Coast, Bay of Bengal, southeast coast of India. The species were collected at a depth of about 25–30 metres.

Etymology: The species is named “tamilnaduensis” with reference to the state Tamil Nadu from where it was collected.


 Paramasivam Kodeeswaran, Ganesan Kantharajan, Anil Mohapatra, T. T. Ajith Kumar and Uttam Kumar Sarkar. 2023. A New Short Brown Unpatterned Moray Eel (Anguilliformes, Muraenidae) from the southeast coast of India, Bay of Bengal. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 99(1): 253-260. DOI: 10.3897/zse.99.100461

​==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5252.1.1
PUBLISHED: 2023-03-08
Review of Indo-West Pacific jawfishes (Opistognathus: Opistognathidae), with descriptions of 18 new species

• WILLIAM F. SMITH-VANIZ+

TAXONOMYZOOGEOGRAPHYENDEMISMBEHAVIOROPISTOGNATHIDAE

• PDF(153M)

AbstractSixty species of jawfishes (Opistognathus) from the Indo-West Pacific are reported in an updated review, including descriptions of 18 new species: Opistognathus albomaculatus n.sp., O. asper n.sp., O. aurolineatus n.sp., O. bathyphilus n.sp., O. biporus n.sp., O. challenger n.sp., O. erdmanni n.sp., O. flavidus n.sp., O. helvolus n.sp., O. hyalinus n.sp., O. megalops n.sp., O. microspilus n.sp., O. nigripinnis n.sp., O. parvus n.sp., O. pholeter n.sp., O. triops n.sp., O. vigilax n.sp., and O. wassi n.sp.. Species accounts are provided for each species, including illustrations or color photographs, complete synonymies, specimens examined (or appropriate citation if previously published in detail), diagnosis, comparisons, etymology, and distribution maps. Geographic range extensions are reported for a number of species. An identification key is given for all species and frequency tables of important characters are also provided. The taxonomic status of Opistognathus inornatus and O. rosenbergii annulatus are discussed in detail but not completely resolved pending unavailable molecular data. Geographic variation is also described for Opistognathus adelus, O. albomaculatus n.sp., O. castelnaui, O. margaretae, O. variabilis, and O. vigilax n.sp. Many species are known only from holotypes and others from single localities, indicating how much more remains to be known about these jawfishes

==========================

Nemateleotris lavandula • Synopsis of the ptereleotrine Goby Genus Nemateleotris (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae), with Description of A New Species from the western and central Pacific Ocean


A, N. helfrichi, underwater photograph from Rarotonga, Cook Islands; B, Nemateleotris lavandula, new species, underwater photograph from Siaes Tunnel, Palau;
C, head profiles of N. helfrichi (left) and N. lavandula, new species, (right) showing difference in colouration of the head and maxilla; D, N. magnifica, underwater photograph from Bali;
E–F, N. decora, showing variability in colouration of the anterior body, underwater photograph from Fiji and the Maldives (the latter = N. exquisita sensu Randall & Connell, 2013) respectively.


 Tea & Larson, 2023
 RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 71;
  twitter.com/FishGuyKai 

Photographs by: A, P.Jaletzky; B, R. Spangler; C, Y.K. Tea; D, V. Chalias; E, J. Heard; F, M. Harada.

 Abstract
 Nemateleotris lavandula, new species, is described on the basis of the holotype from Augulupelu Reef, Palau, and twelve paratypes from across the western and central Pacific Ocean, including Fiji, Guam, Japan, and the Marshall Islands. The new species was previously confused with Nemateleotris helfrichi, but molecular analysis of mitochondrial COI reveals a difference of 1% in sequence data between both species, in addition to differences in morphometric measurements, live, and preserved colouration details. Both species are allopatric and do not overlap in distribution. The new species is readily separated from all congeners based on the following combination of characters: body lavender to lilac in life; maxilla unmarked, bright yellow in life; caudal fin truncate to weakly emarginate, unmarked, pale yellowish green in life; and snout, lower jaw, preopercle, and postorbital region bright yellow in life. We comment on the relationships among species of Nemateleotris, the taxonomic status of N. exquisita, and the doubtful identity of Zagadkogobius ourlazon. A revised key to species of Nemateleotris is provided. 

Key words. dartfish, mesophotic, gobioid, Ptereleotrinae, Microdesminae


head profiles of N. helfrichi (left) and N. lavandula, new species, (right)
showing difference in colouration of the head and maxilla


A–C, Nemateleotris helfrichi; D–F, Nemateleotris lavandula, new species.
A, BPBM 11595, holotype, 43.3 mm SL, Tahiti, Society Islands; B, USNM 410981, 35.6 mm SL, Moorea, Society Islands, French Polynesia; C, ZRC 61811, 62.4 mm SL, aquarium specimen from the Cook Islands;
D, BPBM 10153, paratype (also paratype of N. helfrichi), 30.9 mm SL, Rigili Islet, Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands; E–F, ZRC 62990, paratypes, 36.1 mm SL and 29.8 mm SL respectively, aquarium specimens from Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands, Micronesia.
Photographs by: A, C, D, J.E. Randall; B, J.T. Williams; E, F, H.H. Tan.

Nemateleotris lavandula, new species 
Lavender-blushed Dartfish

Diagnosis. Nemateleotris lavandula is most similar to N. helfrichi, sharing with it the following combination of characters and live colouration details to the exclusion of all other Nemateleotris: caudal fin truncate to weakly emarginate; dorsoposterior ctenoid scales with fewer than 10 ctenii; elevated portion of first dorsal fin blue on anterior edge; median fins pale yellowish green, caudal fin without any markings, outermost edge of second dorsal and anal fin tipped with a yellow or orange spot, one in each interradial membrane space; body lavender to lilac in life; pelvic fins black-tipped; dorsal edge of iris with a black mark at 1 o’clock position, sometimes continuing onto interorbital space as a short streak. It is readily separated from N. helfrichi and all other congeners based on the following: maxilla unmarked (bright yellow in life, pale tan in preservation); and snout, lower jaw, preopercle, and postorbital region bright yellow in life.

Etymology. The species is named lavandula, after the genus of Lavandula flowering plants which includes the ornamental herb lavender, in reference to its beautiful colouration in life. To be treated as a noun in apposition.


Species of Nemateleotris and their putative hybrids.
A, N. helfrichi, underwater photograph from Rarotonga, Cook Islands; B, N. lavandula, new species, underwater photograph from Siaes Tunnel, Palau;
C, head profiles of N. helfrichi (left) and N. lavandula, new species, (right) showing difference in colouration of the head and maxilla; D, N. magnifica, underwater photograph from Bali;
E–F, N. decora, showing variability in colouration of the anterior body, underwater photograph from Fiji and the Maldives (the latter = N. exquisita sensu Randall & Connell, 2013) respectively;
G, putative N. magnifica × N. decora, underwater photograph from Izu Peninsula, Japan; H, putative N. magnifica × N. lavandula, new species, underwater photograph from Okinoerabu Island, Japan.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5254.4.2
PUBLISHED: 2023-03-14
Glyptothorax sardashtensis, a new species of torrent catfish from the upper Lesser Zab drainage in Iran (Teleostei: Sisoridae)

• MILAD JOKAR+
• BARZAN BAHRAMI KAMANGAR+
• EDRIS GHADERI+
• JÖRG FREYHOF+

PISCESCYTOCHROME C OXIDASE IFRESHWATER FISHMIDDLE EASTTAXONOMY

• PDF(9M)

AbstractGlyptothorax sardashtensis, new species, from the upper Lesser Zab in Iran, is distinguished from its congeners in the Persian Gulf basin by: a plain flank without black or brown blotches; a wide and round anterior margin of the medial pit in the thoracic adhesive apparatus; few, short median striae in the thoracic adhesive apparatus; three yellowish blotches arranged in a crescent-shaped arch on the nuchal plate in front of the dorsal-fin origin; no tubercles on the head and flank; and a short adipose fin. The new species is also distinguished by a minimum K2P sequence divergence of 2.16% in the mtDNA-COI barcode region from G. daemon and G. galaxias, its closest relatives. Glyptothorax kurdistanicus is re-discovered close to its type locality.

==========================

Euchiloglanis nami • A New Species of Euchiloglanis Regan, 1907 (Siluriformes: Sisoridae) from Vietnam


Euchiloglanis nami  
 Tran, Nguyen, Dang, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2023

  Acta-Zoologica-Bulgarica.eu

Abstract
 A new species of sisorid catfish of the genus Euchiloglanis is described from the Gam River, a tributary of the Red River in northern Vietnam. Euchiloglanis nami sp. n. differs from all the species placed in Euchiloglanis and Chimarrichthys by having elongated papilae on the ventral part of maxillary barbell. Euchiloglanis nami is distinguished from E. longibarbatus by having a wider premaxillary tooth band without indentation and the tip of the maxillary barbell reaching pectoral fin origin. The new species differs from E. davidi and E. kishinouyei by the depth of the caudal peduncle equal to 20.26–27.40 % of the caudalpeduncle length. It also differs from E. dorsoarcus by the anal-fin position being closer to the caudal-fin base than to the pelvic fin. From E. phongthoensis, it differs by the distance from the adipose-fin origin to the dorsal-fin insertion close to 50 % of the length of the adipose-fin base. In addition, E. nami differs from E. longus by having a wider premaxillary tooth band without indentation, shorter caudal peduncle (20.7 % SL), higher caudal peduncle depth (5.0 % SL), shorter distance between dorsal-fin insertion to adiposefin origin (14.8 % SL), shorter distance from snout to adipose-fin origin (57.4 % SL), shorter pelvic fins length (15.9 % SL) reaching the anus or a little beyond anus, longer adipose-fin base length (33.2 % SL) and narrower interorbital width (24.6 % SL). The new species is the first record of the genus Euchiloglanis in the Gam-Lo River system and is the third species in the genus from Vietnam. 

Key words: Euchiloglanis nami sp. n., new species, Glyptosterminae, Black River, Gam River


Euchiloglanis nami sp. n., HNUE-F00283, holotype, 142.3 mm SL; Phia Oac-Phia Den National Park; Cao Bang Prov., Vietnam. Dorsal, ventral and lateral views. Scale bar 10 mm.


Euchiloglanis nami sp. n., HNUE-F00283, holotype, 142.3 mm SL; Phia Oac-Phia Den National Park; Cao Bang Prov., Vietnam. Dorsal, ventral and lateral views.   Scale bar 10 mm.
Ventral profile of the head part of the holotype.
Ventral view of premaxillary tooth band of Euchiloglanis nami 
collected from the Gam River of the Red River, northern Vietnam.

Euchiloglanis nami sp. n.
 
Diagnosis. Euchiloglanis nami sp. n. can be distinguished from congeners by the following unique combination of characteristics: D. i, 6; A. i, 4; P. i, 15–16; C. 16; wider premaxillary tooth band without indentation (Fig. 4); elongate and threadlike maxillary barbell with pointed tip reaching to pectoral fin origin; elongated papilae ventral part of maxillary barbell; anal-fin origin closer to caudalfin base than to pelvic-fin insertion; distance from adipose-fin origin to dorsal-fin insertion close to 50% of length of adipose-fin base; depth of caudal peduncle equal to 20.26–27.40% of length of caudal peduncle; shorter dorsal-fin insertion to adipose-fin origin (12.05–15.90% SL); shorter caudal-fin length (11.53–13.42% SL); longer adipose-fin base length (31.81–35.74% SL); adipose fin not connected with caudal-fin base; pelvic fins reaching anus or a little beyond anus; narrower interorbital width (20.97– 29.45% HL).

Etymology. The specific name is in honour of the young ichthyologist and our best friend Mr. Chu Hoang Nam. The species name is a noun in genitive case. 


Hau Duc Tran, Duc Huu Nguyen, Huong Thanh Thi Dang, Huy Quang Nguyen and Nga Thi Nguyen. 2023. A New Species of Euchiloglanis Regan, 1907 (Actinopterygii: Sisoridae) from Vietnam. ACTA ZOOLOGICA BULGARICA [Acta Zool. Bulg.]. in press
  https://Acta-Zoologica-Bulgarica.eu/articles 
 acta-zoologica-bulgarica.eu/2023/002608

​==========================

Aborichthys uniobarensis • A New Species of River Loach (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, Indiaia


Aborichthys uniobarensis 
Nanda, Machahary, Tamang & Das. 2021

www.AJCB.in 
 facebook.com/DNGCZoology 
 Researchgate.net/publication/352984320

ABSTRACT 
A new species of nemacheilid loach, Aborichthys uniobarensis, is described from the Senkhi stream, upper Brahmaputra basin in Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. Aborichthys uniobarensis is distinguished from all congeners by the presence of 6–14 fused oblique bars along the dorso-lateral margin of the body, 21–28 oblique bars along the flank, vent closer to the snout tip than to the caudal fin base and caudal fin oval shaped with upper half more extended than lower. 

Key words: Cypriniformes, Eastern Himalaya, Brahmaputra River, Northeastern, India


Aborichthys uniobarensis sp. nov., EBRC/ZSI/F 12607, holotype (male), 83.9 mm;
 a, lateral, b, dorsal, and c, ventral views 

Aborichthys uniobarensis sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Aborichthys uniobarensis is diagnosed from all congeners by the presence of 6–14 fused oblique bars along the dorso-lateral margin of the body (vs. rarely fused). Further, it chiefly differs from all congeners by the following combination of characters: 21–28 oblique bars on the body, dorsal and ventral adipose crests low, vent closer to the snout tip than to the caudal-fn base, caudal fin oval shaped with upper half more extended than lower, and comprised of two concentric black to light brown bars in male.

Etymology: The species name is from the Latin unio means ‘fuse or meet‘, and barensis refer to vertical oblique bars along the body, in allusion to most of the paired bars dorsally fused. A noun in apposition.


Prasanta Nanda, Krima Queen Machahary, Lakpa Tamang and Debangshu Narayan Das. 2021. Aborichthys uniobarensis, A New Species of River Loach (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology. 10(1); 3-9. DOI: 10.53562/ajcb.ASHI9566 www.AJCB.in/archive_july_21.php
https://doi.org/10.53562/ajcb.ASHI9566
 facebook.com/DNGCZoology/posts/1359161704460360   Researchgate.net/publication/352984320_Aborichthys_uniobarensis_a_new_species_of_river_loach_from_Arunachal_Pradesh_India

​==========================

 Hyneria udlezinye • A high Latitude Gondwanan Species of the Late Devonian tristichopterid Hyneria (Osteichthyes: Sarcopterygii) from South Africa

 Hyneria udlezinye
Gess & Ahlberg, 2023

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281333
Painting by Maggie Newman

Abstract
We describe the largest bony fish in the Late Devonian (late Famennian) fossil assemblage from Waterloo Farm near Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa. It is a giant member of the extinct clade Tristichopteridae (Sarcopterygii: Tetrapodomorpha) and most closely resembles Hyneria lindae from the late Famennian Catskill Formation of Pennsylvania, USA. Notwithstanding the overall similarity, it can be distinguished from H. lindae on a number of morphological points and is accordingly described as a new species, Hyneria udlezinye sp. nov. The preserved material comprises most of the dermal skull, lower jaw, gill cover and shoulder girdle. The cranial endoskeleton appears to have been unossified and is not preserved, apart from a fragment of the hyoid arch adhering to a subopercular, but the postcranial endoskeleton is represented by an ulnare, some semi-articulated neural spines, and the basal plate of a median fin. The discovery of H. udlezinye shows that Hyneria is a cosmopolitan genus extending into the high latitudes of Gondwana, not a Euramerican endemic. It supports the contention that the derived clade of giant tristichopterids, which alongside Hyneria includes such genera as Eusthenodon, Edenopteron and Mandageria, originated in Gondwana.

Systematic palaeontology
OSTEICHTHYES Huxley, 1880
SARCOPTERYGII Romer, 1955

TETRAPODOMORPHA Ahlberg, 1989
TRISTICHOPTERIDAE Cope, 1889

Diagnosis— Tetrapodomorph sarcopterygians with postspiracular bone present, vomers with long caudal process clasping the parasphenoid, circular scales with a median boss, and an elongate body with a trifurcate or rhombic caudal fin (modified from [3]).

HYNERIA Thomson, 1968

Type species— Hyneria lindae Thomson, 1968; Hyner, Pennsylvania, USA.





AM6540b and AM6528a, the two main blocks of the holotype of Hyneria udlezinye.
Each block also has a counterpart (not illustrated). A, AM6540b. Unlabelled bones all belong to a single large individual of the arthrodire placoderm Groenlandaspis riniensis [Long, et al. 1997]. B, AM6528a. This block also carries a jugal of the tetrapod Umzantsia amazana [Gess & Ahlberg, 2018] and a paranuchal of a small individual of Groenlandaspis riniensis.


Skull reconstruction of Hyneria udlezinye.
Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views, drawn from photographs of a three-dimensional model, scaled to the size of the holotype.
Abbreviations: An, anocleithrum; Ang, angular; Cl, clavicle; Cle, cleithrum; De, dentary; It, intertemporal; Ju, jugal; La, lacrimal; M.Pr, median postrostral; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercular; Pa, parietal; Pi, pineal; Po, postorbital; Pop, preopercular; Pospl, postsplenial; Pp-St-Ta, postparietal, supratemporal and tabular (sutures not visible); Qj, qudratojugal; Sop, subopercular; Sq, squamosal; Sur, surangular.

Hyneria udlezinye sp. nov.  
"Probable eusthenopterid" [Gess & Hiller, 1995]
"Close to Eusthenodon" [Anderson, et al., 1999]
"Similar to Hyneria" [Gess & Coates, 2008]
"cf Hyneria" [Gess, 2011]
"Hyneria-like" [Gess & Whitfield, 2020]

Diagnosis--A very large tristichopterid, closely resembling Hyneria lindae but differing from it in the following respects: postparietal shield widening more strongly from anterior to posterior; lateral corner of tabular weakly developed; preopercular and lacrimal proportionally deeper; denticulated field on parasphenoid extends further anteriorly; subopercular more shallow; dentary fangs proportionately larger.

Etymology— an apposition, from isiXhosa ‘udlezinye’, meaning ‘one who eats others’, referring to the inferred predatory lifestyle of the species. IsiXhosa is the widely spoken indigenous language of south-eastern South Africa where the fossil locality is located.





Life reconstruction of the non-marine component of the Waterloo Farm biota. Hyneria udlezinye is shown together with the tetrapods Umzantsia amazana and Tutusius umlambo [Gess & Ahlberg, 2018], the placoderms Groenlandaspis riniensis and Bothriolepis africana [Long, et al., 1997], the coelacanth Serenichthys kowiensis [Gess & Coates, 2015], the lungfish Isityumzi mlomomde [Gess & Clemen, 2019], and a cyrtoctenid eurypterid.
Painting by Maggie Newman, copyright R. W. Gess.

Conclusion: 
The largest osteichthyan member of the Waterloo Farm vertebrate assemblage, a predatory sarcopterygian with a probable maximum length of nearly three metres, proves to be a new species of the genus Hyneria. This genus is otherwise only recorded from the late Famennian Catskill Formation of Pennsylvania. The new species, Hyneria udlezinye, differs from the type species Hyneria lindae in a number of minor but securely attested proportional characters relating to the skull roof, cheek, lower jaw and operculum. Hyneria now joins Eusthenodon and Langlieria as one of the derived, late, giant tristichopterids known from both Euramerica and Gondwana. The other confirmed members of this clade (Mandageria, Cabonnichthys and Edenopteron) are exclusively known from Gondwana. This strongly supports the contention that this clade represents a Gondwanan radiation [Olive, et al. 2020].

Hyneria udlezinye is the first tristichopterid to be recorded from a high palaeolatitude, all other members of the group coming from palaeoequatorial to mid-palaeolatitude localities. All previously recorded Gondwanan members of the derived tristichopterid clade come from Australia, leading Olive et al. [2020] to argue for an Australian origin for this clade. The new evidence from Waterloo Farm, however, suggests that a more general Gondwanan origin for this clade is highly likely. This once again demonstrates how inferences about biogeographical patterns have historically been skewed by a paucity of data from high-palaeolatitude localities. Such data can only come from Gondwana, as no continents extended into northern high latitudes during the Devonian. The Waterloo Farm lagerstätte provides a unique window into an almost unknown part of the Late Devonian world.


Robert W. Gess and Per E. Ahlberg. 2023. A high Latitude Gondwanan Species of the Late Devonian tristichopterid Hyneria (Osteichthyes: Sarcopterygii). PLoS ONE. 18(2): e0281333. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281333

==========================

Phylogenetic Relationships of the North American Catfishes (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae): Investigating the Origins and Parallel Evolution of the Troglodytic Species


Noturus, Prietella, Pylodictis, Satan, Trogloglanis, Ameiurus, Ictalurus 
Phylogeographic sketch of extant Ictaluridae based on relationships supported in this study

in Janzen, Pérez-Rodríguez, Domínguez-Domínguez, Hendrickson, Sabaj & Blouin-Demers, 2023. 
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107746
Photos by D.A. Hendrickson, J. Krejca, Zara Environmental LLC., M.H. Sabaj, G.W. Sneegas and M.R. Thomas.
 
Highlights: 
• The known cave species of Ictaluridae currently form a polyphyletic clade.
• A minimum of two cave invasions occurred by surface-dwelling ancestors.
• Two sister cave species likely resulted from subterranean dispersal between caves.
• Transient connectivity of aquifers acted as a sufficient barrier for speciation.
• Prietella species do not form a sister pair, indicating a need for reclassification.

Abstract
Insular habitats have played an important role in developing evolutionary theory, including natural selection and island biogeography. Caves are insular habitats that place extreme selective pressures on organisms due to the absence of light and food scarcity. Therefore, cave organisms present an excellent opportunity for studying colonization and speciation in response to the unique abiotic conditions that require extreme adaptations. One vertebrate family, the North American catfishes (Ictaluridae), includes four troglodytic species that inhabit the karst region bordering the western Gulf of Mexico. The phylogenetic relationships of these species have been contentious, and conflicting hypotheses have been proposed to explain their origins. The purpose of our study was to construct a time-calibrated phylogeny of Ictaluridae using first-occurrence fossil data and the largest molecular dataset on the group to date. We test the hypothesis that troglodytic ictalurids have evolved in parallel, thus resulting from repeated cave colonization events. We found that Prietella lundbergi is sister to surface-dwelling Ictalurus and that Prietella phreatophila + Trogloglanis pattersoni are sister to surface-dwelling Ameiurus, suggesting that ictalurids colonized subterranean habitats at least twice in evolutionary history. The sister relationship between Prietella phreatophila and Trogloglanis pattersoni may indicate that these two species diverged from a common ancestor following a subterranean dispersal event between Texas and Coahuila aquifers. We recovered Prietella as a polyphyletic genus and recommend P. lundbergi be removed from this genus. With respect to Ameiurus, we found evidence for a potentially undescribed species sister to A. platycephalus, which warrants further investigation of Atlantic and Gulf slope Ameiurus species. In Ictalurus, we identified shallow divergence between I. dugesii and I. ochoterenai, I. australis and I. mexicanus, and I. furcatus and I. meridionalis, indicating a need to reexamine the validity of each species. Lastly, we propose minor revisions to the intrageneric classification of Noturus including the restriction of subgenus Schilbeodes to N. gyrinus (type species), N. lachneri, N. leptacanthus, and N. nocturnus.
 
Keywords: Aquifer, Biogeography, Hypogean, Insular habitats, Speciation, Time-calibrated phylogeny



Phylogeographic sketch of extant Ictaluridae based on relationships supported in this study (solid lines) or inferred from previous ones (dashed line).
Branch lengths proportional to those in Fig. 2; circles denote common ancestor of respective genus. Distribution maps of epigean genera (gray) and hypogean species (red) derived from Burr et al. (2020).
Photos by D.A. Hendrickson (Prietella lundbergi), J. Krejca, Zara Environmental LLC. (Prietella phreatophila), M.H. Sabaj (Noturus, Pylodictis), G.W. Sneegas (Satan, Trogloglanis) and M.R. Thomas (Ameiurus, Ictalurus).


Francesco H. Janzen, Rodolfo Pérez-Rodríguez, Omar Domínguez-Domínguez, Dean A. Hendrickson, Mark H. Sabaj and Gabriel Blouin-Demers. 2023. Phylogenetic Relationships of the North American Catfishes (Ictaluridae, Siluriformes): Investigating the Origins and Parallel Evolution of the Troglodytic Species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 107746. DOI:  10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107746

==========================

Systematics and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of the Enigmatic Late Jurassic Shark Protospinax annectans Woodward, 1918 with Comments on the Shark–Ray Sister Group Relationship


Protospinax annectans Woodward, 1918


in Jambura, Villalobos-Segura, Türtscher, Begat, ... et Kriwet, 2023. 
 DOI: 10.3390/d15030311

Abstract
The Late Jurassic elasmobranch Protospinax annectans is often regarded as a key species to our understanding of crown group elasmobranch interrelationships and the evolutionary history of this group. However, since its first description more than 100 years ago, its phylogenetic position within the Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) has proven controversial, and a closer relationship between Protospinax and each of the posited superorders (Batomorphii, Squalomorphii, and Galeomorphii) has been proposed over the time. Here we revise this controversial taxon based on new holomorphic specimens from the Late Jurassic Konservat-Lagerstätte of the Solnhofen Archipelago in Bavaria (Germany) and review its skeletal morphology, systematics, and phylogenetic interrelationships. A data matrix with 224 morphological characters was compiled and analyzed under a molecular backbone constraint. Our results indicate a close relationship between Protospinax, angel sharks (Squatiniformes), and saw sharks (Pristiophoriformes). However, the revision of our morphological data matrix within a molecular framework highlights the lack of morphological characters defining certain groups, especially sharks of the order Squaliformes, hampering the phylogenetic resolution of Protospinax annectans with certainty. Furthermore, the monophyly of modern sharks retrieved by molecular studies is only weakly supported by morphological data, stressing the need for more characters to align morphological and molecular studies in the future.

Keywords: phylogenetics; elasmobranch evolution; calibration fossil; molecular backbone constraint; hypnosqualea; Mesozoic; Solnhofen Archipelago; Konservat-Lagerstätte


New fossil skeletal material of Protospinax annectans Woodward, 1918 examined in this study.
 (A) PBP-SOL-8007; (B) MB 14-12-22-1; (C) UMN uncatalogued; (D) JME-SOS 3386; (E,F) FSM 727.
Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; dfs, dorsal fin spine; sne, supraneuralia; vc, vertebral column.


Environmental reconstruction of the Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Solnhofen Archipelago, showing Protospinax annectans in association with the Late Jurassic ray Asterodermus platypterus.
 
 
 Patrick L. Jambura, Eduardo Villalobos-Segura, Julia Türtscher, Arnaud Begat, Manuel Andreas Staggl, Sebastian Stumpf, René Kindlimann, Stefanie Klug, Frederic Lacombat, Burkhard Pohl, John G. Maisey, Gavin J. P. Naylor and Jürgen Kriwet. 2023. Systematics and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of the Enigmatic Late Jurassic Shark Protospinax annectans Woodward, 1918 with Comments on the Shark–Ray Sister Group Relationship. Diversity. 15(3); 311. DOI: 10.3390/d15030311
(the Special Issue: Evolution and Diversity of Fishes in Deep Time)

==========================

Nemacheilus pullus, a new species of loach from central Laos (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae)

Maurice Kottelat

Abstract.

Nemacheilus pullus, new species, is described from the Nam Ngiep and Nam Xan watersheds, Mekong drainage, in central Laos. It was earlier misidentified as N. platiceps. It is distinguished from congeners in having an incomplete lateral line, with 23–57 pores, reaching between verticals of pelvic-fin origin and of anus; anterior nare at tip of a short tube; body plain yellowish grey in life in adults; a conspicuous suborbital flap in males; small tubercles on anterior pectoral-fin rays and on flank. It was found in habitats with moderate flow, usually small streams, on mud to stone bottoms. An informal platiceps group is recognised, including N. platiceps, N. cac

website DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2023-0009​
==========================

New species of Rhyacoglanis (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae) from the upper rio Tocantins basin

Oscar Akio ShibattaLenice Souza-ShibattaABOUT THE AUTHORSAbstractA new species of Rhyacoglanis from the upper rio Tocantins basin is described based on morphological and molecular data. The new species differs from the congeners by its color pattern, caudal fin shape, hypural bones fusion pattern, pectoral-fin spine shape, and barcode sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). In this study, two putative monophyletic groups of Rhyacoglanis are proposed based on morphology, one consisting of species with a short post-cleithral process and caudal fin with rounded lobes, Rhyacoglanis epiblepsis and R. rapppydanielae, and the other with a longer post-cleithral process and caudal fin with pointed lobes, R. annulatus, R. paranensis, R. pulcher, R. seminiger, and the new species described herein.
Keywords:
Biodiversity; Bumblebee catfish; Ostariophysi; Systematics; Taxonomy
INTRODUCTIONPseudopimelodidae Fernández-Yépez & Antón, 1966 is a small family of Neotropical catfishes with 54 known species (Shibatta et al., 2021a,b). It comprises six genera, distributed in the subfamilies Pseudopimelodinae (CruciglanisOrtega-Lara & Lehmann, 2006, Pseudopimelodus Bleeker, 1858, and Rhyacoglanis Shibatta & Vari, 2017) and Batrocoglaninae (Batrochoglanis Gill, 1858, Lophiosilurus Steindachner, 1876, and Microglanis Eigenmann, 1912) (Shibatta et al., 2021; Silva et al., 2021).
Rhyacoglanis comprises six species: R. annulatus Shibatta & Vari, 2017; R. epiblepsis Shibatta & Vari, 2017; R. paranensis Shibatta & Vari, 2017; R. pulcher (Boulenger, 1887); R. rapppydanielae Shibatta, Rocha & Oliveira, 2021, and R. seminiger Shibatta & Vari, 2017. The genus can be identified by the following morphological characters: small size (maximum known size of 89.2 mm standard length – SL), premaxillary dentigerous plate posterolaterally pointed, lateral line elongated, lateral region of the head with rounded shape depigmented area, body with dark brown vertical bars, and caudal fin with dark brown band usually confluent midlaterally with the dark brown bar on the caudal peduncle (Shibatta, Vari, 2017). The monophyly of Rhyacoglanis is corroborated by morphological and molecular analyses (Shibatta, Vari, 2017; Shibatta et al., 2021; Silva et al., 2021).
Rhyacoglanis is distributed in the Amazon, Orinoco, Paraná, Paraguay, and lower rio Tocantins basins (Shibatta, Vari, 2017; Shibatta et al., 2021). Microglanis maculatus Shibatta, 2014 is the only species of Pseudopimelodidae described from the upper rio Tocantins basin. This region is considered highly endemic and has 27 (52.9%) of the 51 threatened fish species in the entire rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin (Chamon et al., 2022). The new species of Rhyacoglanis described herein reinforces the endemicity of fishes in the basin.

==========================

Ophichthys terricolus, a new species of hypogean swamp eel from Cachar, Assam (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae)
Reihe: Ichthyological Exploration of FreshwatersReceived 8 December 2022
Revised 10 January 2023
Accepted 28 January 2023
Published 16 February 2023
ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FE426F8B-F0BE-4112-98BE-500A1547C872
German National Library URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2023021616584314426720
DOI: 10.23788/IEF-1189
Ophichthys terricolus, a new species of hypogean swamp eel from Cachar, Assam (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae) Ralf Britz*, **, Ariane Standing**, David J. Gower** and Rachunliu G. Kamei**, *** A new species of swamp eel, Ophichthys terricolus, is described from Assam, India. The new species closely resembles the common Ophichthys cuchia but differs from this species by having fewer abdominal vertebrae (79-80 vs. 95-100), a longer preanal and shorter postanal region, and a wider and higher posterior part of the body. Introduction Swamp eels of the family Synbranchidae are a small group of eel-like percomorphs with currently at least 24 valid species, distributed in South and Central America, West Africa, large parts of Asia, as well as Australia (Rosen & Greenwood, 1976; Bailey & Gans, 1998; Gopi, 2002; Favorito et al., 2005; Kottelat, 2013; Britz et al., 2011, 2016, 2018, 2020a, 2020b, 2021, 2022). Swamp eels are peculiar among teleosts because they lack pectoral, pelvic, dorsal, anal, and usually also caudal fins (Rosen & Greenwood, 1976). Synbranchids also have highly vascularised accessory air-breathing organs in combination with strikingly modified vascular systems to exploit atmospheric oxygen (Hyrtl, 1858; Liem, 1961; Samuel, 1963; Rosen & Greenwood, 1976). To date, 11 species of synbranchids have been recorded from India, of which six are restricted to the Western Ghats area of southern India, four occur only in the north of the country (Britz et al., 2018, 2020b), and one, the brackish water Ophisternon bengalense, along coastal areas of India. Among these, the northern Indian species Ophichthys cuchia has a wide distribution ranging from Pakistan, through northern India, the North Eastern Region (NER) of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh to Myanmar (Rosen & Greenwood, 1976; Menon, 1999). This species has recently established non-native reproducing populations in the USA (Jordan et al., 2020; Best et al., 2022). Ichthyologists traditionally search for fishes using nets, and not through soil-digging surveys, but in the recent past, burrowing, semi-terrestrial synbranchid eels have been found by herpeto- *

==========================

Checklist of the Fishes of the Kundelungu National Park (Upper Congo Basin, DR Congo): Species Diversity and Endemicity of a Poorly Known Ichthyofauna
​by 
Emmanuel Abwe
 1,2,3,
Jos Snoeks
 3,4,
Bauchet Katemo Manda
 1,3,
Pacifique Kiwele Mutambala
 1,
Lewis Ngoy Kalumba
 1,
Pedro H. N. Bragança
3


Abstract

The fish diversity of the Kundelungu National Park (KNP), one of the seven national parks of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, has never been thoroughly studied. This first checklist is presented based on a literature compilation and the study of historical (1939–1969) and recent collections (2012–2017). A total of 96 taxa are reported, including 64 native described species, one introduced species (Poecilia reticulata), 13 new species that await formal description and 18 possibly new species that require further investigation to verify their status. These taxa represent 39 genera and 17 families from the KNP including its Buffer Zone (BZ). Only six taxa, including five endemics, are known from the Core Zone on the Kundelungu Plateau (1300–1700 m alt.). At lower altitudes (800–1100 m), in the Annex Zone, 71 taxa, including 17 endemics, were found. Finally, 50 taxa, including 13 endemics and one introduced species, are known from its BZ. The fish fauna of the KNP is threatened by overfishing, destructive fishing practices, and habitat degradation due to mining pollution, and deforestation for agriculture on the river banks. The present study provides the much needed baseline data for the protection and conservation planning of this fish fauna, for which conservation suggestions are formulated.
Keywords: 
anthropogenic impacts; Endemism; Kundelungu Plateau; new species

1. IntroductionThe Kundelungu National Park (KNP) was created in 1970 to protect its abundant large mammal wildlife [1,2]. The park is located in the Haut Katanga Province, in the south-east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo). The protected area was extended from 2200 km2 to 7600 km2 in 1975, and now encompasses 2200 km2 of Core Zone (CZ), located entirely on the Kundelungu Plateau (KP) and its immediate buttress region, and an Annex Zone (AZ) of 5400 km2 covering most of the middle Lufira River Valley. These two zones correspond to the KNP sensu stricto; here referred to as KNP. However, the KNP is surrounded by a poorly defined Buffer Zone (BZ), which may extend at some places up to about 50 km beyond the outer limit of the two previous zones [1,2] (Figure 1). These three distinct protection/conservation zones together are referred to as the KNP sensu lato (s.l.). Towards its north-western border, the KNP is connected to the Upemba National Park via the Lubudi-Sampwe hunting area [2], and together they form the Upemba-Kundelungu Complex [3].​

==========================

==========================

Checklist of the fish fauna of the Munim River Basin, Maranhão, north-eastern Brazil


Lucas O. Vieira, Diego S. Campos, Rafael F. Oliveira, Josie South, Marcony S. P. Coelho, Maurício J. S. Paiva, Pedro H. N. Bragança, Erick C. Guimarães, Axel M. Katz, Pâmella S. Brito, Jadson P. Santos, Felipe P. OttoniAbstractBackgroundThe Maranhão State harbours great fish diversity, but some areas are still undersampled or little known, such as the Munim River Basin in the northeast of the State. This lack of knowledge is critical when considering anthropogenic impacts on riverine systems especially in the face of major habitat destruction. These pressing threats mean that a comprehensive understanding of diversity is critical and fish checklists extremely relevant. Therefore, the present study provides a checklist of the fish species found in the Munim River Basin, Maranhão State, north-eastern Brazil, based on collected specimens.
New informationA total of 123 species were recorded for the Munim River Basin, with only two non-native species, Oreochromis niloticus and Colossoma macropomum, showing that the fish assemblage has relatively high ecological integrity. In addition, 29 species could not be identified at the species level, indicating the presence of species that are probably new to science in the Basin. A predominance of species belonging to the fish orders Characiformes and Siluriformes, with Characidae being recovered as the most species-rich family (21 species) agrees with the general pattern for river basins in the Neotropical Region. The total fish diversity was estimated by extensive fieldwork, including several sampling gears, carried out in different seasons (dry and rainy) and exploring different environments with both daily and nocturnal sampling, from the Basin's source to its mouth. A total of 84 sites were sampled between 2010 and 2022, resulting in 12 years of fieldwork. Fish assemblages were distinct in the Estuary and Upper river basin sections and more similar in the Lower and Middle sections indicating environmental filtering processes. Species were weakly nested across basin sections, but unique species were found in each section (per Simpsons Index). High variability of species richness in the Middle river basin section is likely due to microhabitat heterogeneity supporting specialist fish communities.

bit.ly/3EbOYl4
==========================

Two new species of miniature tetras of the fish genus Priocharax from the Rio Juruá drainage, Acre, Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)


Authors: George M.T. Mattox https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-472X gmattox@ufscar.br, Ralf Britz, Camila S. Souza, André L.S. Casas, Flávio C.T. Lima, and Claudio OliveiraAUTHORS INFO & AFFILIATIONS
Publication: Canadian Journal of Zoology
10 February 2023
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2022-0136
Data is empt
Canadian Journal of Zoology​
AbstractTwo new miniature tetra species of the Neotropical characid genus Priocharax Weitzman and Vari, 1987 are described, raising the known species diversity to seven. Both species occur in the Rio Juruá system, Cruzeiro do Sul municipality, Acre State, Brazil. Priocharax toledopizae sp. nov. occurs in streams flowing to the lower Rio Moa, a tributary of Rio Juruá, and is distinguished from congeners by a combination of presence of claustrum and infraorbitals 1 and 2, absence of infraorbital 3, and presence of five branched pelvic-fin rays. Priocharax marupiara sp. nov. is known from Igarapé Canela Fina, tributary of Rio Juruá, and is diagnosed by a combination of fewer maxillary teeth (21–27 vs. 27–58 in remaining species), fewer branched anal-fin rays (18–23 vs. 22–27 in two species) and colour pattern. Both species differ from each other in the general body shape: Priocharax toledopizae is more robust with deep body and Priocharax marupiara more elongate. DNA barcode data support the specific distinctness of the two new species and that of the other five species in the genus. We describe a remarkable sexual dimorphism of the pelvic girdle of Priocharax toledopizae in which the pelvic musculature is enlarged forming a pedicel for the fin in mature males. Most localities where these species were found suffer from significant degradation mainly due to litter accumulation and suppression of the riparian forest, raising concerns about their conservation status.Get full access to this articleView all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
GET ACCESS

Acanthopagrus oconnorae • A New Species of Seabream (Perciformes: Sparidae) from the Red Sea


  Acanthopagrus oconnorae Pombo-Ayora and Peinemann,

in Pombo-Ayora, Peinemann, Williams, He, Lin, Iwatsuki, Bradley & Berumen, 2022. 
DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15147 
 Researchgate.net/publication/361611221

 Abstract
A new species of sparid fish, Acanthopagrus oconnorae, is described based on 11 specimens collected in the shallow (0–1 m depth) mangrove-adjacent sandflats of Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: second anal-fin spine 12.8%–16.6% of standard length (SL); 3½ scale rows between the fifth dorsal-fin spine and lateral line; suborbital width 5.7%–6.7% of SL; eyes positioned at the anterior edge of the head, often forming a weakly convex break in an otherwise gently curved head profile, when viewed laterally; caudal fin light yellow with black posterior margin (approximately half of fin); anal fin dusky grey, with posterior one-fifth of the fin light yellow; black streaks on inter-radial membranes of anal fin absent. The most similar species to A. oconnorae is Acanthopagrus vagus, which differs by the presence of a w-shaped anterior edge of the scaled predorsal area, a more acute snout and black streaks on the inter-radial membranes of the anal fin. Phylogenetic placement and species delimitation of A. oconnorae are discussed based on COI, CytB and 16S sequences. It is hypothesized that ecology and behaviour explain how this species avoided detection despite its likely occurrence in coastal areas of the Red Sea with historically high fishing pressure.

Keywords: biodiversity, new species, phylogeny, Red Sea, seabream, Sparidae, taxonomy 



(a) Freshly collected holotype of Acanthopagrus oconnorae sp. nov., CAS-ICH 247294, 222.7 mm SL (standard length), from the central Saudi Arabian Red Sea.
(b) Holotype of A. oconnorae sp. nov. after preservation in formalin. The posterior margin of the preopercle and opercle turns darkish or blackish, and yellowish portions of pectoral, anal and pelvic fins turn hyaline after preservation.
Photos: L. Pombo-Ayora


Species of Acanthopagrus similar to Acanthopagrus oconnorae currently known from the Western Indian Ocean region.
(a) Acanthopagrus oconnorae sp. nov. [CAS-ICH 247299, 185.8 mm SL (standard length), Thuwal, Red Sea]. (b) Acanthopagrus sheim (168.3 SL, Dammam fish market). (c) Acanthopagrus vagus (200 mm SL, Kosi Bay, South Africa; specimen not retained). Note the differences in the colouration of the dorsal fin and anal fin. See Table 2 for detailed morphometric comparisons.
Photos: (a, b) L. Pombo-Ayora, (c) Bruce Mann

Acanthopagrus oconnorae Pombo-Ayora and Peinemann, sp. nov.

Diagnosis: A. oconnorae is distinguished from its congeners by the following set of characters: dorsal fin XI, 11; anal fin III, 8; 4½ scale rows above lateral line; 3½ scale rows between fifth dorsal-fin spine and lateral line; suborbital width 6%–7% of SL; body moderately deep (40%–45% of SL); head length 29%–32% of SL; second anal-fin spine 13%–17% of SL; anal fin yellowish grey or dusky grey, with posterior one-fifth of the fin light yellow; black streaks on inter-radial membranes of anal fin absent; caudal fin light yellow with a broad black posterior margin (approximately half of the fin); vertical bands on body absent or weak (four horizontal scale rows wide, if present); conspicuous black spot on the upper base of pectoral fin; diffuse black blotch at the origin of lateral line covering the upper part of the cleithrum (Figure 4).

Distribution and habitat: Currently this species is known from the mangrove-adjacent sandflats and mangrove-encircled pools of Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, in the central Red Sea. All specimens were caught in very close proximity to the mangrove habitat. All the trapped specimens were captured on sandflat shelves with very shallow water (maximum 1 m depth at high tide) near coastal stands of mangroves (Avicennia marina). Individuals of A. oconnorae appear to commonly utilize a specific type of habitat, co-occurring with A. berda, R. haffara, Pomadasys argenteus, Gerres longirostris, Monodactylus argenteus, Albula glossodonta and Crenimugil crenilabis.

 Etymology: A. oconnorae is named in honour of Winefride Bradley (née O'Connor), botanist, on the occasion of her 90th birthday. D.D.C.B., her son, first noted several of the distinctive features of this fish in specimens caught while leisure fishing, and he provided a caudal-fin clipping for initial genetic analysis. D.D.C.B. collected the first specimen (CAS-ICH 247295) analysed in this study.

  Common name: The following common name is proposed: Bev Bradley's Bream, after D.D.C.B.'s wife, Mrs. Beverley Bradley.




Lucía Pombo-Ayora, Viktor N. Peinemann, Collin T. Williams, Song He, Yu Jia Lin, Yukio Iwatsuki, Donal D. C. Bradley and Michael L. Berumen. 2022. Acanthopagrus oconnorae, A New Species of Seabream (Sparidae) from the Red Sea. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15147
  Researchgate.net/publication/361611221_Acanthopagrus_oconnorae_a_new_species_of_Sparidae_from_the_Red_Sea

​==========================

Parotocinclus pukuixe • A New Species of Parotocinclus (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Pardo basin, Bahia State, Brazil, with comments on the sexually dimorphic traits of the nares and olfactory lamellae  

Parotocinclus pukuixe
Silva-Junior and Angela M. Zanata. 2022

DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15235
  Researchgate.net/publication/364156336
 
Abstract
A new species of Parotocinclus is described from lower rio Pardo basin, Bahia, Brazil. The new species differs from the majority of its congeners by the presence of a rudimentary or vestigial adipose fin, restricted to one to three small unpaired plates on the typical location of the fin. The new species differs from congeners that lack a well-developed adipose fin, and also from various other congeners, by a series of features including the absence of unicuspid accessory teeth and abdomen completely covered by plates similar in size. Additionally, mature males of the new species possess hypertrophied and a higher number of olfactory lamellae, when compared to similar-sized or even larger females. Hypertrophied and higher number of olfactory lamellae in males is shared with the congeners from the north-eastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion examined to the feature.

Keywords: Cascudinho, north-eastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion, sexual dimorphism, Siluriformes, taxonomy



Parotocinclus pukuixe, holotype. MZUSP 126858, 36.4 mm LS, female,
Brazil, Bahia State, Camacan, Fazenda Tupinambá, rio Braço do Sul, tributary of rio Panelão, ..., 200 m a.s.l., 18 Out 2013, A. M. Zanata, T. Ramos, L. Oliveira & T. Duarte

 Parotocinclus pukuixe, new species

Etmology: The specific name derives from the word ‘pukuixê’, from the Pataxohã language used by the native Pataxó Indigenous tribe. The Pataxó tribe historically occupies the south and extreme south coastal areas of Bahia State. Pukuixê means ‘the first’ and is used herein in allusion to the species being the first of the genus having the rio Pardo as its type locality. A noun in apposition.


Dario E. Silva-Junior and Angela M. Zanata. 2022. A New Species of Parotocinclus (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Pardo basin, Bahia State, Brazil, with comments on the sexually dimorphic traits of the nares and olfactory lamellae.  Journal of Fish Biology. 101(6); 1582-1590. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15235
  Researchgate.net/publication/364156336_A_new_species_of_Parotocinclus_from_the_rio_Pardo_basin_Bahia_State_Brazil

​==========================

27 December 2022Two new hypogean species of Triplophysa (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from the River Yangtze drainage in Guizhou, China
Fei Liu, Zhi-Xuan Zeng, Zheng Gong
Author Affiliations +
J. of Vertebrate Biology, 71(22062):22062.1-14 (2022). https://doi.org/10.25225/jvb.22062

AbstractTwo hypogean species of genus Triplophysa are herein described from two subterranean tributaries of the River Yangtze drainage in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China. Triplophysa wudangensis, new species, can be distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: eye reduced, with diameter 5.1-6.5% HL; interorbital width 33.1-35.8% HL; body scaleless; lateral line complete; posterior chamber of air bladder degenerated; anterior nostril with elongated barbel-like tip; distal margin of dorsal fin truncate; dorsal fin with 7, anal fin with 5, and caudal fin with 14 branched fin rays; vertebrae 4 + 34. Triplophysa qingzhenensis, new species, can be distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: eye reduced, with diameter 2.1-4.4% HL; interorbital width 25.1-30.4% HL; body scaleless; lateral line complete; posterior chamber of air bladder degenerated; anterior nostril with elongated barbel-like tip; distal margin of dorsal fin truncate; dorsal fin with 7-8, anal fin with 5, and caudal fin with 14 branched fin rays; vertebrae 4 + 36. Molecular phylogenetic analysis supported the validity of these two new species and indicated their close relationship with Triplophysa rosa.
IntroductionThe genus Triplophysa Rendahl is a large group of loaches in the family Nemacheilidae of order Cypriniformes, which comprises over 180 valid species or subspecies distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent regions (Zhu 1989, Eschmeyer et al. 2022). Species of Triplophysa are further subdivided into two groups based on their living habits and life-history traits: the epigean group and the hypogean group. Till now, 33 hypogean species of Triplophysa have been described, mainly found in the limestone caves or underground rivers of karst areas in southwestern China (Lan et al. 2013, Zhang et al. 2020, Chen et al. 2021, Deng et al. 2022). Meanwhile, the monophyly of both ecological groups of Triplophysa was also supported by recent phylogenetic analyses (Chen & Peng 2019, Chen et al. 2021).
Guizhou Province is located in southwestern China and has been recognised as a hotspot for cavefishes (Zhao & Zhang 2009). Nine hypogean species related to Triplophysa have been described in Guizhou Province, of which six are now valid, namely T. nasobarbatula Wang & Li, 2001 and T. zhenfengensis Wang & Li, 2001, T. longliensis Ren, Yang & Chen, 2012, T. guizhouensis Wu, He, Yang & Du, 2018, T. baotianensis Li, Liu, Li & Li, 2018, T. sanduensis Chen & Peng, 2019. Notably, all of the known Triplophysa species from Guizhou were captured from the River Pearl drainage. In addition, a recent ichthyological survey yielded two hypogean species of Triplophysa from the River Wujiang, a tributary of the upper River Yangtze in Guizhou Province, which could not be assigned to any of the other recorded species and are herein described as new species.

==========================

Coradion calendula, a new butterflyfish from Australia (Teleostei: Chaetodontidae). Matsunuma, Mizuki; Matsumoto, Tatsuya; Motomura, Hiroyuki;  Seah, Ying Giat; Jaafar, Tun Nurul Aimi Mat
The new butterflyfish, Coradion calendula, is described on the basis of 44 specimens collected off Western Australia, the Northern Territory, and north Queensland, Australia. The new species is most similar to Coradion chrysozonus, with which it shares IX dorsal-fin spines, a single ocellated spot on the soft-rayed portion of the dorsal-fin, and a single dark band on the frontal surface of the thorax. The new species is distinguished from C. chrysozonus by slightly higher ranges of dorsal-fin soft rays 28–32, mode 29 (vs. 27–30, mode 28) and anal-fin soft rays 20–22, mode 21 (vs. 18–21, mode 20); an orange band on the caudal peduncle in fresh specimens (lost after preservation) with a saddle-like blackish dorsal streak (vs. a broad brown -to-black circumpeduncular band in both fresh and preserved specimens); a sharply pointed pelvic fin with an almost straight posterior contour when spread (vs. a rounded pelvic fin with an expanded posterior contour); and a dark band on each interopercle joining on the ventral midline, with their anterior margins forming a sharply pointed “V” in ventral view (vs. separated by a relatively wide interspace). Despite well-defined morphological and coloration differences, the mtDNA difference between the two species was relatively low, 0.8–1.9% (mean 1.3%) and 2.9–7.5% (mean 4.8%) pairwise sequence difference in COI and control region genes, respectively. Morphological and color-pattern characters and mtDNA lineage were not concordant in some specimens from northern Australia, where the two species overlap, suggesting that the two species hybridize at their common biogeographic borders.

==========================

On Sunday 11th June the Ryedale A.S. will be holding an Open Event in the Main Hall of Pickering Memorial Hall, N. Yorks., YO18 8AA. We have the hire from 9.00a.m to 3.00p.m.
The Event will take the form of a Mini-Open Show and Sales Tables.
The Show will consist of 10 Classes covering the full range of coldwater and tropical freshwater fishes. YAAS rules and standards apply. Entry fee 20p per exhibit.
The Sales Tables are for spare fish and aquatic items only. Should you wish to register a table, at a fee of £10, please message me ASAP.
Further details to follow.
Looking forward to your company..

==========================

The world’s largest cave fish from Meghalaya, Northeast India, is a new species, Neolissochilus pnar (Cyprinidae, Torinae)


Neelesh Dahanukar, Remya L. Sundar, Duwaki Rangad, Graham Proudlove, Rajeev RaghavanAbstractThe world’s largest subterranean fish was discovered in 2019, and was tentatively identified as a troglomorphic form of the golden mahseer, Tor putitora. Detailed analyses of its morphometric and meristic data, and results from molecular analyses now reveal that it is a new species of the genus Neolissochilus, the sister taxon of Tor. We formally describe the new species as Neolissochilus pnar, honouring the tribal communities of East Jaintia hills in Meghalaya, Northeast India, from where it was discovered. Neolissochilus pnar possesses a number of characters unique among species of Neolissochilus, with the exception of the similarly subterranean N. subterraneus from Thailand. The unique characters that diagnose N. pnar from all epigean congeners comprise highly reduced eye size to complete absence of externally visible eyes, complete lack of pigmentation, long maxillary barbels, long pectoral-fin rays, and scalation pattern. Neolissochilus pnar is distinguished from the hypogean N. subterraneus, the type locality of which is a limestone cave ~2000 kms away in Central Thailand, by a lesser pre-pelvic length (47.8–49.4 vs. 50.5–55.3 %SL), a shorter caudal peduncle (16.1–16.8 vs. 17.8–23.7 %SL), and shorter dorsal fin (17.4–20.8 vs. 21.5–26.3 %SL). In addition, Neolissochilus pnar is also genetically and morphologically distinct from its close congeners with a raw genetic divergence of 1.1–2.7% in the COI gene with putative topotype of N. hexastichus and 2.1–2.6% with putative topotype of N. hexagonolepis.

==========================

Kyonemichthys rumengani (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) is Sister Taxon to the Pipefish Genus Urocampus: Genetic and Morphological Evidence  

Kyonemichthys rumengani Gomon, 2007


in Hanahara, Tanimoto & Shirakawa, 2022. 
DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.27.293
 twitter.com/Species_Divers
 
Abstract
A single female specimen (25.6 mm in standard length) of the thread-like Indo-Pacific pygmy syngnathid Kyonemichthys rumengani Gomon, 2007 was collected from fringing reef at eight meters depth from Okinawa Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago of southern Japan. It represents the first specimen of this species to be housed in a museum fish collection in Japan, where for the first time it is available for molecular analysis. We assessed the morphological hypothesis that previously suggested Kyonemichthys Gomon, 2007 is allied with the Indo-Pacific pygmy pipehorse genera Acentronura Kaup, 1853 and Idiotropiscis Whitley, 1947 based on similar characteristics of the head angled slightly ventrally from the abdominal axis, dermal appendages, and flexible tail lacking a caudal fin. However, Kyonemichthys differs from these genera in having a dorsal-fin origin on the tail versus the trunk, a characteristic shared by two Indo-Pacific pipefish genera: the morphologically similar Urocampus Günther, 1870 and the distinct worm-like Siokunichthys Herald, 1953. We therefore investigated the evolutionary relationships of K. rumengani within Syngnathidae based on the genetic divergence of the mitochondrial CO1 gene (uncorrected p-distances) and a phylogenetic hypothesis generated from the analysis of three partial mitochondrial genes (12S, 16S, and CO1). Genetic analyses demonstrated that Kyonemichthys and Urocampus are closely related and form a strongly supported clade that excludes the phylogenetically distant Acentronura, Idiotropiscis, and Siokunichthys. Furthermore, morphological comparisons of K. rumengani with members of Urocampus revealed numerous synapomorphies distinct from the pygmy pipehorses, including meristic characters, trunk and tail ridge configurations, placement of dorsal fin on the tail, and shape of the prehensile tail. Therefore, based on the genetic and morphological characteristics, we suggest that Kyonemichthys is sister to Urocampus and is allied with pipefishes rather than with pygmy pipehorses. In addition, the Japanese standard name “Hari-youji” was proposed for K. rumengani.


Keywords: marine fish, pygmy pipehorse, CO1, phylogeny, taxonomy, Indo-Pacific


Photograph of preserved specimen of Kyonemichthys rumengani (OCF-P 10439, 25.6mm SL) collected from Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands.

Aquarium photograph of Kyonemichthys rumengani (OCF-P 10439, 25.6mm SL).


Kyonemichthys rumengani Gomon, 2007 
[New standard Japanese name: Hari-youji]


Nozomi Hanahara, Miyako Tanimoto and Naoki Shirakawa. 2022. Kyonemichthys rumengani (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) is Sister Taxon to the Pipefish Genus Urocampus: Genetic and Morphological Evidence.  Species Diversity. 27(2); 293-299. DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.27.293
 twitter.com/Species_Divers/status/1580838206064693249

​==========================

ESR
Endangered Species Research

• Contact the journal
• Facebook
• Twitter
• RSS
• Mailing List

 
ESR 50:17-30 (2023)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01216
Estimating the population size and habitat quality of the Endangered fish Tlaloc hildebrandi in Mexico


Miriam Soria-Barreto1,2, Alfonso A. González-Díaz2,*, Rocío Rodiles-Hernández2, Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García3
1Cátedra CONACYT - El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, CP 29290, Chiapas, Mexico
2Colección de Peces, Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, CP 29290, Chiapas, Mexico
3Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, Mexico
*Corresponding author: agonzalez@ecosur.mx
ABSTRACT: The Chiapas killifish Tlaloc hildebrandi is an Endangered and endemic fish that inhabits wetlands, mountain streams, and rivers in Chiapas, Mexico. This species is considered vulnerable due to accelerated human population growth in its distribution range and the species’ low genetic diversity. To evaluate the conservation status of the species, we assessed habitat quality and estimated the population size of the remnant populations in the Amarillo River subbasin using the capture-mark-recapture technique. Our results showed substantial levels of habitat perturbation in the Amarillo River subbasin, including water pollution with a high presence of coliforms, the presence of exotic species, and modified habitat quality, which has resulted in a decrease in population sizes and the extirpation of certain populations. Our estimates of the population sizes of T. hildebrandi based on the Jolly-Seber model showed dramatically low population sizes, ranging from 93 to 208 fish across sites. Gross population sizes varied temporally, and the location of these populations in isolated sites may increase demographic stochasticity. To preserve some of these populations, urgent conservation and management activities must be implemented. We suggest the establishment of conservation areas for the species in the Fogótico River (which has the best water quality and habitat conditions) and habitat restoration in the protected areas of La Kisst and María Eugenia Mountain Wetlands, where populations of T. hildebrandi could be reintroduced. Finally, we propose the implementation of ex situ conservation programs to maintain genetic diversity and prevent local extinctions of the most vulnerable populations.

Endangered Species Research

• Contact the journal
• Facebook
• Twitter
• RSS
• Mailing List

 

• HOME
• LATEST VOLUME
• ABOUT THE JOURNAL
• EDITORS
• SPECIALS

ESR 50:17-30 (2023)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01216
Estimating the population size and habitat quality of the Endangered fish Tlaloc hildebrandi in Mexico
Miriam Soria-Barreto1,2, Alfonso A. González-Díaz2,*, Rocío Rodiles-Hernández2, Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García3
1Cátedra CONACYT - El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, CP 29290, Chiapas, Mexico
2Colección de Peces, Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, CP 29290, Chiapas, Mexico
3Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, Mexico
*Corresponding author: agonzalez@ecosur.mx
ABSTRACT: The Chiapas killifish Tlaloc hildebrandi is an Endangered and endemic fish that inhabits wetlands, mountain streams, and rivers in Chiapas, Mexico. This species is considered vulnerable due to accelerated human population growth in its distribution range and the species’ low genetic diversity. To evaluate the conservation status of the species, we assessed habitat quality and estimated the population size of the remnant populations in the Amarillo River subbasin using the capture-mark-recapture technique. Our results showed substantial levels of habitat perturbation in the Amarillo River subbasin, including water pollution with a high presence of coliforms, the presence of exotic species, and modified habitat quality, which has resulted in a decrease in population sizes and the extirpation of certain populations. Our estimates of the population sizes of T. hildebrandi based on the Jolly-Seber model showed dramatically low population sizes, ranging from 93 to 208 fish across sites. Gross population sizes varied temporally, and the location of these populations in isolated sites may increase demographic stochasticity. To preserve some of these populations, urgent conservation and management activities must be implemented. We suggest the establishment of conservation areas for the species in the Fogótico River (which has the best water quality and habitat conditions) and habitat restoration in the protected areas of La Kisst and María Eugenia Mountain Wetlands, where populations of T. hildebrandi could be reintroduced. Finally, we propose the implementation of ex situ conservation programs to maintain genetic diversity and prevent local extinctions of the most vulnerable populations.

Cryptocoryne esquerionii (Araceae) • A remarkable New Species discovered by A Citizen Scientist in Zamboanga Peninsula, southwestern Philippines


Cryptocoryne esquerionii Naive & Wongso, 

in Naive, Reagan, Wongso & Jacobsen, 2023. 
DOI: 10.1111/njb.03892
 facebook.com/ArciiNaive 

Abstract
A species new to science, Cryptocoryne esquerionii Naive & Wongso from the island of Mindanao is herein described and illustrated. It differs significantly from all other Cryptocoryne species by its yellow, colliculate spathe with a long acuminate apex. A detailed description, colour plates, phenology, geographical distribution information and a provisional conservation status are provided. The discovery of this new endemic species further highlights the importance of the citizen science in exploring and conserving the Philippine biodiversity.

Keywords: aroids, Cryptocoryne, Mindanao, Philippines, Zamboanga del Norte


 
Cryptocoryne esquerionii Naive & Wongso


Mark Arcebal K. Naive, Joseph T. Villanueva Reagan, Suwidji Wongso and Niels Jacobsen. 2023. Cryptocoryne esquerionii (Araceae), A remarkable New Species discovered by A Citizen Scientist in Zamboanga Peninsula, southwestern Philippines. Nordic Journal of Botany. e03892. DOI: 10.1111/njb.03892
 facebook.com/ArciiNaive/posts/882120626270888

==========================

Horaglanis populi • Evolution in the Dark: Unexpected Genetic Diversity and Morphological Stasis in the Blind, Aquifer-dwelling Catfish Horaglanis (Siluriformes: Clariidae)


Horaglanis populi
Raghavan, Sundar, Arjun, Britz & Dahanukar, 2023
 
DOI: 10.3897/vz.73.e98367 
 twitter.com/LabRajeev 

Abstract
The lateritic aquifers of the southern Indian state of Kerala harbour a unique assemblage of enigmatic stygobitic fishes which are encountered very rarely, only when they surface during the digging and cleaning of homestead wells. Here, we focus on one of the most unusual members of this group, the catfish Horaglanis, a genus of rarely-collected, tiny, blind, pigment less, and strictly aquifer-residing species. A six-year exploratory and citizen-science backed survey supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis reveals novel insights into the diversity, distribution and population structure of Horaglanis. The genus is characterized by high levels of intraspecific and interspecific genetic divergence, with phylogenetically distinct species recovered above a 7.0% genetic-distance threshold in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene. Contrasting with this deep genetic divergence, however, is a remarkable stasis in external morphology. We identify and describe a new cryptic species, Horaglanis populi, a lineage that is the sister group of all currently known species. All four species are represented by multiple haplotypes. Mismatch distribution reveals that populations have not experienced recent expansions.

Keywords: Cryptic species, groundwater, Kerala, molecular ecology, stygobitic, subterranean



A Horaglanis populi in life. B Typical laterite rock showing tiny pores. C Homestead lateritic dug-out well in Kerala – habitat of Horaglanis.


Horaglanis populi holotype (KUFOS.F.2022.101, 32.5 mm standard length) in A life and B–F immediately after preservation.
A, B Lateral view; C ventral view; D dorsal view; E lateral view of head; F ventral view of head.

Horaglanis populi, sp. nov. 

Diagnosis: A species of Horaglanis as evidenced by the absence of eyes and pigment, a blood-red body in life, a highly reduced pectoral fin in which only a shortened spine is present, an elongate body with long dorsal and anal fins extending to the base of the caudal peduncle, and four pairs of well-developed barbels. Genetically, Horaglanis populi forms a distinct clade, the sister group to the other three congeners (Fig. 2), from which it differs by a genetic uncorrected p distance of 13.8–17.4% in the COI gene, and between 12.3–14.0% in the cyt b gene. Specifically, H. populi differs from all three known species in the barcoding gene (Supplementary Table S4) in positions 106 (C vs. T), 115 (T vs. C), 142 (T vs. C), 171 (G vs. A), 183 (T vs. C), 216 (A vs. C or T), 234 (C vs. T), 237 (G vs. A), 265 (T vs. G), 270 (C vs. A), 312 (A vs. C or T), 324 (A vs. C), 325 (T vs. C) 330 (G. vs. A or T), 350 (G vs. T), 363 (T vs. G), 421 (C vs. G), 448 (C vs. T), 481 (G vs. T), 489 (C vs. T), 496 (A vs. G), 517 (c vs. T), 528 (G vs. T), 533 (G vs. A), 538 (A vs. C), 539 (A vs. G), 542 (T vs. C), 565 (T vs. A), 576 (G vs. T or C), 597 (A vs. C), 618 (C vs. T), 633 (G vs. A) and 636 (C vs. T).

Etymology: The species name populi, genitive of the Latin noun populus = people, honours the invaluable contributions made by interested members of the public in the southern Indian state of Kerala, helping to document the biodiversity of subterranean and groundwater systems, including the discovery of this new species.


Rajeev Raghavan, Remya L. Sundar, C.P. Arjun, Ralf Britz and Neelesh Dahanukar. 2023. Evolution in the Dark: Unexpected Genetic Diversity and Morphological Stasis in the Blind, Aquifer-dwelling Catfish Horaglanis. Vertebrate Zoology. 73: 57-74. DOI: 10.3897/vz.73.e98367
  twitter.com/LabRajeev/status/1618264051393650693

​==========================

Pyrolycus jaco • A New Deep-sea Eelpout of the Genus Pyrolycus (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) associated with A Hydrothermal Seep on the Pacific Margin of Costa Rica


 Pyrolycus jaco 
Frable, Seid, Bronson & Møller, 2023

  DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5230.1.5

Abstract
A new species of the zoarcid genus Pyrolycus Machida & Hashimoto, 2002, Pyrolycus jaco sp. nov., is described from a hydrothermal seep environment named Jacó Scar in the eastern Pacific of Costa Rica. Four specimens were collected in 2018 between 1746–1795 m among tubeworm colonies around the seep. The new species is differentiated from its two western Pacific congeners by having a shorter head, snout, jaw, and pectoral fins. It is further diagnosed by having three postorbital pores and two occipital pores. Molecular sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase I gene are provided and are the first for the genus. The character states indicating miniaturization in this species are discussed. This is the first vertebrate species known from this composite reducing ecosystem and is the fourth hydrothermally-associated zoarcid from the eastern Pacific.

Key words: Jacó Scar, Lycodinae, methane seep, Reducing ecosystem, Zoarcoidei


Holotype of Pyrolycus jaco sp. nov., SIO 20-41, 107+ mm SL, Jacó Scar, Costa Rica
 A) freshly collected; B) in preservation, note caudal region removed by collectors; C) superimposition of radiograph over fresh image to estimate vertebral count. Scale bar= 20 mm. 

Live images of  Pyrolycus jaco sp. nov., not collected, living among Lamellibrachia barhami and Escarpia spicata colonies.
Photo credit: ROV SuBastian/Schmidt Ocean Institute.

Pyrolycus jaco sp. nov.

Diagnosis. A species of Pyrolycus differentiated from its congeners with the following combination of characters: five suborbital bones (vs. six) with 5 pores, occipital pores 2, postorbital pores 3, vertebrae 23 + ~57 = ~80, vomerine and palatine teeth present, total gill rakers 2–3+13–15= 16–17, pectoral fin rays 14–15, upper jaw short 33.9–42.4% HL and snout short 21.3–24.3% HL. It is specifically separated from Pyrolycus moelleri in having fewer precaudal vertebrae and total vertebrae, palatine teeth present (vs. absent), three postorbital pores (vs. two) and 14–15 pectoral-fin rays (vs. 13–14). And from P. manusanus by having two occipital pores (1-0-1 vs. one, 0-1-0), more gill rakers, fewer vomerine teeth, more palatine teeth, fewer pectoral-fin rays, a larger eye diameter, and a narrower gill slit.

Etymology. Named for the type locality and only known habitat, the Jacó Scar site on the Pacific Costa Rica margin, which itself is named in honor of the nearby coastal district of Jacó, Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Name treated as an appositional noun. 

Habitat and distribution. Specimens were collected or observed in association with colonies of the tubeworms Lamellibrachia barhami and Escarpia spicata at depths of 1604–1854 m exclusively at Jacó Scar.

  
Benjamin W. Frable, Charlotte A. Seid, Allison W. Bronson and Peter Rask Møller. 2023. A New Deep-sea Eelpout of the Genus Pyrolycus (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) associated with A Hydrothermal Seep on the Pacific Margin of Costa Rica. Zootaxa. 5230(); 79-89. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5230.1.5

==========================

Sinocyclocheilus longicornus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), a new species of microphthalmic hypogean fish from Guizhou, Southwest China
Cheng Xu, Tao Luo, Jia-Jun Zhou, Li Wu, Xin-Rui Zhao, Hong-Fu Yang, Ning Xiao, Jiang Zhou

Full paper at:- bit.ly/3wcWLL2

AbstractSinocyclocheilus longicornus sp. nov. is described from the Pearl River basin in Hongguo Town, Panzhou City, Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Based on the presence of the long horn-like structure on the back of the head, Sinocyclocheilus longicornus sp. nov. is assigned to the Sinocyclocheilus angularis species group. Sinocyclocheilus longicornus sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of morphological characters: (1) presence of a single, relatively long horn-like structure on the back of the head; (2) pigmentation absent; (3) reduced eyes; (4) dorsal-fin rays, ii, 7; (5) pectoral-fin rays, i, 13; (6) anal-fin rays, iii, 5; (7) pelvic-fin rays, i, 7; (8) lateral line pores 38–49; (9) gill rakers well developed, nine on first gill arch; and (10) tip of adpressed pelvic fin not reaching anus.
Keywordscave fish, morphology, taxonomy, phylogeny
IntroductionThe golden-line fish genus Sinocyclocheilus Fang, 1936, is endemic to China, and is mainly distributed in the karst areas of Southwest China, including Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Hubei provinces (Zhao and Zhang 2009; Jiang et al. 2019). The narrow distribution, morphological similarities, and morphological adaptations to cave environments, such as the degeneration or loss of eyes and body scales, have made classification of the genus difficult and often controversial (Chu and Cui 1985; Shan and Yue 1994; Wang et al. 1995; Wang and Chen 1998; Wang et al. 1999; Wang and Chen 2000; Xiao et al. 2005; Mao et al. 2021, 2022; Wen et al. 2022). A phylogenetic study based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (Cyt b) showed that all members of Sinocyclocheilus clustered as a monophyletic group, divided into four species groups, namely the S. jii, S. angularis, S. cyphotergous, and S. tingi groups (Zhao and Zhang 2009). However, phylogenetic studies based on restriction site–associated DNA sequencing and mitochondrial genome reconstruction suggest that the S. angularis and S. cyphotergous species groups are not monophyletic (Xiang 2014; Liu 2018; Mao et al. 2021, 2022; Wen et al. 2022). Sinocyclocheilus comprises 76 valid species, of which 71 species are grouped into five species groups (Table 1).
Table 1.
Download as
CSV
 
XLSXList of 76 currently recognized species of the genus Sinocyclocheilus endemic to China and references. Recognized species modified from Jiang et al. (2019).

IDSpeciesSpecies groupProvinceRiverReference
1S. altishoulderus (Li & Lan, 1992)S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverLi and Lan 1992
2S. anatirostris Lin & Luo, 1986S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverLin and Luo 1986
3S. angularis Zheng & Wang, 1990S. angularis groupGuizhouBeipanjiang RiverZheng and Wang 1990
4S. aquihornes Li & Yang, 2007S. angularis groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 2007
5S. bicornutus Wang & Liao, 1997S. angularis groupGuizhouBeipanjiang RiverWang and Liao 1997
6S. brevibarbatus Zhao, Lan & Zhang, 2009S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverZhao et al. 2009
7S. broadihornes Li & Mao, 2007S. angularis groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi and Mao 2007
8S. convexiforeheadus Li, Yang & Li, 2017S. angularis groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverYang et al. 2017
9S. hyalinus Chen & Yang, 1994S. angularis groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverChen et al. 1994
10S. jiuxuensis Li & Lan, 2003S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverLi et al. 2003c
11S. flexuosdorsalis Zhu & Zhu, 2012S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverZhu and Zhu 2012
12S. furcodorsalis Chen, Yang & Lan, 1997S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverChen et al. 1997
13S. mashanensis Wu, Liao & Li, 2010S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverWu et al. 2010
14S. rhinocerous Li & Tao, 1994S. angularis groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi and Tao 1994
15S. simengensis Li, Wu, Li & Lan, 2018S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverWu et al. 2018
16S. tianeensis Li, Xiao & Luo, 2003S. angularis groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverLi et al. 2003d
17S. tianlinensis Zhou, Zhang, He & Zhou, 2004S. angularis groupGuangxiNanpanjiang RiverZhou et al. 2004
18S. tileihornes Mao, Lu & Li, 2003S. angularis groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverMao et al. 2003
19S. zhenfengensis Liu, Deng, Ma, Xiao & Zhou, 2018S. angularis groupGuizhouBeipanjiang RiverLiu et al. 2018
20S. anshuiensis Gan, Wu, Wei & Yang, 2013S. microphthalmus groupGuizhouHongshuihe RiverGan et al. 2013
21S. microphthalmus Li, 1989S. microphthalmus groupGuizhouHongshuihe RiverLi 1989
22S. aluensis Li & Xiao, 2005S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 2005; Zhao and Zhang 2013
23S. angustiporus Zheng & Xie, 1985S. tingi groupGuizhou; YunnanBeipanjiang River; Nanpanjiang RiverZheng and Xie 1985
24S. anophthalmus Chen & Chu, 1988S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverChen et al. 1988a Zhao and Zhang 2009
25S. grahami (Regan, 1904)S. tingi groupYunnanJinshajiang RiverRegan 1904; Zhao and Zhang 2009
26S. guishanensis Li, 2003S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 2003a
27S. huaningensis Li, 1998S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 1998
28S. huizeensis Cheng, Pan, Chen, Li, Ma & Yang, 2015S. tingi groupYunnanNiulanjiang RiverCheng et al. 2015
29S. bannaensis Li, Li & Chen, 2019S. tingi groupYunnanLuosuojiang RiverLi et al. 2019
30S. maculatus Li, 2000S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverZhao and Zhang 2009
31S. maitianheensis Li,1992S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi 1992
32S. malacopterus Chu & Cui, 1985S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverChu and Cui 1985
33S. longifinus Li, 1998S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 1998
34S. longshanensis Li & Wu, 2018S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 2018
35S. macrocephalus Li,1985S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi 1985
36S. lateristriatus Li,1992S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi 1992
37S. purpureus Li, 1985S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi 1985
38S. qiubeiensis Li, 2002S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 2002b
39S. qujingensis Li, Mao & Lu, 2002S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 2002c
40S. robustus Chen & Zhao, 1988S. tingi groupGuizhouNanpanjiang RiverChen et al. 1988b
41S. wumengshanensis Li, Mao, Lu & Yan, 2003S. tingi groupYunnanPanlonghe RiverLi et al. 2003a
42S. xichouensis Pan, Li, Yang & Chen, 2013S. tingi groupYunnanPanlonghe RiverPan et al. 2013
43S. tingi Fang, 1936S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverFang, 1936; Zhao and Zhang 2009
44S. yangzongensis Chu & Chen, 1977S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverWu 1977; Zhao and Zhang 2009
45S. yimenensis Li & Xiao, 2005S. tingi groupYunnanYuanjiang RiverLi et al. 2005
46S. oxycephalus Li, 1985S. tingi groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi 1985
47S. brevis Lan & Chen, 1992S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiLiujiang RiverChen and Lan 1992
48S. cyphotergous (Dai, 1988)S. cyphotergous groupGuizhouHongshuihe RiverDai 1988; Huang et al. 2017
49S. donglanensis Zhao, Watanabe & Zhang, 2006S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverZhao et al. 2006
50S. dongtangensis Zhou, Liu & Wang, 2011S. cyphotergous groupGuizhouLiujiang RiverZhou et al. 2011
51S. huanjiangensis Wu, Gan & Li, 2010S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiLiujiang RiverWu et al. 2010
52S. hugeibarbus Li, Ran & Chen, 2003S. cyphotergous groupGuizhouLiujiang RiverLi et al. 2003b
53S. gracilicaudatus Zhao & Zhang, 2014S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiLiujiang RiverWang et al. 2014
54S. lingyunensis Li, Xiao & Lu, 2000S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverLi et al. 2000
55S. longibarbatus Wang & Chen, 1989S. cyphotergous groupGuizhou; GuangxiLiujiang RiverWang and Chen 1989
56S. luopingensis Li & Tao, 2002S. cyphotergous groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi et al. 2002a
57S. macrolepis Wang & Chen, 1989S. cyphotergous groupGuizhou; GuangxiLiujiang RiverWang and Chen 1989
58S. macrophthalmus Zhang & Zhao, 2001S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiHongshuihe RiverZhang and Zhao 2001
59S. macroscalus Li, 1992S. cyphotergous groupYunnanNanpanjiang RiverLi 1992
60S. multipunctatus (Pellegrin, 1931)S. cyphotergous groupGuizhou; GuangxiWujiang River; Liujiang River; Hongshuihe RiverPellegrin 1931; Zhao and Zhang 2009
61S. punctatus Lan & Yang, 2017S. cyphotergous groupGuizhou; GuangxiLiujiang River; Hongshuihe RiverLan et al. 2017
62S. ronganensis Luo, Huang & Wen, 2016S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiLiujiang RiverLuo et al. 2016
63S. xunlensis Lan, Zhan & Zhang, 2004S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiLiujiang RiverLan et al. 2004
64S. yaolanensis Zhou, Li & Hou, 2009S. cyphotergous groupGuizhouLiujiang RiverZhou et al. 2009
65S. yishanensis Li & Lan, 1992S. cyphotergous groupGuangxiLiujiang RiverLi and Lan 1992
66S. sanxiaensis Jiang, Li, Yang & Chang, 2019S. cyphotergous groupHubeiYangtze RiverJiang et al. 2019
67S. brevifinus Li, Li & Mayden, 2014S. jii groupGuangxiHejiang RiverLi et al. 2014
68S. guanyangensis Chen, Peng & Zhang, 2016S. jii groupGuangxiGuijiang RiverChen et al. 2016
69S. guilinensis Ji, 1985S. jii groupGuangxiGuijiang RiverZhou 1985; Zhao and Zhang 2009
70S. huangtianensis Zhu, Zhu & Lan, 2011S. jii groupGuangxiHejiang RiverZhu et al. 2011
71S. jii Zhang & Dai, 1992S. jii groupGuangxiGuijiang RiverZhang and Dai 1992
72S. gracilis Li, 2014No assignmentGuangxiGuijiang RiverLi and Li 2014
73S. pingshanensis Li, Li, Lan & Wu, 2018No assignmentGuangxiLiujiang RiverWu et al. 2018
74S. wenshanensis Li,Yang, Li & Chen, 2018No assignmentYunnanPanlonghe RiverYang et al. 2018
75S. wui Li & An, 2013No assignmentYunnanMingyihe RiverLi and An 2013
76S. luolouensis Lan, 2013No assignmentGuangxiHongshuihe RiverLan et al. 2013Species of Sinocyclocheilus have variably developed eyes and horn-like structures on the back of the head. Eye morphology includes normal, microphthalmic, and anophthalmic conditions (Mao et al. 2021). Normal-eyed and microphthalmic species are distributed from eastern Guangxi through southern Guizhou to eastern Yunnan, and eyeless species are mainly distributed in the Hongshuihe river basin in northern Guangxi and the Nanpanjiang river basin in eastern Yunnan (Mao et al. 2021). It may be absent, short, long, or single and forked. The horn-like structure is present mainly in species of the S. angularis and S. microphthalmus species groups (Zhao and Zhang 2009; Mao et al. 2021; Wen et al. 2022). These horned species are distributed in the Nanpanjiang, Beipanjiang, and Hongshuihe river basins of the upper Pearl River.

==========================

New meeting venue for Southend, Leigh & District Aquarist Society

​Our first meeting at new venue went well -don`t have to walk for miles to get to old hall -that`s if you can find parking that not in the next county!  Loads of space within a few yards of the venue!
Still got to get organised and figure out what to do with all the books in our old cupboard.
Next meeting will be the second Tuesday in February, the 14th at 8.00pm

The address is:- Benfleet Cricket & Social Club, Manor Road,Benfleet, SS7 4PA
==========================

The First BLA event of the year is being held in Bristol at the Hengrove Community Hall.
This is to be the first of 4 events the BLA will be organising for 2023.
Bristol is a venue we haven’t been to for a very long time.
We are comining to Bristol as it has the benefit of the M4 and M5 motorways, this makes it more accessible for those who wish to attend from the London areas, Wales, the South west, and the Midlands areas.
Put the date in your diary
April 23rd 2023
Hengrove Community Centre
Fortfield Road
Bristol
BS14 9NX

Further events being planned are: -
Basingstoke - June 18th 2023
Carlisle - July 2023 (date TBC)
Midland area - Autumn 2023 (date TBC)
==========================

Knodus ytuanama • A New Rheophilic Species of Knodus Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the upper rio Juruena, rio Tapajós basin, Chapada dos Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil


Knodus ytuanama
Ferreira & Ohara, 2022

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.3.5 
Researchgate.net/publication/366920030 

Abstract
Knodus ytuanama, new species, is described from the upper rio Juruena, rio Tapajós drainage, Amazon basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The new species differs from its congeners by presenting the interradial membranes of the caudal fin thickened, forming folds, and also differs from most congeners by the presence of a dark, wide midlateral stripe extending from the posterior margin of opercle to the middle caudal-fin rays, the absence of a humeral blotch in adults, and by having four rows of scales between the lateral line and the pelvic-fin origin, among another features. We also provide a discussion on the presence of membranous flaps on the fins as an adaptation for living in fast-water environments in Knodus ytuanama n. sp. as well as in a congener, K. tiquiensis.

Key words: Knodus tiquiensis, Diapomini, Amazon Basin, rheophily


Knodus ytuanama, holotype, CPUFMT 7756, 81.2 mm SL:
Brazil, Mato Grosso, Comodoro, rio Mutum.

Knodus ytuanama INPA 59847, paratypes, 83.2 mm SL (upper) and 75.7 mm SL (lower), immediately after capture.

Knodus ytuanama, new species 

Etymology. The specific epithet ytuanama derives from the Tupi language, from the words ytu, waterfall, andanama, friend, and it refers to the fast-flowing habitat of the new species. A noun in apposition.  

 Type locality of Knodus ytuanama, rio Mutum near road BR-174, affluent of upper rio Juruena, rio Tapajós basin, Comodoro, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
 

Katiane M. Ferreira and Willian Massaharu Ohara. 2022. A New Rheophilic Species of Knodus Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the upper rio Juruena, rio Tapajós basin, Chapada dos Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Zootaxa. 5227(3); 365-377
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.3.5 
Researchgate.net/publication/366920030_A_new_species_of_Knodus_from_the_upper_rio_Juruena_Mato_Grosso_Brazil

​==========================

14 December 2022

Synchiropus flavistrigatus, a new species of dragonet from the tropical eastern Atlantic (Teleostei: Callionymidae)
Ronald Fricke, Francesc Ordines, Sergio Ramírez-Amaro
Author Affiliations +
Integrative Systematics: Stuttgart Contributions to Natural History, 5(2): (2022). https://doi.org/10.18476/2022.874590

AbstractA new species of dragonet, Synchiropus flavistrigatus sp. n. from the eastern tropical Atlantic, is described on the basis of 15 specimens. The new species is characterised within the subgenus Yerutius Whitley, 1931 by having 8 rays in the second dorsal fin (the last divided at its base), 8 anal-fin rays (the last divided at its base), 20–21 pectoral-fin rays, a single upper unbranched pectoral-fin ray, 1–2 curved dorsal points on the upper margin of the preopercular spine (additional to the main tip), length of first spine of first dorsal fin in male 12.8–15.9% of standard length, in female 14.5–15.4%; caudal-fin length in male 27.7–32.2% of standard length, in female 25.5–27.9%; length of last ray of second dorsal fin in male 18.2–21.6% of standard length; length of last ray of anal fin in male 14.6–17.1% of standard length, in female 13.5–15.1%; second dorsal fin and caudal fin with oblique yellow bars in both sexes; anal fin with a distal dark streak in both sexes. We also provide molecular information, based on two mitochondrial fragments (COI and 12s rRNA), that clearly supports the morphological results confirming that S. flavistrigatus sp. n. corresponds to a new species, distinct from S. phaeton (Günther, 1861). The new species is compared with other species of the subgenus.
Eine neue Leierfischart, Synchiropus flavistrigatus sp. n. aus dem tropischen Ostatlantik, wird anhand von 15 Exemplaren beschrieben. Die neue wird innerhalb der Untergattung Yerutius Whitley, 1931 durch folgende Merkmale charakterisiert: 8 Strahlen in der zweiten Rückenflosse (der letzte an der Basis geteilt), 8 Strahlen in der Afterflosse (der letzte an der Basis geteilt), 20–21 Brustflossenstrahlen, ein einziger Brustflossenstrahl oben unverzweigt, 1–2 gebogene Spitzen auf der dorsalen Seite des Präoperkulardorns (zusätzlich zur Hauptspitze), Länge des ersten Strahls der ersten Rückenflosse beim Männchen 12.8–15.9% der Standardlänge, beim Weibchen 14.5–15.4%; Schwanzflossenlänge beim Männchen 27.7–32.2% der Standardlänge, beim Weibchen 25.5–27.9%; Länge des letzten Strahls der zweiten Rückenflosse beim Männchen 18.2–21.6% der Standardlänge; Länge des letzten Strahls der Afterflosse beim Männchen 14.6–17.1% der Standardlänge, beim Weibchen 13.5–15.1%; zweite Rückenflosse und Schwanzflosse bei beiden Geschlechtern mit gelben Schrägstreifen; Afterflosse bei beiden Geschlechtern distal mit einem dunklen Streifen. Eine molekulare Untersuchung basierend auf zwei mitochondrialen Fragmenten (COI und 12s rRNA) unterstützt die morphologischen Befunde und bestätigt, daß es sich bei S. flavistrigatus sp. n. um eine neue Art handelt, die sich von S. phaeton (Günther, 1861) deutlich unterscheidet. Die neue Art wird mit anderen Arten der Untergattung verglichen.
IntroductionDragonets of the family Callionymidae (Pisces: Teleostei) are a group of benthic living fishes occurring in the upper 900 metres of all temperate, subtropical and tropical oceans of the world, with a few species found in estuarine and freshwater habitats. They are characterised by a depressed body, a triangular head when seen from above, large eyes situated dorsally on the head, the presence of a preopercular spine bearing additional points and/or serrae, gill opening reduced to a small pore, swimbladder absent, two dorsal fins, the first with thin, flexible spines, the second with soft rays, and jugular pelvic fins which are separated from each other but each connected with the pectoral-fin base by a membrane.
The Indo-Pacific species of the family were revised by Fricke (1983a), who distinguished 126 valid species from the area. Fricke (2002), in a checklist of the callionymid fishes of the world, listed a total of 182 valid species in 10 genera. Subsequently, 16 additional species and one new genus were described [Callionymus kanakorum Fricke, 2006 and Protogrammus antipodum Fricke, 2006 from New Caledonia (Fricke 2006), the genus Tonlesapia with Tonlesapia tsukawakii Motomura & Mukai, 2006 from Cambodia (Motomura & Mukai 2006), T. amnica Ng & Rainboth, 2011 from Vietnam (Ng & Rainboth 2011), Synchiropus tudorjonesi Allen & Erdmann, 2012 from Papua, Indonesia (Allen & Erdmann 2012), Callionymus profundus Fricke & Golani, 2013 from the northern Red Sea (Fricke & GOLANI 2013), Callionymus madangensis Fricke, 2014 from Papua New Guinea (Fricke 2014), Diplogrammus paucispinis Fricke & Bogorodsky in Fricke, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014 from the eastern Red Sea (Fricke et al. 2014a), Callionymus omanensis Fricke, Jawad & Al-Mamry, 2014 from the northwestern Indian Ocean (Fricke et al. 2014b), Protogrammus alboranensis Fricke, Ordines, Farias & García-Ruiz, 2016 from the southwestern Mediterranean Sea (Farias et al. 2016), Callionymus alisae Fricke, 2016 from New Ireland (Fricke 2016a), Callionymus petersi Fricke, 2016 from New Ireland (Fricke 2016b), Synchiropus novaehiberniensis Fricke, 2016 from New Ireland (Fricke 2016c), Synchiropus sycorax Tea & Gill, 2016 from the Philippines (Tea & Gill 2016), Callionymus boucheti Fricke, 2017 from New Ireland (Fricke 2017), Callionymus vietnamensis Fricke & Vo, 2018 from Vietnam (Fricke & VO 2018)]; Synchiropus apricus (McCulloch, 1926) was removed from the synonymy of Synchiropus phasis (Günther, 1880) by Gomon & Yearsley (2008), and Eleutherochir mccaddeni Fowler, 1941 was removed from the synonymy of E. opercularis (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837) by Yoshigou et al. (2006), bringing the worldwide total to 201 species in the family (Fricke et al. 2022a).
The genus Yerutius Whitley, 1931 was originally described by Whitley (1931: 115) based on Callionymus apricus McCulloch, 1926 as the type species (by original designation). The type species was synonymised with Synchiropus phasis (Günther, 1880) by Fricke (1983a: 572; 2002: 63), but removed from synonymy and resurrected by Gomon & Yearsley (2008) (see above). Species of Yerutius were classified by Nakabo (1982) in the genus Foetorepus Whitley, 1931.
Fricke (1981: 26) defined the subgenus Synchiropus (Yerutius) within the genus Synchiropus Gill, 1859, which equalled part of the genus Foetorepus (not Whitley, 1931) of Nakabo (1982), and included two species, S. phasis (Günther, 1880) (Fricke 1981) from southern Australia and New Zealand and S. atrilabiatus (Garman, 1899) from the eastern Pacific. Fricke (2002: 102) distinguished seven species in this subgenus, also including Synchiropus agassizii (Goode & Bean, 1888) from the western Atlantic, S. dagmarae Fricke, 1985 from the southwestern Atlantic, S. goodenbeani (Nakabo & Hartel, 1999) from the northwestern Atlantic, S. phaeton (Günther, 1861) from the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean and S. valdiviae (Trunov, 1981) from Walvis Ridge, southeastern Atlantic.
Species of the complex live on deep soft bottoms; they usually do not bury in the substrate but are well camouflaged due to their cryptic colouration. Callionymid fishes typically occur in harem groups, with one male controlling a larger home range and living together with several females. Spawning usually takes place around dusk; the courting pair ascends and releases the eggs well above the ground, following a complex courtship behaviour where the spreading of the first dorsal fin or flashing blue ‘lights’ (iridescent blue spots) are frequent motor patterns. The eggs and larvae are pelagic; during transition into juveniles they shift to a benthic lifestyle (Fricke et al. 2014b).
In a revision of the Synchiropus agassizii species complex, Fricke (1985: 247) noted that the tropical West African form of S. phaeton seemed different and might be based on a different taxon, but that its formal recognition and description would have needed more material. During the cruise Bissau 2019 in November/December 2019, several specimens of this new species were collected, as well as two additional specimens collected in Angola by Research Vessel “Dr. Fridtjof Nansen” in 2003; the new species is described, and the subgeneric complex reviewed, in the present paper.

==========================

Conjectures and refutations: Species diversity and phylogeny of Australoheros from coastal rivers of southern South America (Teleostei: Cichlidae)

• Carlos A. Santos de Lucena,
• Sven Kullander ,
• Michael Norén,
• Bárbara Calegari

• Published: December 9, 2022
• https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261027

• Article
• Authors
• Metrics
• Comments
• Media Coverage

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Material and methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Supporting information
• Acknowledgments
• References

• Reader Comments
• Figures

AbstractMorphological and genetic analyses of species of Australoheros focusing on those distributed in coastal rivers from the Rio de La Plata north to the Rio Buranhém, support recognition of 17 valid species in the genus. Eight species are represented in coastal rivers: A acaroides, A. facetus, A. ipatinguensis, A. oblongus, A. ribeirae, and A. sanguineus are validated from earlier descriptions. Australoheros mboapari is a new species from the Rio Taquari in the Rio Jacuí drainage. Australoheros ricani is a new species from the upper Rio Jacuí. Specimens from the Rio Yaguarón and Rio Tacuary, affluents of Laguna Merín, and tributaries of the Rio Negro, tributary of the Rio Uruguay are assigned to A. minuano pending critical data on specimens from the type locality of A. minuano. Australoheros taura is a junior synonym of A. acaroides. Australoheros autrani, A. saquarema, A. capixaba, A. macaensis, A. perdi, and A. muriae are junior synonyms of A. ipatinguensis. Heros autochthon, A. mattosi, A. macacuensis, A. montanus, A. tavaresi, A. paraibae, and A. barbosae, are junior synonyms of A. oblongus. Heros jenynsii is a junior synonym of A. facetus.
==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5219.4.2
PUBLISHED: 2022-12-12
A new species of Hypostomus Lacepède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Mearim River basin, northeastern Brazil

• RAFAEL FERREIRA DE OLIVEIRA+
• ERICK CRISTOFORE GUIMARÃES+
• PÂMELLA SILVA DE BRITO+
• FELIPE POLIVANOV OTTONI+

PISCESARMORED CATFISHHYPOSTOMINAEICHTHYOLOGYMARANHÃOTAXONOMY

• PDF(6M)

AbstractHypostomus krikati sp. n. is described from the Mearim River basin, state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. This new species shares all the diagnostic features defining the Hypostomus plecostomus super-group. Three species of the H. plecostomus super-group are geographically close to the species described here (Hypostomus jaguribensis, H. pusarum and H. papariae). Hypostomus krikati sp. n. is easily distinguised from them by having conspicuous keels along the lateral series of plates. There are other species geographically close to H. krikati sp. n. that do not belong to the H. plecostomus super-group (H. johnii, H. velhomonge and H. velhochico). Hypostomus krikati sp. n. differs from these species by having a lower number of teeth, conspicuous keels along the lateral series of plates, abdominal region totally covered by plates, dark spots horizontally not aligned along lateral series of plates, and large-sized adults. The recently described species for the Maranhão hydrographic systems, as well as the new species here described reinforce the hypothesis that the Maranhão hydrographic systems may present a high level of endemism for freshwater fishes.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5219.2.5
PUBLISHED: 2022-12-08
Exostoma dhritiae, a new sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Brahmaputra River drainage, Arunachal Pradesh, India

• PRATIMA SINGH+
• LAISHRAM KOSYGIN+
• SHANTABALA DEVI GURUMAYUM+
• SHIBANANDA RATH+

PISCESSISORIDAEEXOSTOMASIANG RIVERBRAHMAPUTRA DRAINAGE

• PDF(7M)

AbstractA new species of sisorid catfish of the genus Exostoma is described from the Siang River in Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. The new species, Exostoma dhritiae, can be distinguished from congeners by the condition of the posterior extremity of the adipose-fin base, the degree of tuberculation on the dorsal surface of the head, and the shape of striae on the anterolateral surface of lips. Further, it is distinguished by the morphometric data for the body depth at the anus, maxillary barbel length, adipose fin base length, caudal peduncle length, caudal peduncle depth and the number of branched pectoral-fin rays. It is the twentieth reported species of Exostoma. 

==========================

KILLI - DATA SERIES, 2022, Vermeulen, description Rivulus adrianae




Killi-Data Series 2022 [20 pages, as a print, ISBN 978-2-9547546-2-8, as a PDF document, ISBN 978-2-9547546-3-5]
Killi-Data Series 2022, 4-19, 10 figs.
Rivulus adrianae, a new species of the aplocheiloid killifish genus Rivulus (s.l.), (Cyprinodontiformes; Rivulidae), from Sipaliwini River, Courantyne River basin, Sipaliwini District, South-Western Suriname.
Vermeulen, F.B.M. 
Abstract :
A new species in the family Rivulidae, Rivulus adrianae, is described from a small creek, tributary of the Sipaliwini River, drainage of the Courantyne River in remote Southwestern Suriname. The new species differs from other group members by the bright gold markings on the lateral sides and the absence of the ocellus in males and females. Rivulus adrianae n. sp. also differs by the lack of a longitudinal striped pattern of red spots, typical of most congeners.
zoobank.org:pub:94C825D4-0718-498D-AB14-C3310C42E51C

==========================

---

The Complete Genome Sequences of 38 Species of Elephantfishes (Mormyridae, Osteoglossiformes)Rose Peterson ,John Sullivan ,Stacy Pirro
mormyridaegenome
•https://doi.org/10.56179/001c.56077biogenomes
Peterson, Rose, John Sullivan, and Stacy Pirro. 2022. “The Complete Genome Sequences of 38 Species of Elephantfishes (Mormyridae, Osteoglossiformes).” Biodiversity Genomes, November. https://doi.org/10.56179/001c.56077.
Save article as...▾

• PDF
• XML
• Citation (BibTeX)

Data Sets/Files (1)

• 32 views
• 3 pdf downloads

View more stats
AbstractWe present the complete genome sequences of 38 species of elephantfishes from 20 genera. Illumina sequencing was performed on genetic material from single wild-caught individuals. The reads were assembled using a de novo method followed by a finishing step. The raw and assembled data is publicly available via Genbank.
IntroductionThe Mormyridae are a family of weakly electric freshwater fish found over most of Africa, with the exception of the Sahara, northernmost Mahgreb and southernmost Cape provinces. They are an important food source in Africa’s inland regions where they are often the most abundant fish available (Sullivan and Lavoué 2022).
Elephantfishes possess organs that generate weak electric fields, and electroreceptors that can sense nearby objects and prey as distortions to their self-produced detect the electric fields generated by prey in low visibility conditions (Carlson et al. 2019).
We present the complete genome sequences of 38 species of elephantfishes from 20 genera. Tissue samples were obtained from preserved museum specimens.
MethodsDNA extraction was performed using the Qiagen DNAeasy genomic extraction kit using the standard process. A paired-end sequencing library was constructed using the Illumina TruSeq kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The library was sequenced on an Illumina Hi-Seq platform in paired-end, 2 × 150 bp format. The resulting fastq files were trimmed of adapter/primer sequence and low-quality regions with Trimmomatic v0.33 (Bolger, Lohse, and Usadel 2014). The trimmed sequence was assembled by SPAdes v2.5 (Bankevich et al. 2012) followed by a finishing step using Zanfona (Kieras, O’Neill, and Pirro 2021).
Results and Data AvailabilityAll data, including raw reads and assembled genome sequence, is available via Genbank.
 
taxnamespecimen_voucherraw_read_datagenomeBoulengeromyrus knoepffleriCUMV 81643-2254SRR8717394JABJVO000000000
Brevimyrus nigerCUMV 94596SRR8717240JAABNY000000000
Brienomyrus brachyistiusCUMV 89979SRR8717393JAODOV000000000
Brienomyrus longianalisAMNH 257030SRR8717273JABJVP000000000
Campylomormyrus numeniusCUMV 97364SRR8717166JAODOW000000000
Campylomormyrus tamanduaCUMV 87879SRR8717220JABJVQ000000000
Cryptomyrus ogoouensisCUMV 98155SRR8717184JAOYFF000000000
Cyphomyrus discorhynchusCUMV 82809SRR8717165JABJVS000000000
Cyphomyrus wilverthiAMNH 253525SRR8717167JAODKV000000000
Genyomyrus donnyiCUMV 96735SRR8794244JAODJT000000000
Gnathonemus echidnorhynchusCUMV 96186SRR8794645 JAODJU000000000
Gnathonemus longibarbisCUMV 90412SRR8794644JAODJV000000000
Hippopotamyrus longilateralisSAIAB 78793SRR9215643JAOXXE000000000
Hippopotamyrus pictusCUMV 94598SRR8793730JAODLC000000000
Hyperopisus bebeCUMV 91467SRR8794911JAODJW000000000
Isichthys henryiCUMV 84650-2051SRR8794571 JAODJX000000000
Ivindomyrus marcheiCUMV 83105SRR8794910JAODJY000000000
Ivindomyrus opdenboschiCUMV 83107SRR8795503JAODJZ000000000
Marcusenius schilthuisiaeCUMV 87790SRR8794570JAODKA000000000
Marcusenius ussheriCUMV 97730SRR8794646JAODKB000000000
Mormyrops attenuatusCUMV 88155SRR8844661JAODKC000000000
Mormyrops boulengeriCUMV 87730SRR8844538JAODLD000000000
Mormyrops zanclirostrisCUMV 96834SRR8844858JAODKD000000000
Mormyrus hasselquistiiCUMV 94650SRR9055927JAODKE000000000
Mormyrus iriodesAMNH 263510SRR9056052JAAGVU000000000
Mormyrus lacerdaSAIAB 87199SRR9215603 JAABNX000000000
Mormyrus proboscirostrisCUMV 96245SRR8844651JAODKF000000000
Myomyrus macropsAMNH 231025SRR6399006JAODKG000000000
Myomyrus pharaoCUMV 96474SRR9214507JAODKH000000000
Paramormyrops hopkinsiCUMV 89281-5497SRR9214432JAODKI000000000
Petrocephalus microphthalmusCUMV 97508SRR6399355JAODKK000000000
Petrocephalus schoutedeniCUMV 97510SRR9214420JAODKL000000000
Petrocephalus sullivaniCUMV 79700SRR6410432JAODKM000000000
Petrocephalus zakoniCUMV 87787SRR9214598 JAODKN000000000
Pollimyrus isidoriCUMV 97714SRR9215378JABFDZ000000000
Pollimyrus plagiostomaCUMV 96188SRR9214508JABFEA000000000
Stomatorhinus ivindoensisCUMV 92286SRR9214431JABFEB000000000
Stomatorhinus walkeriCUMV 95160SRR9214424JAODUD000000000DiscussionThese published data have already been used in recent publications on mormyrid phylogenomics and taxonomy (Peterson et al. 2022; Sullivan et al. 2022) and will serve a resource for future studies of this group of fishes.

FundingFunding was provided by Iridian Genomes, grant# IRGEN_RG_2021-1345 Genomic Studies of Eukaryotic Taxa.
Submitted: November 21, 2022 EDT
Accepted: November 21, 2022 EDT
==========================

 Clarias monsembulai • A New Species of Air-Breathing Catfish (Siluriformes: Clariidae: Clarias) from Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo


  B, Clarias monsembulai Bernt & Stiassny, 2022
A, Clarias buthupogon Sauvage, 1879
 
 DOI: 10.1206/3990.1 
  digitallibrary.AMNH.org 

Abstract
A new species of air-breathing catfish, Clarias monsembulai, is described from Congo River tributaries within and bordering the Salonga National Park (Democratic Republic of the Congo). The new taxon is recognized by its exceptionally long, white barbels, which lend a superficial resemblance to Clarias buthupogon, from which it differs in characters of the cleithrum and pigmentation patterning. We suggest placement of this species into the subgenus Clarioides but note the current dearth of morphological data to unite members of this group. We additionally discuss the validity of the subspecies Clarias angolensis macronema.


Lateral view of Clarias monsembulai new species, holotype AMNH 244176, 226 mm SL. Luilaka River at Ilenge, Salonga National Park. Scale bar = 1 cm.

Exposed cleithrum (demarcated by dashed line) of A, Clarias buthupogon, AMNH 227571, 162 mm SL and B, Clarias monsembulai, AMNH 244162, 183 mm SL. Scale bar = 1 cm

Clarias monsembulai, new species
 
Diagnosis: Clarias monsembulai can be distinguished from all congeners, with the exception of C. buthupogon, by its exceptionally long maxillary barbels (60% of standard length or greater) vs. maxillary barbels less than 60% SL (usually considerably less). It differs from C. buthupogon in the absence of fine, pale spots over the surface of the body and by an exposed bony surface of the cleithrum reaching 14%–20% of head length (vs. cleithrum deeply imbedded in soft tissue with only a narrow bony ridge visible externally). Clarias monsembulai can be further differentiated from C. angolensis, the species with which it shares closest phenotypic similarity, by longer nasal barbels (37%–51% SL vs. 22%–34% SL), longer internal mandibular barbels (29–37% SL vs. 16–27% SL), longer external mandibular barbels (45%–57% SL vs. 24%–40% SL); and by the coloration of maxillary barbels which are white or cream-colored distally over more than half of their length (vs. brown or gray over more than half their length).

Distribution: The species is currently known only from the Momboyo, Luilaka, Salonga, and Yenge river systems within the Cuvette Centrale of the middle Congo River Basin (fig. 6). However additional collecting throughout the region will likely extend this range (E. Decru, personal commun.).

Etymology: Named in honor of Raoul Monsembula Iyaba (professor of biology, University of Kinshasa) for collecting the type series of this species, and in recognition of his substantial contributions to central African ichthyology.  




 Maxwell J. Bernt and Melanie L.J. Stiassny. 2022. A New Species of Air-Breathing Catfish (Clariidae: Clarias) from Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo. American Museum Novitates, (3990); 1-20. DOI: 10.1206/3990.1 
  digitallibrary.AMNH.org/handle/2246/7304
  greenpeace.org/africa/en/press/52281/say-hi-to-clarias-monsembulai-new-fish-species-discovered-in-the-congo-river

==========================

Nemacheilus cacao • A New Species of Loach (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from the middle Mekong Basin in Laos


Nemacheilus cacao
Bohlen, Kottelat & Šlechtová, 2022

 RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 70 
  LKCNHM.nus.edu.sg 

Abstract
 Nemacheilus cacao, new species, is described from the middle Mekong basin in Laos. It differs from all other species of Nemacheilus by having an incomplete lateral line; and adult males having a plain grey-brown body and head (except ventral side), and with extensive tuberculation on the flank, on the dorsal side of the pectoral fin and on the head and nape. The phylogenetic position of N. cacao in the Selangoricus clade of Nemacheilus, as a sister species to N. platiceps, is supported by the presence of bars on the body in juveniles and females as well as by genetic data.

 Key words. Cobitoidea, taxonomy, Khammouan, Nam Thorn, Xe Bangfai 


Live specimen of Nemacheilus cacao, new species, ZRC 62554, paratype, male, 61.5 mm SL;
 Laos: Khamouane province: Thakkhet district: small tributary of Nam Thorn at cave Tham Nang Eng
(Photo: J. Kühne).

Nemacheilus cacao, new species,
ZRC 62554, paratype, male, 61.5 mm SL.
ZRC 62553, holotype, 56.9 mm SL: mouth in ventral view, 
left suborbital flap in lateral view.
Nemacheilus cacao, new species

Diagnosis. Nemacheilus cacao is distinguished from all other species of the genus except N. platiceps in having an incomplete lateral line reaching between verticals of pelvicfin origin and of anus, with 33–49 pores (vs. complete). Nemacheilus cacao is most easily distinguished from N. platiceps by its colour pattern, with a uniform dark brown body in adult males. In contrast, N. platiceps has 12–16 narrow bars on the flank, clearly distinct at all sizes and both sexes. In addition, N. cacao is distinguished from N. platiceps by males having: a conspicuous suborbital flap (vs. poorly developed); dorsal surface of first 3–7 pectoral-fin rays covered by densely-set small tubercles; flank with a patch of scales each with a small tubercle (vs. absence of tubercles on pectoral fin and flanks).



Etymology. From Theobroma cacao, the cacao tree whose seeds are used to produce chocolate; itself derived from kakawa in some ancient Mesoamerican language (Kaufman & Justeson, 2007). A reference to the chocolate brown colour of large males. A noun in apposition, indeclinable
 

Jörg Bohlen, Maurice Kottelat and Vendula Šlechtová. 2022. Nemacheilus cacao, A New Species of Loach (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from the middle Mekong Basin in Laos. RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 70; 511–518.
 LKCNHM.nus.edu.sg/publications/raffles-bulletin-of-zoology/volumes/volume-70 

==========================

Harttia canastra • A New Species of Harttia (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio São Francisco Basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil


Harttia canastra
Caldas, Cherobim & Langeani, 2022

  DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0051    
 
Abstract
The genus Harttia belongs to the subfamily Loricariinae and has to date 27 described species, distributed in the drainages of Guiana Shield, Amazon and southeastern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the combination of: canal plate present; abdominal plates absent; trapezoid preanal plates; males with elongated and conspicuous odontodes on the first pectoral-fin ray and on the lateral region of the head, close to the canal plate; and dorsal-fin spinelet present. An identification key for the species of the rio São Francisco basin and a comparison between the new taxon and all other species of the genus are presented.

Keywords: Brazilian Crystalline Shield; Brazilian Plateau; Identification key; Streams; Waterfalls.


Harttia canastra, LIRP 651, male, holotype, 99.2 mm SL, Brazil, Minas Gerais State, rio São Francisco, São Roque de Minas municipality, Fazenda Casca D’Anta.
A. Dorsal view; B. Lateral view; C. Ventral view.

Harttia canastra, DZSJRP 20172, female, paratype, 80.9 mm SL, São José do Barreiro, riacho Grande, road Vargem Bonita to São José do Barreiro, towards Cachoeira Casca D’Anta.
A. Dorsal view; B. Lateral view; C. Ventral view.

Harttia canastra, new species

Diagnosis. The naked abdomen between pectoral- and pelvic-fin girdles readily discriminates Harttia canastra from Harttia absaberi Oyakawa, Fichberg & Langeani, 2013, H. dissidens Rapp Py-Daniel & Oliveira, 2001, H. duriventris Rapp Py-Daniel & Oliveira, 2001, H. fluminensis, H. fowleri (Pellegrin, 1908), H. longipinna, H. panara Oyakawa, Fichberg & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2018, H. punctata Rapp Py-Daniel & Oliveira, 2001, H. rhombocephala, H. rondoni Oyakawa, Fichberg & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2018, H. surinamensis Boeseman, 1971, H. trombetensis Rapp Py-Daniel & Oliveira, 2001, H. tuna, and H. villasboas Oyakawa, Fichberg & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2018 (vs. abdomen partially or completely covered by plates; Figs. 3B,C). Harttia canastra can be distinguished from H. carvalhoi Miranda Ribeiro, 1939, H. garavelloi Oyakawa, 1993, H. intermontana Oliveira & Oyakawa, 2019, H. kronei Miranda Ribeiro, 1908, H. leiopleura, and H. novalimensis by having preanal plates (vs. preanal plates absent; Figs. 3A,D,E). Furthermore, Harttia canastra can be distinguished from H. torrenticola by having two to four large trapezoidal preanal plates and dorsal-fin spinelet present (vs. two to four circular preanal plates and dorsal-fin spinelet absent; Fig. 3F). It differs from Harttia gracilis Oyakawa, 1993 in that its lower and upper caudal rays are of same size (vs. upper ray slightly longer than the lower one). Harttia canastra can be distinguished from H. guianensis Rapp Py-Daniel & Oliveira, 2001, H. loricariformis Steindachner, 1877, and H. uatumensis Rapp Py-Daniel & Oliveira, 2001 by the presence of the dorsal-fin spinelet and by the hypertrophy of odontodes in the lateral region of the head, close to the canal plate, and in the unbranched pectoral fin ray in adult males (vs. absence of the dorsal-fin spinelet and males without hypertrophied odontodes). Distinguished from Harttia depressa by body depth 40.0–66.7% and head depth 35.7–52.6% of HL (vs. extremely depressed body and head, respectively 27.0–33.3% and 31.2–35.7% of HL). It differs from H. merevari by having anterior region of head more rounded, darker coloration and adult males with hypertrophied odontodes (vs. anterior region of head more triangular, light or dark yellow with many spots and males without hypertrophied odontodes). Finally, in relation to the other species of the rio São Francisco basin, H. canastra is distinguished from H. longipinna by the absence of plates in the abdominal region between pectoral- and pelvic-fin girdles and by the equivalent anal-fin length both in males and females (respectively 11.7–18.2% and 11.7–18.7% of SL; vs. partially covered abdomen and anal-fin length longer in males than in females (respectively 20.0–25.0% and 13.9–16.1% of SL; Fig. 3B); from H. leiopleura and H. novalimensis for presenting preanal plates (vs. preanal plates absent; Figs. 3D,E); and from H. torrenticola by having two large preanal trapezoidal plates (vs. two to four circular minute preanal plates; Fig. 3F) and the dorsal-fin spinelet (vs. dorsal-fin spinelet absent).

Etymology. The name “canastra” refers to the Serra da Canastra, a mountain range located in the center-south of the state of Minas Gerais, which houses the headwaters of the rio São Francisco, where most of the specimens were collected. A noun in apposition.


Laís Caldas, Arieli Matheus Cherobim and Francisco Langeani. 2022. A New Species of Harttia from the rio São Francisco basin (Siluriformes: Loricariidae).   Neotrop. ichthyol. 20(4); DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0051    

Resumo: O gênero Harttia pertence à subfamília Loricariinae e possui 27 espécies descritas, distribuídas nas drenagens do Escudo das Guianas, Amazônica e do sudeste brasileiro. A nova espécie distingue-se das congêneres pela combinação de: placa do canal presente; placas abdominais ausentes; placas pré-anais trapezóides; machos com odontódeos alongados e conspícuos no primeiro raio da nadadeira peitoral e na região lateral da cabeça, próximo a placa do canal; e spinelet da nadadeira dorsal presente. Apresenta-se uma chave de identificação para as espécies da bacia do rio São Francisco e a comparação com todas as demais espécies do gênero.
Palavras-chave: Cachoeiras; Chave de identificação; Escudo Cristalino Brasileiro; Planalto Brasileiro; Riachos

==========================

Oxyurichthys omanensis • A New Eyebrow Goby (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Oman


Oxyurichthys omanensis
Zarei, Al Jufaili & Esmaeili, 2022 

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.4.3
 
Abstract
Oxyurichthys omanensis sp. nov. is described as a new gobiid species from a mudflat/estuary habitat in northern Oman. The new species is diagnosed among all currently recognised congeners by the following combination of character states: elongate tentacle on dorsoposterior surface of the eye; nape with well-developed membranous crest; nape scaled to above anterior half of opercle along sides with naked median along membranous crest, scales never reaching to above preopercle; opercle and pectoral base naked; scales ctenoid laterally on trunk posterior to base of second dorsal fin 3rd element; lateral scale rows 51–58, usually 51–56; transverse forward scale rows 23–29, usually 24–28; transverse rearward scale rows 14–16, usually 14–15; upper lip usually constricted at premaxillary symphysis; infraorbital transverse papillae row 2 reaching eye margin dorsally and markedly short of longitudinal row d ventrally; additional short transverse papillae rows between rows 2 and 3i present; dark saddle present over caudal peduncle; snout length 34.9–45.4% HL; second dorsal-fin longest ray 1.1–1.6 head depth; pelvic fin always reaching or passing anal-fin origin. The K2P genetic distances (%) in the mtDNA COI barcode region between O. omanensis and the other Oxyurichthys species were all high (11.2–30.6%) with the K2P nearest neighbor distance of 11.2% to O. cornutus and O. ophthalmonema.

Keywords: Pisces, Endemic, Gobioidei, Gobionellinae, Systematics, DNA Barcoding, Oman Sea basin


 Live specimens of Oxyurichthys omanensis collected from Yeti, northern Oman.
 Upper) ZM-CBSU S105-1, 54.5 mm SL, male, paratype;
lower) ZM-CBSU S105-3, 61.9 mm SL, male, paratype.

Oxyurichthys omanensis sp. nov.


Fatah Zarei, Saud M. Al Jufaili and Hamid Reza Esmaeili. 2022. Oxyurichthys omanensis sp. nov., A New Eyebrow Goby (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from Oman. Zootaxa. 5182(4);361-376. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.4.3

An enigmatic interstitial trichomycterine catfish from south-eastern Brazil found at about 1000 km away from its sister group (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae

)Author links open overlay panelWilson J.E.M.CostaaWagner M.S.SampaiobPatríciaGiongobFrederico B.de AlmeidacValter M.Azevedo-SantosdAxel M.Katza

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2022.02.007Get rights and contentAbstractDuring recent field studies in the upper Rio Paraná basin, south-eastern Brazil, a small undescribed trichomycterine catfish with interstitial habits was found. The combination of morphological character states exhibited by this species did not allow placement to any genus from eastern South America. A multigene phylogeny here performed strongly supported the new taxon as sister to Scleronema. Due to the confusing generic classification of the Trichomycterinae, the new taxon is formally placed in a new subgenus of Scleronema (Plesioscleronema subgen. nov.), instead of in a new monotypic genus. The inclusion of the new taxon in Scleronema implicated in a review of generic diagnostic morphological characters. Two apomorphic character states were found to be useful to diagnose Scleronema in this broader sense: presence of a skin flap on the posterior margin of the opercle and a unique frontal bone morphology. Scleronema auromaculatum spec. nov. differs from other trichomycterines by a unique morphology of the area involving the postero-dorsal portion of the quadrate and the adjacent region of the hyomandibula, the uroneural separated by the dorsal hypural plate by an interspace, and a widened hemal spine of the preural centre 2. The about 1000 km gap between the area where the new species was collected and the nearest collecting site of its sister group is probably a consequence of both anthropic environmental degradation and the specialised interstitial habits in this fish group, making it difficult to be found in ichthyological inventories.
IntroductionNeotropical freshwater fishes have been a focus of continued studies since the 17th century as a consequence of the enormous diversity present in the group (Vari & Malabarba 1998). However, species of fishes adapted to live in unusual habitats have been discovered and described only after recent studies directed to sample these habitats. For example, numerous species with interstitial habits belonging to different South American families of teleost fishes were recently described (e.g. Costa & Katz 2021a). Interstitial habits are found among most lineages of trichomycterid catfishes (Schaefer et al., 2005; Costa et al., 2020a), including the Trichomycterinae, a subfamily with over 260 species (Costa 2021).
Trichomycterines occur in a large array of aquatic ecosystems of the Neotropical region, between Costa Rica in southern Central America and Argentinean Patagonia in southern South America (Costa et al., 2021a). Studies on trichomycterines have been highly constrained by the confusing generic classification of the subfamily and low samples of species endemic to western South America in broad phylogenetic studies (Ochoa et al., 2017 2020; Katz et al., 2018; Costa et al., 2021a, b; Fernández et al., 2021). An exception is a trichomycterine clade endemic to eastern South America, which have been more studied, with representative samples of all lineages included in phylogenetic studies and explicit generic classification proposals based on monophyly (Katz et al., 2018; Costa et al., 2020b 2021a, b; Donin et al., 2020; Costa & Katz 2021b). This clade comprises the genera Cambeva Katz, Barbosa, Mattos & Costa, 2018, Scleronema Eigenmann, 1917, and Trichomycterus Valenciennes, 1832 (hereafter CST-clade).
Three specimens of a small new trichomycterine species, 30.2–36.8 mm standard length (SL), not obviously referable to any trichomycterine genus known to occur in eastern South America, were collected during a recent field inventory (February–August 2021) in the Rio Paranaíba drainage, upper Rio Paraná basin, south-eastern Brazil. These specimens had a prominent skin fold along the dorsal margin of the caudal peduncle that is only present in some species of Cambeva, Cambeva concolor (Costa 1992) and Cambeva variegata (Costa 1992) (Costa 1992), and in all species of Scleronema, suggesting that the new species belong to the clade comprising Cambeva and Scleronema (Katz et al., 2018). With a more detailed examination, it was possible to see the presence of a small skin flap on the posterior portion of the opercle that is diagnostic for Scleronema (Eigenmann 1917; Ferrer & Malabarba 2020), thus suggesting that the new species is closer to Scleronema than to Cambeva. However, the new taxon does not have several apomorphic conditions of the external morphology that occur in all species of Scleronema, such as the presence of a broad maxillary barbel base with a longitudinal skin fold, short barbels with the nasal barbel reaching the orbit or an area just posterior to it, and the first pectoral-fin ray shorter than adjacent rays without a terminal filament. In the new taxon, the basal part of the maxillary barbel is not widened and lacks a skin fold, the nasal barbel is long, nearly reaching the opercular patch of odontodes, and the first pectoral-fin ray is longer than the adjacent rays, terminating in a short filamentous tip (e.g. Arratia 1990; Ferrer & Malabarba 2020). After preparing specimens of the new species for osteological examination, it was clear that it also does not have the two synapomorphies proposed by Ferrer & Malabarba (2020) to diagnose Scleronema. In addition, the locality where the new species was found is about 1,000 km from the nearest locality recorded for Scleronema, in a highland region at about 970 m asl. Species of Scleronema occurs in a broad South American subtropical region comprising southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northeastern Argentina, always found in lowland rivers and streams (Ferrer & Malabarba 2020).
New collecting efforts to find additional specimens of the undescribed taxon in the same area were made on 3 November 2021. Even with intensive efforts for about 3 h, only five specimens 25.1–34.2 mm SL were found, all buried in gravel substrate. Field data thus indicated that this species is rare at its only known locality and that the species has interstitial habits. These additional specimens, including the first one fixed in alcohol for DNA studies, have allowed us to search for the phylogenetic relationships of this species. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are: to perform a multigene phylogenetic analysis to infer the phylogenetic position of the new enigmatic taxon among trichomycterines; to compare morphological features of the new taxon with other trichomycterines in order of to check additional morphological evidence supporting its phylogenetic positioning; and to provide a formal description for the new species.

​

==========================

Review of the spotted lizard loaches, Pseudohomaloptera (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae) with a re-description of Pseudohomaloptera sexmaculata and description of a new species from Sumatra

Zachary S. Randall,Gabriel A. Somarriba,Sampan Tongnunui,Lawrence M. Page
First published: 23 October 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15255Zoobank links: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:70D61B77-C346-4D0B-BCE4-EBE049436824
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:78C5F0EF-0525-494F-8A98-405157CCD81C
Funding information: Rules of Life, Grant/Award Number: NSF 1839915; Planetary Biodiversity Inventory, Grant/Award Number: DEB-0315963; oVert, Grant/Award Number: NSF DBI 1701714; NSF Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections, Grant/Award Numbers: DBI 1547229, EF 1115210

Read the full text
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractA review of the six recognized species of Pseudohomaloptera is provided. Counts in the original description of Pseudohomaloptera sexmaculata Fowler (1934) were incorrect and led to confusion in identifying populations of Pseudohomaloptera in mainland Southeast Asia, and the species is re-described. The validity of Homaloptera septemmaculata Fowler (1934) is investigated and confirmed as a junior synonym of P. sexmaculata. P. sexmaculata and Pseudohomaloptera leonardi, similar morphologically and often misidentified, are widely distributed in mainland Southeast Asia, with P. sexmaculata in the Chao Phraya, Mae Klong and Pran Buri River basins, and P. leonardi in the Malay Peninsula and the Chao Phraya and Mekong River basins. Pseudohomaloptera yunnanensis and Pseudohomaloptera vulgaris have been reported from the Mekong basin of Thailand and Laos but appear to be restricted to Yunnan Province, China. A new species of Pseudohomaloptera is described from Sumatra. This is the southern-most species and first record for the genus from the Indonesian island. An identification key is provided for all species of the genus.
==========================

A New Species of Silverside of the Genus Odontesthes (Atheriniformes: Atherinopsidae) with Hypertrophic Lips from a High-Altitude Basin in Southern Brazil

04-ih-110-04-04_680..689.pdf
File Size:	1680 kb
File Type:	pdf

Download File

---

==========================

Sternopygus sabaji • A New Species of Sternopygus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Atlantic Coast of the Guiana Shield


Sternopygus sabaji 
Torgersen & Albert, 2022

DOI: 10.1643/i2022013 
 twitter.com/IchsAndHerps

Abstract
Sternopygus sabaji, new species, is described from the Atlantic drainages of the Guiana Shield region of South America using traditional methods of morphometrics and meristics and microcomputed tomography (µCT) scans for osteological analysis. The new species is diagnosed from all other species of Sternopygus by the lack of dentition on the anteroventral surface of the endopterygoid and by the possession of a wider mouth. It further differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: reduced humeral spot with low-contrast and poorly defined margins, possession of a light-colored mid-lateral stripe along posterior portion of lateral line, possession of 1–3 dark saddle-like markings along dorsum of smaller individuals, and a relatively low precaudal vertebrae count. This work provides the first description of a species of Sternopygus that is endemic to the Guiana Shield, joining S. astrabes and S. macrurus in elevating the species richness of the clade in that region to three species and the total number of valid Sternopygus to ten species.


Sternopygus sabaji, holotype, ANSP 208090 (374 mm TL).
 (A) Full body view; (B) closeup of head. Position of anus and urogenital papilla indicated by arrow.
Scale bar = 1 cm.

Paratype specimen of Sternopygus sabaji ANSP 189018 (146 mm TL).
(A) Specimen with live coloration, photo taken after collection in 2007.
 (B) Same specimen with preserved coloration photographed in 2021.
Scale bar = 1 cm. Photo of specimen with live coloration by Mark Sabaj.

Sternopygus sabaji, new species

Etymology.--This species is named in honor of Dr. Mark Henry Sabaj, of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, for his many contributions to the exploration and understanding of Neotropical aquatic diversity. The authors also acknowledge his role in collecting and photographing the specimens of the type series and his help to the authors in obtaining specimen loans for this study. 

Distribution.— Sternopygus sabaji is known from the Marowijne (Maroni) and Essequibo drainage basins where it is found sympatrically with S. macrurus and possibly another undescribed member of the genus (Fig. 10).
 
 
Kevin T. Torgersen and James S. Albert. 2022. A New Species of Sternopygus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Atlantic Coast of the Guiana Shield. Ichthyology & Herpetology. 110(4), 714-727. DOI: 10.1643/i2022013 
 twitter.com/IchsAndHerps/status/1589645981225582592

==========================

Pangasius icaria • A New Pangasius (Valenciennes, 1840) Species (Siluriformes: Pangasiidae), from the Cauvery River extends Distribution Range of the Genus up to South Western Ghats in peninsular India

Pangasius icaria
Ayyathurai, Kodeeswaran, Mohindra, Singh, Ravi, Kumar, Valaparambil, Thangappan, Jena & Lal,  2022

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14258

Abstract 
A new species of the genus Pangasius, is described based on 17 specimens collected from the Cauvery River, India. It can be distinguished from its sister species from South and Southeast Asia, by its widely placed, small and rounded vomerine and palatine tooth plates, longer maxillary and mandibular barbels, greater vertebrae count 50 (vs. 44–48), and smaller caudal peduncle depth (6.5–8.2% SL vs. 9.89–13.09% SL). The tooth plates of the new species closely resembles that of Pangasius macronema but can be clearly distinguished from the latter by having lesser gill rakers (16–19 vs. 36–45); a smaller eye (2.4–4.4% SL vs. 5.2–9.6% SL); and larger adipose-fin base (1.5–2.9% SL vs. 0.1–1.2% SL). The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene sequence of the new species shows the genetic divergence of 3.5% and 5.1% from P. pangasius and P. silasi respectively, the two sister species found in South Asia and India. The species delimitation approaches, Poisson Tree Processes (PTP) and assemble species by automatic partitioning (ASAP) clearly resolved that the P. icaria is distinct from its sister species. Phylogenetic position of the species with its sister species was evaluated using maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis. The discovery of this previously unknown species of genus Pangasius from the Cauvery River of peninsular India indicates important biogeographical insight that this genus migrated till the southern division of Western Ghats.



  Pangasius icaria, holotype, NBFGR/ PANPTAM, 211.6 mm SL.
(A) Lateral; (B) dorsal; (C) ventral views
 Tamil Nadu, Salem district, Mettur Dam, Cauvery River.

Pangasius icaria, sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Pangasius icaria differs from all the sister species of south Asia by by the following combination of characters: a set of widely placed, small and rounded vomerine and palatine tooth plates, moderately rounded snout on dorsally viewed, maxillary barbel reaching beyond the base of the pectoral spine, eye diameter 2.4–4.4% SL, smaller-interorbital distance 10.1–12.4% SL, caudal peduncle depth 6.5–8.2% SL, filamentous first dorsal- and pectoral-fin ray, gill rakers 16–19, 50 vertebrae and a reddish dorsal-, anal- and pectoral-fin base.

Habitat and distribution. Presently known only from Cauvery River basin collected from two locations, at Mettur Dam, and in the upstream of Shivanasamudra Falls, Chamarajanagar, Karnataka. The species was collected using a gill net at a depth of 5–15 m during the discharge of water from the main dam (Fig. 6).

Etymology. The species is named after the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and used its abbreviated form. ICAR is the parent organization for NBFGR, which has conducted this research.


Conclusions: 
A new species of the genus Pangasius is described that was collected from the Cauvery River, Tamil Nadu, India. This new discovery of P. icaria clearly highlights the native presence of genus Pangasius in peninsular India and is represented by two recorded divergent species. Future research and explorations are needed to ascertain the distributional range of this endemic species for devising conservation and management of the species and also to evaluate for its aquaculture utilization potential.


 Kathirvelpandian P.V. Ayyathurai, Paramasivam Kodeeswaran, Vindhya Mohindra, Rajeev K. Singh, Charan Ravi, Rahul Kumar, BasheerSaidmuhammed Valaparambil, Ajith Kumar Thipramalai Thangappan, Joykrushna Jena and Kuldeep K. Lal​. 2022. Description of A New Pangasius (Valenciennes, 1840) Species, from the Cauvery River extends Distribution Range of the Genus up to South Western Ghats in peninsular India. PeerJ. 10:e14258. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14258

==========================

Hyporthodus griseofasciatus • A New Species of Deep-water Grouper (Perciformes: Epinephelidae) from the west coast of Australia


Hyporthodus griseofasciatus
Moore, Wakefield, DiBattista & Newman, 2022.

DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15231 
 twitter.com/WestOzFish 

Abstract
A new species of deep-water epinephelid fish is described from the west coast of Australia based on 14 specimens, 99–595 mm standard length. Hyporthodus griseofasciatus sp. nov. is endemic to Western Australia from Barrow Island to Two Peoples Bay in depths of 76–470 m. It has a series of eight grey bands alternating with eight brown bands along the body and the soft dorsal, soft anal and caudal fin margins are pale cream to white. It is distinguished from its nearest congener, H. ergastularius, by the presence of a star-like pattern of radiating lines on the head versus an overall brownish colour in the latter as well as significant differences in the quantitative analyses of 25 morphological characters. The two species have allopatric distributions on either side of the Australian continent. H. griseofasciatus is distinguished from H. octofasciatus by several grey bands being distinctly narrower than other grey bands (vs. all grey bands subequal in the latter) and the presence of broad white margins on the dorsal, caudal and anal fins (vs. narrow or absent in the latter). Some scale counts appear to also differ. Analyses of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 sequences revealed reciprocally monophyletic clades with fixed differences and genetic distances typical of recently diverged species of fishes.

Keywords: barcod, eightbar, Epinephelus, ergastularius, greyband, octofasciatus, septemfasciatus


Hyporthodus griseofasciatus sp. nov.
 Holotype WAM P.34486-001. 321 mm SL.
Two Peoples Bay canyon, WA, Australia, fresh.  
 twitter.com/WestOzFish 

Hyporthodus griseofasciatus new species
New standard common name: Greybanded Grouper.

DIAGNOSIS: A species of Hyporthodus with dorsal-fin rays XI, 14; anal-fin rays III, 9; pectoral-fin rays 18–19; caudal-fin rounded (smaller specimens) to truncate (larger specimens); lateral-scale series 101–126; gill rakers 8–9+14–15 = 23–24; transverse scale rows below lateral line 24–36; circum-peduncular scales 39–51; H. griseofasciatus can be distinguished from H. octofasciatus by a body with seven broad equal-width dark-brown bands alternating with grey bands (may be faint) of unequal widths (equal widths in the latter), and from H. ergastularius by a head with five to eight dark-brown bands with grey interspaces appearing as a star radiating from the eye (overall brown in the latter); caudal, dorsal and anal fins often with a defined white margin.

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name griseofasciatus is derived from the Latin griseo (grey) and fasciata (band). Adjective, masculine. This reflects the unique vernacular name most frequently applied to this species by anglers in Western Australia, ‘greyband’, in reference to the grey colour of the pale bands. Although this descriptor is not diagnostic for the new species (most Hyporthodus species have grey bands), we have followed the naming guidelines of Yearsley et al. (2006), which clearly states that ‘historical names in regular use or widely accepted names’ and ‘a regional name where the species is most commonly encountered/caught’ have priority. The presence of multiple grey bands dictates the use of ‘greybanded’ rather than ‘greyband’ (Yearsley et al., 2006). The preference for ‘grouper’ rather than ‘cod’ as the common group name for Epinephelidae is consistent with Rees et al. (2018) and follows the group name guidelines of Yearsley et al. (2006).


Glenn I. Moore, Corey B. Wakefield, Joseph D. DiBattista and Stephen J. Newman. 2022. Hyporthodus griseofasciatus (Perciformes: Epinephelidae), A New Species of Deep-water Grouper from the west coast of Australia. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15231
  twitter.com/WestOzFish/status/1590881447103328256

==========================

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑠 - A new species of the genus #𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑠 (Siluriformes: #Sisoridae) from #ArunachalPradesh, India. #TorrentCatfish #Sisorid #Catfishes PDF (ResearchGate) - https://bit.ly/3O5wAOD
==========================

A taxonomic review of the vampire catfish genus Paracanthopoma Giltay, 1935 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of nine new species and a revised diagnosis of the genusAuthors

• Mário de PinnaUniversidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-4816
• Fernando Cesar Paiva DagostaUniversidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais. Dourados, MS, Brasil.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7163-296X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.072Keywords: Biodiversity, Evolution, Micropredation, Monophyly, ParasitismABSTRACTA taxonomic revision is presented of the genus Paracanthopoma, probably the least-known vandelliine genus at present. The work is based on most of the material available in museums worldwide and includes a major expansion in the knowledge about the genus. Paracanthopoma is circumscribed as a monophyletic group on the basis of nine putatively synapomorphic characters. Evidence is provided for Paracanthopoma and Paravandellia as sister groups and the two genera are comparatively diagnosed. A total of 13 species are recognized in Paracanthopoma, of which nine are new and one is transferred from Paravandellia: Pc. ahriman, new species, Pc. alleynei (Henschel et al., 2021), Pc. carrapata, new species, Pc. cangussu Henschel et al., 2021, Pc. capeta, new species, Pc. daemon, new species, Pc. irritans, new species, Pc. malevola, new species, Pc. parva Giltay, 1935, Pc. saci Dagosta & de Pinna, 2021, Pc. satanica, new species, Pc. truculenta, new species, and Pc. vampyra, new species. Different species display a high degree of phenotypic divergence and are diagnosed on the basis of traditional as well as new morphological characters of both external and internal anatomy. Geographical distributions are mapped for each species and an identification key is provided. Preliminary evidence suggests the existence of four main subclades within Paracanthopoma. The first one includes Pc. ahriman, Pc. cangussu, and Pc. irritans. A second subclade comprises Pc. carrapata, Pc. daemon, Pc. parva, and Pc. truculenta. A third clade includes Pc. malevola and Pc. satanica and a fourth comprises Pc. alleynei and Pc. vampyra. The last clade lacks some putative synapomorphies of all other members of Paracanthopoma and seems to be the sister group to the rest of the genus. Relationships of Pc. capeta and Pc. saci are not as clear, but some evidence exists for the former being related to the first subclade and the latter to the second subclade.
==========================

4 November 2022

A New Species of Sternopygus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Atlantic Coast of the Guiana Shield
Kevin T. Torgersen, James S. Albert
Author Affiliations +
Ichthyology & Herpetology, 110(4):714-727 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2022013

AbstractSternopygus sabaji, new species, is described from the Atlantic drainages of the Guiana Shield region of South America using traditional methods of morphometrics and meristics and microcomputed tomography (µCT) scans for osteological analysis. The new species is diagnosed from all other species of Sternopygus by the lack of dentition on the anteroventral surface of the endopterygoid and by the possession of a wider mouth. It further differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: reduced humeral spot with low-contrast and poorly defined margins, possession of a light-colored mid-lateral stripe along posterior portion of lateral line, possession of 1–3 dark saddle-like markings along dorsum of smaller individuals, and a relatively low precaudal vertebrae count. This work provides the first description of a species of Sternopygus that is endemic to the Guiana Shield, joining S. astrabes and S. macrurus in elevating the species richness of the clade in that region to three species and the total number of valid Sternopygus to ten species.

© 2022 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Citation Download Citation
Kevin T. Torgersen and James S. Albert "A New Species of Sternopygus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Atlantic Coast of the Guiana Shield," Ichthyology & Herpetology 110(4), 714-727, (4 November 2022). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2022013
Received: 21 January 2022; Accepted: 9 July 2022; Published: 4 November 2022

Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the cichlid genus Hemichromis (Teleostei, Cichliformes, Cichlidae), with description of a new genus and revalidation of H. angolensi
AbstractThe tribe Hemichromini is an early diverging, mainly Central and West African lineage within the species-rich African cichlid fishes (Cichliformes, Cichlidae) including two genera, Hemichromis Peters 1858 and the monotypic Anomalochromis Greenwood 1985. Though many of the species are popular aquarium fish, the number of hemichromine species is still a matter of debate with their phylogenetic relationships largely unknown. Based on DNA sequence data of two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes, we present the first comprehensive phylogeny of the Hemichromini. Using an integrative approach based on these DNA sequences data, morphometrics, meristics, and a qualitative assessment of body coloration, we revise the genus Hemichromis and discuss intrageneric relationships. Two major groups within the genus Hemichromis that diverged roughly 6–12 MYA are recognized, of which the first one represents Hemichromis sensu stricto, for the second one a new genus, Rubricatochromis, is described. Diversification with these two main groups started about 3–6 MYA, with different trajectories of colonization in the two groups. Hemichromis populations from the most southern (Cuanza, Zambezi, and Okavango) part of the genus’ distribution range constitute a well-supported clade distinct from all other members of Hemichromis, for which the taxon H. angolensis Steindachner, 1865 is confirmed.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

==========================

• ADVANCES IN CICHLID RESEARCH V
• Published: 27 October 2022

Unrecognized species diversity and endemism in the cichlid genus Bujurquina (Teleostei: Cichlidae) together with a molecular phylogeny document large-scale transformation of the western Amazonian river network and reveal complex paleogeography of the Ecuadorian Amazon

• Oldřich Říčan, 
• Štěpánka Říčanová, 
• Luis Roger Rodriguez Haro & 
• Cecilia Elizabeth Rodriguez Haro 

Hydrobiologia (2022)Cite this article

• 1 Accesses
  
• 11 Altmetric
  
• Metricsdetails
  

AbstractBujurquina is the most widely distributed and species-rich genus of cichlids in the western Amazon of South America, yet beyond a few taxonomic studies remains almost completely unknown. We use a newly obtained collection of Bujurquina specimens which for the first time provides a representative sampling throughout its whole distribution area. Based on morphological and molecular data, we provide the first phylogenetic analyses of the genus, review the diversity of species in the genus and interpret its evolution with focus on the Bujurquina fauna of Ecuador. The Bujurquina fauna of Ecuador presently includes only two supposedly endemic species (B. zamorensis and B. pardus) plus based on some studies two to three Peruvian species, which we find to be erroneous. Our results identify in Ecuador at least 12 species, 11 of which are also identified in the molecular phylogeny. The large-scale phylogeny and biogeography of Bujurquina in the western Amazon are found to be in very good agreement with geological evolution of the western Amazon. Over the smaller scale of the Ecuadorian Amazon, our results for the first time reveal a complex paleogeography with a reconstructed river network reconfiguration.

==========================

Taxonomic investigation of the zooplanktivorous Lake Malawi cichlids Copadichromis mloto (Iles) and C. virginalis (Iles)

• G. F. Turner, 
• D. A. Crampton, 
• B. Rusuwa, 
• A. Hooft van Huysduynen & 
• H. Svardal 

Hydrobiologia (2022)Cite this article

• 2 Altmetric
• Metricsdetails

AbstractThe taxonomic status of the zooplanktivorous cichlids Copadichromis mloto and C. virginalis has been confused since their original descriptions by lles in 1960. Whilst two forms of C. virginalis, ‘Kaduna’ and ‘Kajose’, were distinguished in the type material, C. mloto has not been positively identified since its original description. Here we re-examined the types as well as 54 recently collected specimens from multiple sampling locations. Genome sequencing of 51 recent specimens revealed two closely related but reciprocally monophyletic clades. Geometric morphological analysis indicated that one clade morphologically encompasses the type specimens of C. virginalis identified by Iles as the Kaduna form, including the holotype, whilst the other clade encompasses not only the paratypes identified as the Kajose form, but also the type series of C. mloto. Given that all three forms in Iles’s type series are from the same locality, that there are no meristic or character states to differentiate them and that there are no records of adult male C. mloto in breeding colours, we conclude that the Kajose form previously identified as C. virginalis represents relatively deeper bodied sexually active or maturing individuals of C. mloto.
IntroductionThe Lake Malawi haplochromine cichlids represent the most species-rich vertebrate adaptive radiation known, comprising around 800 species (Konings, 2016) rapidly evolved from a common ancestor in a single lake (Malinsky et al., 2018; Svardal et al., 2020), and as such they represent a particularly difficult taxonomic challenge (Snoeks, 2004). The utaka are a group of zooplankton feeding cichlids that are both ecologically significant and commercially important as a food fish (Turner, 1996). Most utaka species are currently assigned to the genus Copadichromis, characterised by their relatively small, highly protrusible mouths and numerous long gill rakers (Eccles & Trewavas, 1989; Konings, 2016). They are generally silvery, countershaded and carry several dark spots on their flanks, although this is obscured in the reproductively active males that are conspicuously dark blue or black (Konings, 2016). A few species, known as ‘pure utaka’ lack flank spots entirely (Iles, 1960). The status of these has been confused for over 60 years, since the descriptions of Copadichromis mloto (Iles, 1960) and Copadichromis virginalis (Iles, 1960), both described from material collected at Nkhata Bay in the middle of the western shore of the lake. The former species was distinguished from the latter by its more slender build, but all other morphometric traits and all meristic counts overlapped (Iles, 1960). Whilst the original descriptions presented information on male breeding characteristics (often a key feature for discriminating closely related cichlid species) for C. virginalis, none were given for C. mloto which all appeared to be spent or reproductively inactive individuals. In the intervening years, no breeding adults of C. mloto were positively identified in collections, although Konings (2016) illustrated specimens proposed to be C. mloto that resemble those commonly assigned to C. virginalis in commercial trawl catches (Turner, 1996), but which had been assigned as C. mloto in earlier publications (e.g. Axelrod & Burgess, 1986). Further confusing matters, Iles’s original description of C. virginalis discussed two distinct sympatric forms which he recorded local fishermen referring to as ‘Kaduna’ (including the holotype) and ‘Kajose’ (included in the type series). Subsequent authors (e.g. Turner, 1996; Konings, 2016) suggested that these may be different species—a possibility tentatively discussed by Iles. In the course of a wider investigation of the Lake Malawi cichlid fauna, we were able to obtain a large number of specimens of ‘pure utaka’ from a number of locations in 2016–2017, which we used to investigate the status of C. mloto and C. virginalis using a phylogeny constructed from whole-genome sequences, coupled with geometric morphometric comparisons with Iles’ type material.
Methods and materialsThis study was based on the type material of Haplochromis mloto and H. virginalis examined and photographed in the Natural History Museum in London, along with 54 specimens collected from various locations around Lake Malawi in 2016–2017. The types of H. virginalis were classified by Iles into Kaduna and Kajose forms: these were separately catalogued: the holotype is a female Kaduna morph. During our examinations, external morphology suggested that two of the specimens were misclassified (perhaps through a mix-up by a later researcher), with the 88.3 mm SL individual in jar labelled as Kaduna looking more like a Kajose and the 96.5 mm SL Kajose looking more like a Kaduna. We used the re-classified identities in our analyses.
The freshly collected specimens were purchased from fishermen, and if not already dead, euthanised with anaesthetic overdose (clove oil); the right pectoral fin was cut off and placed in a vial of pure ethanol; the specimen pinned, labelled and photographed before being preserved in formalin after rigor mortis had set in, before being washed and preserved in ethanol. Morphometric analysis was based on digital analysis of the field photographs, along with photographs taken of the type material. Previous studies had examined meristics and morphological character states and did not find any diagnostic differences between the species (Iles, 1960; Eccles & Trewavas, 1989). Iles (1960) suggested that C. mloto had smaller teeth than similar species, but this was not supported by preliminary investigations—across species, large adult males were found to have strong simple teeth and whilst smaller fish had relatively smaller teeth, generally bicuspid in the outer row and tricuspid in the inner rows. This was not investigated further.
For geometric morphometric (GM) analysis, tpsUTIL (Rohlf, 2004) was used to build a file from scaled photographs, co-ordinates were recorded by tpsDig2 ver 2 (Rohlf, 2015) using the landmark tool, and provided with scale factors. We selected 15 homologous landmarks on the full specimen (Fig. 1). A CVS file containing the x and y coordinates of the landmarks for each specimen was then created and imported into MorphoJ (Klingenberg, 2011). Before Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was run on the geometric morphometric data, a generalised Procrustes analysis (GPA) was applied on the landmark data, to mathematically remove non-shape variation (Bookstein, 1989; Rohlf & Slice, 1990; Parés-Casanova et al., 2020). This was intended to eliminate morphological variation resulting from the size, position or orientation of the specimens. Then, a covariance matrix was generated from the resulting Procrustes shape coordinates and lastly the PCA was carried out. The resulting PC scores and centroid sizes were then imported into IBM SPSS Statistics 27, and One-Way Analysis of Variance used to test for group differences amongst component scores and centroid sizes (CS: a measure of overall body size) amongst the following 5 groups: types of H. mloto, types of H. virginalis (Kaduna), types of H. virginalis Kajose, sequenced C. mloto and sequenced C. virginalis. Post hoc tests (Tukey) were used to identify significant differences amongst groups, after simultaneous Bonferroni correction. Correlations between CS and PC scores were also calculated to aid interpretation.

=====================

A new species of Sturisoma Swainson, 1838 (Loricariidae: Loricariinae) from the Madeira River basin, with a discussion of historical biogeography of western Amazonas and Paraguay River basinsAlejandro Londoño-Burbano,Marcelo R. Britto
First published: 18 October 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15251This article has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Fish Biology and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/jfb.15251.

PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractA new loricariin species of Sturisoma is described from the Cautário, Guaporé, Mamoré, Machado and Soteiro rivers, Madeira River basin, in Bolivia and Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the presence of a middorsal longitudinal, thin dark brown stripe on caudal peduncle, extending from two or three plates posterior to dorsal-fin base, reaching origin of caudal fin, or one or two plates anterior to origin o caudal fin; small squarish anteriormost abdominal plates; and a middorsal longitudinal dark brown stripe from first pre-dorsal plate, to near the dorsal-fin origin. Furthermore, the new species is diagnosed from congeners by plate morphology, counts on the median series, coalescent plates, and ventrolateral thoracic plates, in addition to measurements related to body and head structures. An analysis of genetic distances using COI marker of the mitochondrial genome between the new species and several congeners is presented; in addition to a likelihood analysis to illustrate the position of the new taxon within Sturisoma. An identification key for species of the genus currently recorded at the upper Amazonas River basin is offered.

==========================

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑝𝑢𝑘𝑢𝑖𝑥𝑒, a new species of Oto catfish from the rio Pardo basin, Bahia State, Brazil is described in The Journal of Fish Biology.


This new species differs from the majority of other 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠 by the presence of a rudimentary adipose fin.
Paywall - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfb.15235
𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝗧𝗶𝘁𝗹𝗲
A new species of 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠 (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Pardo basin, Bahia State, Brazil, with comments on sexually dimorphic traits of the nares and olfactory lamellae
𝗖𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
Junior, D.E.S. and Zanata, A.M. (2022), A new species of 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠 (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the rio Pardo basin, Bahia State, Brazil, with comments on sexually dimorphic traits of the nares and olfactory lamellae. J Fish Biol. Accepted Author Manuscript. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15235
𝗔𝗯𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁
A new species of 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠 is described from lower rio Pardo basin, Bahia, Brazil.
The new species differs from the majority of its congeners by the presence of a rudimentary or vestigial adipose fin, restricted to 1–3 small unpaired plates on the typical location of the fin. The new species differs from congeners that lack a well-developed adipose fin, and also from various other congeners, by a series of features including the absence of unicuspid accessory teeth and abdomen completely covered by plates similar in size.
Additionally, mature males of the new species possess hypertrophied and higher number of olfactory lamellae, when compared to similar sized or even larger females. Hypertrophied and higher number of olfactory lamellae in males is shared with the congeners from the Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion examined to the feature.
𝗘𝘁𝘆𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆
The specific name derives from the word 'pukuixê', from the Pataxoha language used by the native Pataxo Indigenous tribe. The Pataxo tribe historically occupies the south and extreme south coastal
areas of Bahia State. Pukuixê means 'the first' and is used herein in allusion to the species being the first of the genus having the rio Pardo as its type locality. A noun in apposition.
𝗜𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗲
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑝𝑢𝑘𝑢𝑖𝑥𝑒 sp. nov., holotype. MZUSP 126858, 36.4 mm LS, female, Brazil, Bahia State, Camacan, Fazenda Tupinambá, rio Braço do Sul, tributary of rio Panelao, rio Pardo basin, 18 Out 2013, A. M. Zanata, T. Ramos, L. Oliveira & T. Duar

==========================

Garra rezai • A New Species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Two widely disjunct Areas in the Tigris Drainage


Garra rezai 
Mousavi-Sabet, Eagderi, Saemi-Komsari, Kaya & Freyhof, 2022

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.5.2
  twitter.com/jorg_freyhof 
 
Abstract
Garra rezai, new species, is described from the Chooman, a tributary of the Lesser Zab in Iran, and from headwaters of the Yanarsu, a tributary of the upper Tigris in Turkey. It is distinguished from its congeners in the Garra variabilis species group by having two pairs of barbels, a well-developed mental disc, 35–40 total scales along the lateral line, 15–19 scales along the predorsal midline, and 15–18 circumpeduncular scales. It is further characterised by having ten diagnostic nucleotide substitutions and the K2P genetic distances with the closest species i.e. G. klatti, G. kemali and G. variabilis as 11.9, 12.0, and 13.7%, respectively in the mtDNA COI barcode region.
Keywords: Pisces, Freshwater fish, Taxonomy, Cytochrome oxidase I, Middle East.



Garra rezai, new species

Hamed Mousavi-Sabet, Soheil Eagderi, Maryam Saemi-Komsari, Cüneyt Kaya and Jörg Freyhof. 2022. Garra rezai, A New Species from Two Widely Disjunct Areas in the Tigris Drainage (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa. 5195(5); 419-436. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5195.5.2
  twitter.com/jorg_freyhof/status/1580811828913111040
Researchgate.net/publication/364327436_Garra_rezai_a_new_species_from_the_Tigris_drainage

==========================

Tujiaaspis vividus • Galeaspid Anatomy and the Origin of Vertebrate Paired Appendages


Tujiaaspis vividus
Gai, Li, Ferrón, Keating, Wang, Donoghue & Zhu, 2022

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04897-6

Abstract
Paired fins are a major innovation that evolved in the jawed vertebrate lineage after divergence from living jawless vertebrates. Extinct jawless armoured stem gnathostomes show a diversity of paired body-wall extensions, ranging from skeletal processes to simple flaps. By contrast, osteostracans (a sister group to jawed vertebrates) are interpreted to have the first true paired appendages in a pectoral position, with pelvic appendages evolving later in association with jaws. Here we show, on the basis of articulated remains of Tujiaaspis vividus from the Silurian period of China, that galeaspids (a sister group to both osteostracans and jawed vertebrates) possessed three unpaired dorsal fins, an approximately symmetrical hypochordal tail and a pair of continuous, branchial-to-caudal ventrolateral fins. The ventrolateral fins are similar to paired fin flaps in other stem gnathostomes, and specifically to the ventrolateral ridges of cephalaspid osteostracans that also possess differentiated pectoral fins. The ventrolateral fins are compatible with aspects of the fin-fold hypothesis for the origin of vertebrate paired appendages. Galeaspids have a precursor condition to osteostracans and jawed vertebrates in which paired fins arose initially as continuous pectoral–pelvic lateral fins that our computed fluid-dynamics experiments show passively generated lift. Only later in the stem lineage to osteostracans and jawed vertebrates did pectoral fins differentiate anteriorly. This later differentiation was followed by restriction of the remaining field of fin competence to a pelvic position, facilitating active propulsion and steering.





Systematic palaeontology
Class Galeaspida Tarlo, 1967
Order Eugaleaspidiformes Liu, 1980

Tujiaaspis vividus gen. et sp. nov.

Etymology. The genus name tujia, Pinyin for the Tujia people, a minority ethnic group in China, in reference to the two fossil sites located in Xiangxi Tujia, Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province, and Xiushan Tujia, Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing Municipality; aspis (Gr.), shield; and species name vividus (L.), spirited, full of life.

Holotype. A nearly complete fish accessioned as Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) V26668 (Fig. 1).





 
Zhikun Gai, Qiang Li, Humberto G. Ferrón, Joseph N. Keating, Junqing Wang, Philip C. J. Donoghue and Min Zhu. 2022.  Galeaspid Anatomy and the Origin of Vertebrate Paired Appendages. Nature. 609, 959–963. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04897-6
bristol.ac.uk/biology/news/2022/dead-fish-breathes-new-life-into-the-evolutionary-origin-of-fins-and-limbs.html

==========================

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0040 

  Taxonomy of the armored catfish genus Aspidoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) revisited, with the description of a new species  Aspidoras aldebaram
Luiz Fernando Caserta TencattMarcelo R. BrittoIsaäc Jan Hendrik Isbrücker
Carla Simone PavanelliABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractAspidoras comprises 25 species currently considered as valid, being widely distributed in Brazil, occurring from the upper rio Paraná basin in São Paulo to coastal basins of Ceará. After Nijssen, Isbrücker’s review more than 40 years ago, no extensive work regarding the taxonomy of Aspidoras was conducted. Our paper presents a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus, based primarily on the extensive material that has been collected since then. Considering the new diagnosis plus the available phylogenetic data, A. pauciradiatus and A. virgulatus are transferred to Corydoras and Scleromystax, respectively. New synonymies are proposed: A. eurycephalus and A. taurus with A. albater; A. menezesi and A. spilotus with A. raimundi; and A. microgalaeus and A. marianae with A. poecilus. Additionally, a new species from the Araguaia and Paraguay river basins is described, which can be distinguished from its congeners by the morphology of its complex vertebra and infraorbital 1. Thereby, the number of valid species within Aspidoras was reduced from 25 to 18. Redescriptions for A. albater, A. belenos, A. depinnai, A. fuscoguttatus, A. lakoi, A. maculosus, A. poecilus, A. psammatides, A. raimundi, and A. velites are provided. An identification key to the species of Aspidoras is also provided.
Keywords:
Aspidoradini; Corydoradinae; Identification key; Osteology; Taxonomy
INTRODUCTIONThe Callichthyidae armoured catfishes can be promptly distinguished from all other Siluriformes by the presence of two longitudinal series of dermal plates on flanks (Reis, 2003). The family currently consists of around 200 valid species distributed in eight genera (Reis, 2003; Fricke et al., 2021). Aspidoras, its second largest genus, was described by Ihering, (1907) as a monotypic genus harboring the then newly described species, A. rochai. According to Ihering (1907:30) the genus is recognized by the presence of the following unique combination of features: (I) two pairs of dorsolateral body plates between the parieto-supraoccipital and dorsal-fin base; (II) parieto-supraoccipital nearly hexagonal, with poorly developed posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital; (III) head conspicuously deep, not depressed, rounded anteriorly and slightly laterally compressed; (IV) scapulocoracoid entirely covered by skin on ventral portion of the body; (V) barbels short, not reaching anteroventral limit of gill opening.
Gosline (1940), in his revisionary study of the Callichthyidae, proposed a new diagnosis for Aspidoras based on the presence of the following combination of features: (I) head compressed; (II) lower lip reverted, forming a single pair of barbels, besides the outer mental barbel; (III) outer mental barbel reaching region of anteroventral limit of gill opening; (IV) eye slightly elevated; (V) first infraorbital naked (likely meaning exposed); (VI) fontanel small, roundish, its size nearly equal to half of the bony orbit diameter; (VII) posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital short and broad; (VIII) dorsolateral body plates touching their counterparts between the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital and nuchal plate; (IX) region of pectoral girdle entirely covered by skin; (X) dorsal fin I,7, its base slightly shorter than distance between dorsal and adipose fins; and (XI) caudal fin forked (Gosline, 1940:10). Although 33 years had passed between the description of the genus and Gosline’s work, Aspidoras was still considered monotypic by the author. The description of the second species within the genus, Aspidoras lakoiMiranda Ribeiro, 1949, was published 42 years after Ihering’s work (1907). The designation of a lectotype for A. rochai came 62 years after its description (Britski, 1969:206).
Nijssen, Isbrücker (1976) presented the first comprehensive taxonomic review of Aspidoras, recognizing a total of 13 species. In addition to A. rochai and A. lakoi, nine species were then described, viz., A. albater, A. brunneus, A. carvalhoi, A. eurycephalus, A. fuscoguttatus, A. maculosus, A. menezesi, A. poecilus, and A. spilotus, and two species species previously assigned to Corydoras Lacepède, 1803, C. raimundiSteindachner, 1907 and C. pauciradiatusWeitzman, Nijssen, 1970, were transferred to Aspidoras. The authors also provided a new diagnosis for the genus (see Nijssen, Isbrücker, 1976:109), distinguishing Aspidoras from the other genera of Callichthyidae by the presence of two cranial fontanels, the posterior one in the parieto-supraoccipital and the anterior one between frontals (vs. a single fontanel).
Subsequent to Nijssen, Isbrücker’s (1980a) description of Aspidoras virgulatus, the taxonomy of the group was neglected for almost 20 years, until Britto, (1998) proposed two new species: A. belenos, from the rio Araguaia basin, and A. microgalaeus, from the rio Xingu basin. The descriptions showed a great improvement over the previous works, furnishing external morphology data plus osteological data, which were used in the diagnosis of both new species. The diagnosis of A. belenos was the first to include the morphology of an infraorbital bone, which has proven to be extremely useful for the recognition of species within Corydoradinae (e.g., Tencatt et al., 2013; Tencatt et al., 2014; Britto et al., 2016; Tencatt, Britto, 2016; Ohara et al., 2016; Tencatt et al., 2019). After Britto’s (1998) work, six species have been subsequently described in the last two decades, raising the total number of valid species of the genus to 25: A. depinnaiBritto, 2000, A. taurus Lima & Britto, 2001, A. velites Britto, Lima & Moreira, 2002, A. psammatides Britto, Lima & Santos, 2005, A. gabrieli Wosiacki, Pereira & Reis, 2014, A. marianae Leão, Britto & Wosiacki, 2015, A. kiriri Oliveira, Zanata, Tencatt & Britto, 2017, A. mephisto Tencatt & Bichuette, 2017, and A. azaghal Tencatt, Muriel-Cunha, Zuanon, Ferreira & Britto, 2020.
The phylogenetic relationships within Aspidoras are poorly known. Reis, (1998) provided the first phylogenetic information about Aspidoras, finding it monophyletic and as the sister group of a clade composed by Corydoras and Brochis Cope, 1871. The author also provided a diagnosis for the genus (Reis, 1998:161), which consisted in three features: (I) presence of fontanel on parieto-supraoccipital, (II) reduced ossified portion of pectoral- and dorsal-fin spines, and (III) absence of contact between nuchal plate and posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital. Britto, (2003), in his morphological phylogenetic analysis of the Corydoradinae, corroborated the monophyly of Aspidoras and proposed a new diagnosis for the genus based on the following synapomorphies: (I) posterior portion of mesethmoid wide, (II) frontal fontanel reduced, (III) supraoccipital fontanel present, (IV) opercle compact, and (V) ossified portion of pectoral spine strongly reduced, less than half the length of the first branched pectoral-fin ray. Additionally, Britto, (2003) noted that Aspidoras generally presents relatively smaller eyes in relation to the other Corydoradinae and, except for A. belenos, absence of contact between the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital and the nuchal plate.
Shimabukuro-Dias et al., (2004) published a phylogenetic study of the Callichthyidae based mainly on molecular data, but also combining their data with the morphological data provided by Reis, (1998). Their results showed Aspidoras species grouped into a paraphyletic clade including Scleromystax macropterus (Regan, 1913) in three of the six consensus trees. In contrast, the maximum-parsimony trees generated by weighing morphological data five times the molecular data, in which Aspidoras species formed a monophyletic clade sister to S. macropterus (same result found in one of the two maximum-likelihood consensus trees), and by weighing morphological data ten times the molecular data, grouping Aspidoras species in a monophyletic clade sister to the remaining Corydoradinae. The most recent phylogenetic hypothesis including Aspidoras was presented by Alexandrou et al., (2011). In their study, the genus was paraphyletic, with A. pauciradiatus within lineage 5, the ‘Corydoras elegans group’ clade (for further comments about this group see Tencatt, Pavanelli, 2015), and not lineage 2, the Aspidoras clade. The paraphyly of Aspidoras was also found in the unpublished phylogenetic hypothesis presented by Vera-Alcaraz, (2013), in which A. virgulatus appeared within the Scleromystax clade. However, despite the numerous attempts to diagnose the genus (Ihering, 1907; Gosline, 1940; Nijssen, Isbrücker, 1976; Reis, 1998; Britto, 2003; Vera-Alcaraz, 2013), the clear recognition of Aspidoras remains dubious and needs further investigation (Weitzman, Balph, 1979).
Considering that the diagnosis of Aspidoras remains unclear, and the unique available taxonomic review of the genus was published over 40 years ago (Nijssen, Isbrücker, 1976), based mainly on old and badly preserved specimens, in addition to the relatively large number of species described subsequent to that work, a new comprehensive taxonomic revision is necessary. After gathering an extensive material from many localities, it was possible to clearly delimit Aspidoras, validate most of its nominal species, and propose a new one, which is described herein. A new diagnosis for Aspidoras is proposed, as well as the reallocation of A. pauciradiatus to Corydoras and the transfer of A. virgulatus to Scleromystax. We also provide resdescriptions for A. albater, A. belenos, A. depinnai, A. fuscoguttatus, A. lakoi, A. maculosus, A. poecilus, A. psammatides, A. raimundi, and A. velites, along with an identification key to the species of Aspidoras (except for A. carvalhoi).

==========================

 https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2022-0049   COPYA new dwarf armored catfish Pareiorhaphis (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the Uruguai River basin, Southern BrazilEdson H. L. PereiraRoberto E. ReisABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  Resumo
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractA new, very distinctive species of Pareiorhaphis is described from the rio Uruguai basin, in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil. Pareiorhaphis pumila, new species, is a small bodied hypoptopomatine catfish with a maximum standard length barely reaching 50 mm. The specimens were captured from rock-bottomed habitats in various localities in the rio Ijuí basin. Despite occurring in rock-bottomed fast-flowing headwater stream tributaries as the other species of Pareiorhaphis, this is the first species collected also in the main channel of the middle stretch of a large tributary to the rio Uruguai. The new species is promptly diagnosed from all its congeners by the reduced number of anal-fin branched rays, possession of well-developed dorsal-fin spinelet, comparatively lower number of plates in median lateral series, and low number of teeth in each dentary. In addition, osteological features related to the caudal skeleton are also useful to distinguish the new species from most congeners.
Keywords:
Biodiversity; Cascudo; Neotropical; New species; Taxonomy
INTRODUCTIONPareiorhaphis Miranda Ribeiro, 1918 currently has 27 species distributed in coastal drainages of southern and eastern Brazil from the rio Maquiné in the Rio Grande do Sul State to the rio Paraguaçu in Bahia State, with additional species in the west-bound, headwaters of the Uruguai, Iguaçu, upper Paraná, and São Francisco rivers. The history of the genus Pareiorhaphis in the rio Uruguai basin begins with the description of Hemipsilichthys vestigipinnis Pereira & Reis, 1992, from a creek tributary to the rio Caveiras at the town of Painel, Santa Catarina State. Ten years later, H. eurycephalus Pereira & Reis, 2002 and H. hystrix Pereira & Reis, 2002 were also described from the upper Uruguai, the former from a creek tributary to the rio Canoas, near the Corvo Branco Range, Urubici, Santa Catarina State, and the later with a wider distribution in the middle and upper Uruguai, in both Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina states. The genus Hemipsilichthys Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 was later restricted to a few species by Pereira, (2005) and the species above were transferred to Pareiorhaphis. The genus was subsequently redefined by Pereira et al., (2007) and is currently diagnosed by one exclusive synapomorphy, the cheek canal plate firmly articulated to the preopercle, and several non-exclusive synapomophies related to ornamentation associated with secondary sexual dimorphism (Pereira, Reis, 2017).
Despite being aware of additional diversity in the Uruguai basin, after 2002 we concentrated efforts in discovering and reporting unknown species of Pareiorhaphis from coastal basins in eastern and southeastern Brazil. Extensive fieldwork in the rio Uruguai basin during the past two decades revealed additional specimens of those undescribed forms, allowing us to focus on the rio Uruguai again. The new species we describe here is a highly distinctive, dwarf Pareiorhaphis with a maximum standard length barely reaching 50 mm. The specimens were captured from fast flowing creeks in rock-bottomed habitats along the rio Ijuí basin, a tributary to the middle rio Uruguai.
MATERIAL AND METHODSCounts and measurements were taken according to Pereira et al., (2007). Procurrent caudal-fin rays and vertebrae were counted in three cleared and counterstained specimens (c&s) prepared according to Taylor, Van Dyke, (1985) procedure. Vertebral counts include five centra in the Weberian Apparatus and the fused ural + preural centra, which was counted as one element according to Lundberg, Baskin, (1969). Nomenclature and counts for body plates follow Schaefer, (1997). Morphometric features were obtained with digital calipers to the nearest 0.1 mm and were made from point to point under a stereomicroscope. Standard length (SL) is expressed in millimeters while other measurements are given as percent of standard length or head length (HL). In the list of type material, museum abbreviation and catalog number come first, followed by the number and SL range of specimens in that lot, indication of preparation type (alc for specimens preserved in 70% ethanol, and tis for tissue samples preserved in 99% ethanol at -20°C), the number and SL range of specimens measured for the morphometric comparisons in parentheses, locality, date of collection, and collectors. Seven lots attributable to the new species were considered non-paratypes yet were mapped to compose the species distribution.
Conservation status of the new species was evaluated according to the categories and criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022). The Extent of Occurrence (EOO) was calculated by the minimum convex polygon drawn around the micro-basins with species records, using Hydrosheds 8 level.
Comparative material of Pareiorhaphis species is listed in Pereira et al., (2012), with the addition of Pareiorhaphis lophia Pereira & Zanata, 2014, P. proskynita Pereira & Britto, 2012, P. garapia Pereira, Lehmann, Schvambach & Reis, 2015, P. vetula Pereira, Lehmann & Reis, 2016, P. lineata Pereira, Pessali, Andrade & Reis, 2017, P. stephana (Oliveira & Oyakawa, 1999), and P. mucurina Pereira, Pessali & Reis, 2018 (Pereira, Zanata, 2014; Pereira, Britto, 2012; Pereira et al., 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, respectively). Specimens examined belong to institution whose acronyms are listed in Sabaj, (2020).
RESULTSPareiorhaphis pumila, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:34B30074-B394-4DE3-9FFB-32776CDD30FC

==========================

A new species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae): Naming a cichlid species widely known in the aquarium hobby as ‘Geophagus sp. Tapajos red head’Junior Chuctaya,Pedro Nitschke,Marcelo C. Andrade,Juliana Wingert,Luiz R. Malabarba
First published: 04 September 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15207urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F8FBBFFC-311A-4B92-A3D8-7E4304FA282A
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6722E480-1A67-405C-9D79-60890775B030
Funding information: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Grant/Award Number: 141479/2017-5; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Grant/Award Number: PNPD # 06/2017; United States Agency for International Development, Grant/Award Number: AID-OAA-A-11

PDF
TOOLS
 
SHARE
Get access to the full version of this article.View access options below.
Institutional Login
Access through your institution
Log in to Wiley Online LibraryIf you have previously obtained access with your personal account, please log in.
Log in
Purchase Instant Access
48-Hour online access$12.00

• Details

Online-only access$20.00

• Details

PDF download and online access$49.00

• Details

Check outAbstractA new species of Geophagus sensu stricto is described from the Tapajos River basin, Brazil, elevating the number of species of the genus to 21. The new species is of commercial importance and is known in the aquarist trade as Geophagus ‘red head’. The new species is diagnosed using an integrative approach, based on mitochondrial DNA analysis along with morphological evidence. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by the absence of markings on the head, the bar pattern composed by nine vertical bars on the flanks and the presence of distinct longitudinal bands in the caudal fin. Additionally, it shows a genetic distance of at least 2.0% in cytochrome b gene sequences from its closest congeners. Molecular analysis including most genera of Cichlidae from South America corroborates that the new species belongs to the group of Geophagus sensu stricto.


Early View
Online Version of Record before inclusion in an issue

• Related
• Information

Recommended

• Species Index
  Management and Ecology of Lake and Reservoir Fisheries, [1]
• Length-weight relationship of three cichlid species in a stream in southwestern Amazon, Brazil
  Fabiano Corrêa, Ronaldo Souza da Silva, Lisandro Juno Soares Vieira
  Journal of Applied Ichthyology
• Hemiodus bimaculatus, a new species of Hemiodontidae from the Rio Tapajós drainage, Brazil (Ostariophysi: Characiformes)
  Acácio F. Nogueira, Francisco Langeani, André L. Netto-Ferreira
  Journal of Fish Biology
• A new species of deep-water Lethrinops (Cichlidae) from Lake Malawi
  George F. Turner
  Journal of Fish Biology
• A new catfish species of the genus Cambeva (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Rio Iguaçu drainage, southern Brazil, with a remarkable unique colour pattern
  Wilson J. E. M. Costa, Vinicius Abilhoa, Roger Henrique Dalcin, 

==========================

Corydoras psamathos, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:76871FE9-BC24-4B3D-99DA-0249A1E672C7
 29.4 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, igarapé Santa Júlia, a tributary to the rio Jamanxim, rio Tapajós basin, 06°45’38”S 55°28’44”W, 10 Jul 2019, M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt.
Paratypes. All from Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim basin, rio Tapajós drainage, collected by M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt. CITL 386, 3, 18.1–21.8 mm SL; INPA 59772, 1, 23.7 mm SL, rio Jamanxim, 07°03’52”S 55°26’28”W, 9 Jul 2019. CITL 387, 9 of 12, 19.3–29.6 mm SL, 3 cs of 12, 22.0–28.6 mm SL; INPA 59773, 2, 29.3–30.2 mm SL; MZUSP 126862, 10, 19.6–27.8 mm SL; NUP 23542, 10, 18.7–26.9 mm SL, collected with holotype.




FIGURE 11 |
Corydoras psamathos, holotype, MNRJ 53289, 29.4 mm SL, Novo Progresso Municipality, Pará State, Brazil, igarapé Santa Júlia, a tributary to the rio Jamanxim, rio Tapajós basin.


Diagnosis.Corydoras psamathos can be distinguished from its congeners, except for the species from the lineages 6, 7 and 9 sensuAlexandrou et al., (2011) plus C. difluviatilis, C. hastatus and C. pygmaeus, by having posterior margin of pectoral-fin spine with most serrations directed towards the tip of the spine (vs. most serrations directed towards origin of spine); from C. difluviatilis and C. pygmaeus it differs by the presence of contact between nuchal plate and posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital (vs. absence of contact between nuchal plate and the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital); from C. hastatus by the absence of a large-sized dark blotch on caudal-fin base (vs. caudal-fin base region with a dark brown or black large blotch, roughly diamond-shaped or rhomboid, or arrow-shaped, typically bordered anteriorly and posteriorly by conspicuously light areas); from the species within lineage 7, it differs by having posterodorsal edge of infraorbital 2 only in contact with sphenotic (vs. in contact with sphenotic and pterotic-extrascapular); from the species of lineages 6 and 9, except for C. concolor Weitzman, 1961, C. esperanzae Castro, 1987, C. guianensis, C. polystictusRegan, 1912, and C. sanchesi Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1967, by the absence of conspicuous dark brown or black markings on body; dark markings, when present, diffuse (vs. presence of conspicuous small- to large- sized dark brown or black markings in at least some region of the body); from C. concolor, C. esperanzae, C. guianensis, C. polystictus, and C. sanchesi by having posterior laminar expansion of infraorbital 2 strongly reduced, nearly imperceptible in some specimens (vs. posterior laminar expansion at least poorly developed, but clearly more developed and perceptible), by the slender body (vs. more robust), and by the narrower frontal bone (vs. wider). The new species can be further distinguished from C. concolor and C. esperanzae by the presence of ventral surface of trunk only with small-sized, irregular platelets (vs. ventral surface of trunk entirely or almost entirely covered by larger coalescent platelets); from C. sanchesi by having anterior portion of dorsal fin with scattered dark brown or black chromatophores, not forming any conspicuous pattern (vs. anterior portion of dorsal fin typically with a conspicuous concentration of dark brown or black chromatophores, forming a dark patch); from C. polystictus by presenting dorsal surface of snout with numerous platelets bearing odontodes (vs. dorsal surface of snout lacking platelets).
Description. Morphometric data in Tab. 3. Head laterally compressed with convex dorsal profile, roughly triangular in dorsal view. Snout ranging from relatively short to moderately developed and generally smoothly rounded; slightly more rounded in some specimens. Head profile convex from tip of snout to anterior nares; ascending nearly straight or slightly convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin; region of frontal fontanel slightly concave in some specimens. Profile slightly convex along dorsal-fin base. Postdorsal-fin body profile slightly concave to adipose-fin spine, slightly concave from this point to caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of body nearly straight or slightly convex from isthmus to pectoral girdle, and slightly convex from this point until pelvic girdle. Profile nearly straight or slightly convex from pelvic girdle to base of first anal-fin ray, ascending slightly concave until caudal-fin base. Body roughly elliptical in cross section at pectoral girdle, gradually becoming more compressed toward caudal fin.
Eye rounded, located dorsolaterally on head. Orbit delimited anteriorly by lateral ethmoid, anterodorsally by frontal, posterodorsally by sphenotic, posteroventrally by infraorbital 2, and anteroventrally by infraorbital 1. Anterior and posterior nares close to each other, only separated by flap of skin. Anterior naris tubular. Posterior naris close to anterodorsal margin of orbit, separated from it by distance similar to naris diameter. Mouth small, subterminal, width similar to bony orbit diameter. Maxillary barbel ranging from short to moderate in size, not reaching to anteroventral limit of gill opening. Outer mental barbel slightly longer than maxillary barbel. Inner mental barbel fleshy, base of each counterpart slightly separated from each other. Small rounded papillae covering entire surface of all barbels, upper and lower lips, snout and isthmus.
Mesethmoid moderate in size, with anterior tip poorly developed, slightly smaller than 50% of bone length (see Britto, 2003:123, character 1, state 1; fig. 1B); posterior portion wide, partially exposed and bearing small odontodes. Nasal capsule delimited posteriorly and dorsally by frontal, anteriorly by mesethmoid, and ventrally and posteriorly by lateral ethmoid. Nasal slender, laterally curved, inner margin with poorly- to moderately-developed laminar expansion generally contacting frontal and mesethmoid; variably close but not in direct contact with mesethmoid; outer margin typically with strongly reduced laminar expansion. Lateral ethmoid slightly expanded anteriorly, with anterodorsal expansion relatively distant from nasal, and anterior margin contacting posterior portion of mesethmoid. Frontal elongated, narrow, width less than half of entire length; anterior projection short, size smaller than nasal length. Frontal fontanel large, slender, and somewhat ellipsoid; posterior tip extension slightly surpassing anterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital. Sphenotic somewhat trapezoid, contacting parieto-supraoccipital dorsally, pterotic-extrascapular posteriorly, second infraorbital posteroventrally and frontal anteriorly (Fig. 12A). Pterotic-extrascapular roughly pipe-shaped, with posteriormost portion contacting first lateral-line ossicle, posteroventral margin contacting cleithrum, and anteroventral margin contacting opercle; posterior expansion almost entirely covering lateral opening of swimbladder capsule, leaving slender area on its dorsal margin covered only by thick layer of skin. Parieto-supraoccipital wide, posterior process long and contacting nuchal plate; region of contact between posterior process and nuchal plate covered by thick layer of skin.
Two laminar infraorbitals with minute odontodes. Infraorbital 1 large, ventral laminar expansion ranging from poorly to moderately developed; anterior portion with laminar expansion moderately developed, reaching to middle portion of nasal capsule; inner laminar expansion poorly developed (Fig. 12A). Infraorbital 2 small, slender, with posterior laminar expansion strongly reduced, nearly imperceptible in some specimens; posteroventral margin contacting posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, posterodorsal edge contacting only sphenotic; inner laminar expansion ranging from strongly reduced to poorly developed (Fig. 12A). Posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula close to its articulation with opercle relatively slender, exposed, and bearing small odontodes. Dorsal ridge of hyomandibula between pterotic-extrascapular and opercle typically covered by thick skin layer. Interopercle entirely covered by thick layer of skin; subtriangular, anterior projection ranging from moderately developed to relatively well developed. Preopercle elongated, relatively slender; minute odontodes on external surface. Opercle dorsoventrally elongated, with width similar to half of its entire length; free margin slightly convex, without serrations and covered by small odontodes.
Four branchiostegal rays decreasing in size posteriorly. Hypobranchial 1 deep; hypobranchial 2 somewhat triangular, tip ossified and directed towards anterior portion, posterior margin cartilaginous; ossified portion ranging from strongly reduced, with only region of tip ossified, to well developed, its size about twice of cartilaginous portion. Five ceratobranchials with expansions increasing posteriorly; ceratobranchial 1 with small process on anterior margin of mesial portion; ceratobranchial 3 typically notched on postero-lateral margin; ceratobranchial 5 toothed on posterodorsal surface, with 28 to 38(3) teeth aligned in one row. Four epibranchials with similar size; epibranchial 2 slightly larger than others, with small pointed process on laminar expansion of posterior margin; epibranchial 3 with mesially-curved uncinate process on laminar expansion of posterior margin. Two wide pharyngobranchials (3 and 4); pharyngobranchial 3 with slightly triangular to smoothly rounded laminar expansion on posterior margin. Upper tooth plate roughly oval, 34 to 43(3) teeth aligned in two rows on posteroventral surface; rows closely aligned.
Lateral-line canal reaching cephalic laterosensory system through pterotic-extrascapular, branching twice before reaching sphenotic: pterotic branch, with single pore, preoperculomandibular branch conspicuously reduced, with single pore opening at postotic main canal; postotic main canal widens just posterior to pterotic branch. Sensory canal continuing through pterotic-extrascapular, reaching sphenotic as temporal canal, which splits into two branches: one branch giving rise to infraorbital canal, other branch connecting to frontal through supraorbital canal, both with single pore. Supraorbital canal branched, running through nasal bone. Epiphyseal branch conspicuously reduced; pore opening close to supraorbital main canal, directed towards frontal fontanel. Nasal canal typically with three openings, first on posterior edge, second on posterolateral portion, generally fused with first pore, and third on anterior edge. Infraorbital canal running through entire infraorbital 2, extending to infraorbital 1 and generally opening into two pores. Preoperculomandibular branch giving rise to preoperculo-mandibular canal, which runs through entire preopercle with three openings, leading to pores 3, 4, and 5, respectively.
Dorsal fin subtriangular, generally located just posterior to second dorsolateral body plate. Dorsal-fin rays II,7*(1) or II,8(19), posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine with 10 to 16 strongly reduced to poorly-developed serrations; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations variably perpendicularly directed; serrations absent close to origin of spine; small odontodes on anterior and lateral surfaces of spine (Fig. 12B). Nuchal plate moderately developed, almost entirely exposed, with minute odontodes. Spinelet short; spine moderately developed, with adpressed distal tip slightly surpassing posterior origin of dorsal-fin base. Pectoral fin roughly triangular, its origin just posterior to gill opening. Pectoral-fin rays I,7*(5), I,7,I(3) or I,8(12), posterior margin of pectoral spine with 17 to 26 strongly reduced to moderately-developed serrations along its entire length; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations perpendicularly directed; small odontodes on anterior, dorsal and ventral surfaces of spine (Fig. 12C). Anteroventral portion of cleithrum exposed; posterolateral portion of scapulocoracoid moderately developed, exposed, with anterior portion slightly expanded anteriorly, not in contact with anteroventral portion of cleithrum; exposed areas bearing small odontodes. Opening of axillary gland sensuKiehl et al., (2006) located just posterior to pectoral-fin spine base. Pelvic fin oblong, located just below first or second ventrolateral body plate, and at vertical through first branched dorsal-fin ray. Pelvic-fin rays I,5*(20). Adipose fin roughly triangular, separated from base of last dorsal-fin ray by generally six dorsolateral body plates. Anal fin subtriangular, typically located just posterior to 12th or 13th ventrolateral body plates, and at vertical through adipose-fin spine base. Anal-fin rays ii,5(18), ii,5,i*(1), ii,7(1). Caudal fin bilobed, with dorsal and ventral lobes similar in size or dorsal lobe slightly larger than ventral lobe. Caudal-fin rays I,12,i*(20), generally five dorsal and ventral procurrent rays.
Typically, three laterosensory canals on trunk; first ossicle tubular, second ossicle laminar, both bearing small odontodes; third, encased in third dorsolateral body plates. Body plates with minute odontodes scattered over exposed area, with conspicuous line of odontodes confined to posterior margins. Dorsolateral body plates 23(2), 24*(15) or 25(3). Ventrolateral body plates 21(15) or 22*(5). Dorsolateral body plates along dorsal-fin base 6*(17) or 7(3). Dorsolateral body plates between adipose- and caudal-fin 7(2), 8*(17) or 9(1). Preadipose platelets 3*(14) or 4(6). Ventral surface of trunk between posteroventral margin of cleithrum and pelvic-fin origin laterally delimited only by first ventrolateral body plate; ventral portion of first ventrolateral body plate slightly expanded anteriorly. Small platelets covering base of caudal-fin rays. Small platelets disposed dorsally and ventrally between junctions of lateral plates on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Anterior margin of orbit, above region of junction between frontal and lateral ethmoid, ventral margin of nasal capsule, above lateral ethmoid, and dorsal surface of snout with numerous small- to relatively large-sized platelets bearing odontodes; platelets on anterior margin of orbit and ventral margin of nasal capsule typically larger and coalescent. Ventral surface of trunk with scarce small-sized irregular platelets bearing odontodes; platelets more concentrated anteriorly and/or around pectoral-fin base.
Vertebral count 22(3); ribs 5(3); first pair conspicuously large, its middle portion closely connected to first ventrolateral body plate; its tip connected to anterior external process of basipterygium. Parapophysis of complex vertebra well developed.


 ==========================

Corydoras thanatos, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3DD6AB86-416E-4C6C-B16C-015042A2A013

Corydoras CW146. —Lucanus, 2021:29 [AMAZONAS magazine, guide about Corydoras from Serra do Cachimbo].
Holotype. MNRJ 53287, 33.2 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, stream with unknown name tributary to the rio Jamanxim, rio Tapajós basin, 08°23’06”S 55°19’43”W, 7 Jul 2019, M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt.
Paratypes. All from Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim basin, rio Tapajós drainage, collected by M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt. CITL 382, 32, 12.6–18.5 mm SL, rio Jamanxim, 08°23’01”S 55°19’08”W, 7–8 Jul 2019. INPA 59776, 2, 12.9–14.2 mm SL; NUP 23540, 1, 33.2 mm SL, stream with unknown name, 08°23’33”S 55°22’36”W, 7–8 Jul 2019. CITL 383, 7 of 9, 15.0–37.0 mm SL, 2 cs of 9, 30.0–33.8 mm SL; INPA 59777, 3, 29.0–33.3 mm SL; INPA 59778, 1, 21.9 mm SL; MZUSP 126860, 7, 21.5–32.3 mm SL, collected with the holotype.





Corydoras thanatos, holotype, MNRJ 53287, 33.2 mm SL, Novo Progresso Municipality, Pará State, Brazil, stream with unknown name tributary to the rio Jamanxim, rio Tapajós basin.


Diagnosis.Corydoras thanatos can be distinguished from its congeners, except for the species from the lineages 6, 7 and 9 sensuAlexandrou et al., (2011) plus C. difluviatilis Britto & Castro, 2002, C. hastatus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888, and C. pygmaeus Knaack, 1966, by having posterior margin of pectoral-fin spine with most serrations directed towards the tip of the spine (vs. most serrations directed towards origin of spine); from C. difluviatilis and C. pygmaeus it differs by the presence of contact between nuchal plate and posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital (vs. absence of contact between nuchal plate and the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital); from C. hastatus by the absence of a large-sized dark blotch on caudal-fin base (vs. caudal-fin base region with a dark brown or black large blotch, roughly diamond-shaped or rhomboid, or arrow-shaped, typically bordered anteriorly and posteriorly by conspicuously light areas); it can be distinguished from the species within lineage 7 by having dark brown or black markings on fins, except for the pelvic fin (vs. all fins devoid of dark markings); it differs from the species within lineages 6 and 9, except for C. coppenamesisNijssen, 1970, C. lymnades Tencatt, Vera-Alcaraz, Britto & Pavanelli, 2013, C. garbei Ihering, 1911, and C. gosseiNijssen, 1972, by having anterior laminar expansion of infraorbital 1 strongly well developed, conspicuously expanded towards the anteroventral portion of snout, significantly covering its lateral surface (vs. anterior laminar expansion of infraorbital 1 ranging from poorly to well developed, not conspicuously expanded towards the anteroventral portion of snout, leaving most of its lateral surface exposed); the new species differs from C. gossei by presenting dark brown or black markings on head (vs. presence of pale yellow to white blotches on head); from C. lymnades by having a robust body (vs. slender); from C. coppenamesis, C. lymnades, and C. garbei by having flank midline covered by small-sized dark brown or black blotches; flank midline variably with distinct longitudinal series of blotches, generally more evident on posterior half of flank (vs. flank midline with longitudinal dark brown or black stripe in C. coppenamesis; with a distinct series of longitudinally aligned moderate- to large-sized dark brown or black blotches in C. lymnades and C. garbei).
Description. Morphometric data in Tab. 1. Head laterally compressed with convex dorsal profile, roughly triangular in dorsal view. Snout short, rounded. Head profile convex from tip of snout to anterior nares, ascending nearly straight or slightly convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin; interorbital region slightly concave in some specimens. Profile slightly convex along dorsal-fin base. Postdorsal-fin body profile slightly concave to adipose-fin spine, concave from this point to caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of body nearly straight or slightly convex from isthmus to pectoral girdle, and slightly convex from this point until pelvic girdle. Profile nearly straight or slightly convex from pelvic girdle to base of first anal-fin ray, ascending abruptly concave until caudal-fin base. Body roughly elliptical in cross section at pectoral girdle, gradually becoming more compressed toward caudal fin.
Eye rounded, located dorsolaterally on head. Orbit delimited anteriorly by lateral ethmoid, anterodorsally by frontal, posterodorsally by sphenotic, posteroventrally by infraorbital 2, and anteroventrally by infraorbital 1. Anterior and posterior nares close to each other, only separated by flap of skin. Anterior naris tubular. Posterior naris close to anterodorsal margin of orbit, separated from it by distance similar to naris diameter. Mouth small, subterminal, width similar to bony orbit diameter. Maxillary barbel moderate in size, not reaching anteroventral limit of gill opening. Outer mental barbel slightly longer than maxillary barbel. Inner mental barbel fleshy, base of each counterpart slightly separated from each other. Small rounded papillae covering entire surface of all barbels, upper and lower lips, snout and isthmus.
Mesethmoid moderate in size, with anterior tip poorly developed, smaller than 50% of bone length (see Britto, 2003:123, character 1, state 1; fig. 1B); posterior portion wide, partially exposed and bearing small odontodes. Nasal capsule delimited posteriorly and dorsally by frontal, anteriorly by mesethmoid, and ventrally and posteriorly by lateral ethmoid. Nasal relatively wide, laterally curved, inner margin with relatively well-developed laminar expansion contacting frontal and mesethmoid; outer margin with poorly-developed laminar expansion typically contacting lateral ethmoid. Lateral ethmoid moderately expanded anteriorly, with anterodorsal expansion contacting nasal, and anterior margin contacting posterior portion of mesethmoid. Frontal elongated, narrow, width less than half of entire length; anterior projection short, size clearly smaller than nasal length. Frontal fontanel large, slender, and somewhat ellipsoid; posterior tip extension slightly surpassing anterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital. Sphenotic somewhat trapezoid, contacting parieto-supraoccipital dorsally, pterotic-extrascapular posteriorly, second infraorbital posteroventrally and frontal anteriorly (Fig. 2A). Pterotic-extrascapular roughly pipe-shaped, with posteriormost portion contacting first lateral-line ossicle, posteroventral margin contacting cleithrum, and anteroventral margin contacting opercle and variably infraorbital 2; posterior expansion almost entirely covering lateral opening of swimbladder capsule, leaving slender area on its dorsal margin covered only by thick layer of skin. Parieto-supraoccipital wide, posterior process long and contacting nuchal plate; region of contact between posterior process and nuchal plate covered by thick layer of skin.
Two laminar infraorbitals with minute odontodes. Infraorbital 1 conspicuously large, ventral laminar expansion generally strongly well developed; some specimens with well-developed expansion; anterior portion with strongly well-developed laminar expansion, surpassing anterior margin of nasal capsule; inner laminar expansion moderately developed (Fig. 2A). Infraorbital 2 small, relatively slender, with posterior laminar expansion ranging from moderately to well developed; posteroventral margin contacting posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, posterodorsal edge contacting sphenotic and generally pterotic-extrascapular; posterodorsal edge not in contact with pterotic-extrascapular in some specimens; inner laminar expansion ranging from poorly- to moderately developed (Fig. 2A). Posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula close to its articulation with opercle relatively slender, exposed, and bearing small odontodes. Dorsal ridge of hyomandibula between pterotic-extrascapular and opercle exposed and bearing odontodes. Interopercle partially covered by thick layer of skin, with posterior portion exposed and bearing odontodes; subtriangular, anterior projection ranging from moderately to well developed. Preopercle elongated, relatively slender; minute odontodes on external surface. Opercle dorsoventrally elongated; relatively compact in shape, with width equal to or slightly larger than half of its entire length; free margin slightly convex, without serrations and covered by small odontodes.
Four branchiostegal rays decreasing in size posteriorly. Hypobranchial 1 deep; hypobranchial 2 somewhat triangular, tip ossified and directed towards anterior portion, posterior margin cartilaginous; ossified portion well developed, its size about twice cartilaginous portion. Five ceratobranchials with expansions increasing posteriorly; ceratobranchial 1 with small process on anterior margin of mesial portion; ceratobranchial 3 with continuous laminar expansion on postero-lateral margin; ceratobranchial 5 toothed on posterodorsal surface, with 42 to 45(2) teeth aligned in one row. Four epibranchials with similar size; epibranchial 2 slightly larger than others, with small pointed process on laminar expansion of posterior margin; epibranchial 3 with mesially-curved uncinate process on laminar expansion of posterior margin. Two wide pharyngobranchials (3 and 4); pharyngobranchial 3 with small roughly triangular laminar expansion on posterior margin; rounded expansion in some specimens. Upper tooth plate roughly oval, 48 to 58(2) teeth aligned in two rows on posteroventral surface; rows closely aligned.
Lateral-line canal reaching cephalic laterosensory system through pterotic-extrascapular, branching twice before reaching sphenotic: pterotic branch, with single pore, preoperculomandibular branch conspicuously reduced, with single pore opening at postotic main canal; postotic main canal widens just posterior to pterotic branch. Sensory canal continuing through pterotic-extrascapula, reaching sphenotic as temporal canal, which splits into two branches: one branch giving rise to infraorbital canal, other branch connecting to frontal through supraorbital canal, both with single pore. Supraorbital canal branched, running through nasal bone. Epiphyseal branch conspicuously reduced; pore opening close to supraorbital main canal, directed towards frontal fontanel. Nasal canal with three openings, first on posterior edge, second on posterolateral portion and generally fused with first pore, and third on anterior edge. Infraorbital canal running through entire infraorbital 2, extending to infraorbital 1 and opening into two or three pores. Preoperculomandibular branch giving rise to preoperculo-mandibular canal, which runs through entire preopercle with three openings, leading to pores 3, 4, and 5, respectively.
Dorsal fin subtriangular, located just posterior to second or third dorsolateral body plate. Dorsal-fin rays II,8*(20), posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine with 20 to 24 ranging from strongly reduced to poorly-developed serrations; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations variably perpendicularly directed; serrations absent close to origin of spine; small odontodes on anterior and lateral surfaces of spine (Fig. 2B). Nuchal plate moderately developed, almost entirely exposed, with minute odontodes. Spinelet short; spine typically well developed, with adpressed distal tip surpassing posterior origin of dorsal-fin base. Pectoral fin roughly triangular, its origin just posterior to gill opening. Pectoral-fin rays I,6,i(1), I,7*(3), I,7,i(12), I,8(3) or I,9(1), posterior margin of pectoral spine with 25 to 28 poorly- to moderately-developed serrations along almost its entire length, absent close to origin of spine; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations perpendicularly directed; small odontodes on anterior, dorsal and ventral surfaces of spine (Fig. 2C). Anteroventral portion of cleithrum exposed; posterolateral portion of scapulocoracoid moderately developed, exposed, with anterior portion slightly expanded anteriorly, not in contact with anteroventral portion of cleithrum; exposed areas bearing small odontodes. Opening of axillary gland sensuKiehl et al., (2006) located just posterior to pectoral-fin spine base. Pelvic fin oblong, located just below first or second ventrolateral body plate, and at vertical through dorsal-fin spine or first branched dorsal-fin ray. Pelvic-fin rays i,5*(20). Adipose fin roughly triangular, separated from base of last dorsal-fin ray by six or seven dorsolateral body plates. Anal fin subtriangular, located just posterior to 12th or 13th ventrolateral body plates, and at vertical through adipose-fin spine base or region of preadipose platelets. Anal-fin rays i,4,ii(1), ii,5(16), i,6*(2) or ii,5,i(1). Caudal fin bilobed, with dorsal and ventral lobes similar in size or dorsal lobe slightly larger than ventral lobe. Caudal-fin rays i,11,i(1) or i,12,i*(19), generally four or five dorsal and ventral procurrent rays.
Two laterosensory canals on trunk; first ossicle tubular, second ossicle laminar, both bearing small odontodes. Body plates with minute odontodes scattered over exposed area, with conspicuous line of odontodes confined to posterior margins. Dorsolateral body plates 22(1) or 23*(19). Ventrolateral body plates 20*(17) or 21(3). Dorsolateral body plates along dorsal-fin base 6*(20). Dorsolateral body plates between adipose- and caudal-fin 6(1), 7*(16) or 8(3). Preadipose platelets 2(9) or 3*(11). Ventral surface of trunk between posteroventral margin of cleithrum and pelvic-fin origin laterally delimited only by first ventrolateral body plate; ventral portion of first ventrolateral body plate ranging from slightly to moderately expanded anteriorly. Small platelets covering base of caudal-fin rays. Small platelets disposed dorsally and ventrally between junctions of lateral plates on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Anterior margin of orbit, above region of junction between frontal and lateral ethmoid, region around nasal capsule, on region above lateral ethmoid, and dorsal, lateral and variably ventrolateral portions of snout with small- to relatively large-sized platelets bearing odontodes; platelets on snout conspicuously more concentrated above mesethmoid. Ventral surface of trunk with numerous small- to relatively large-sized irregular platelets bearing odontodes; region around pectoral-fin origin typically with larger platelets.
Vertebral count 21(2); ribs 5(2); first pair conspicuously large, its middle portion closely connected to first ventrolateral body plate; its tip connected to anterior external process of basipterygium. Parapophysis of complex vertebra well developed.

==========================

Corydoras hypnos, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:841242F8-3AE8-4166-A0EA-D76D63340BCE


Holotype. MNRJ 53288, 31.7 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim, a tributary to the rio Tapajós, 08°23’00”S 55°19’08”W, 8 Jul 2019, M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt.
Paratypes. All from Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim basin, rio Tapajós drainage, collected by M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt. CITL 384, 2, 20.9–26.3 mm SL, stream with unknown name, 08°23’06”S 55°19’43”W, 7 Jul 2019. INPA 59775, 3, 22.2–27.2 mm SL, same locality as holotype, 7 Jul 2019. INPA 59774, 2, 22.6–28.2 mm SL, same locality as holotype, 11 Jul 2019. CITL 385, 11 of 13, 17.6–25.7 mm SL, 2 cs of 13, 26.6–32.0 mm SL; MZUSP 126861, 12, 13.2–24.7 mm SL; NUP 23541, 11, 18.9–26.1 mm SL, collected with the holotype.





Corydoras hypnos, holotype, MNRJ 53288, 31.7 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim, a tributary to the rio Tapajós basin.


Diagnosis.Corydoras hypnos can be distinguished from its congeners, except for the species from the lineages 6, 7 and 9 sensuAlexandrou et al., (2011) plus C. difluviatilis, C. hastatus, and C. pygmaeus, by having posterior margin of pectoral-fin spine with most serrations directed towards the tip of the spine (vs. most serrations directed towards origin of spine); from C. difluviatilis and C. pygmaeus it differs by the presence of contact between nuchal plate and posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital (vs. absence of contact between nuchal plate and the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital); from C. hastatus by the absence of a large-sized dark blotch on caudal-fin base (vs. caudal-fin base region with a dark brown or black large blotch, roughly diamond-shaped or rhomboid, or arrow-shaped, typically bordered anteriorly and posteriorly by conspicuously light areas); it can be distinguished from the species within lineage 7 by having dark brown or black markings on fins, except for the pectoral and pelvic fins (vs. fins devoid of conspicuous dark markings); it differs from the species within lineages 6 and 9, except for C. benattii, C. eversi Tencatt & Britto, 2016, C. froehlichi Tencatt, Britto & Pavanelli, 2016, C. granti Tencatt, Lima & Britto, 2019, C. gryphus Tencatt, Britto & Pavanelli, 2014, C. psamathos, and C. thanatos, by having dorsal surface of snout with numerous platelets bearing odontodes (vs. dorsal surface of snout lacking platelets); from C. benattii and C. froehlichi by having moderately- to relatively well-developed and smoothly rounded snout (vs. conspicuously short and rounded snout); from C. eversi and C. granti, it can be distinguished by having ventral surface of trunk only with small-sized, non-coalescent platelets (vs. ventral surface of trunk entirely or partially covered by moderate- to relatively large-sized, coalescent platelets); from C. gryphus by having midline of flank with longitudinal series of dark brown or black blotches, when present, diffuse (vs. midline of flank with a longitudinal series of four to six conspicuous dark brown or black blotches), and mesethmoid partially exposed (vs. entirely covered by thick layer of skin); from C. psamathos by the presence of conspicuous dark brown or black markings at least in dorsal and caudal fins (vs. absence of conspicuous dark brown or black markings on body; dark markings, when present, diffuse); from C. thanatos by having anterior laminar expansion moderately developed, poorly expanded towards the anteroventral portion of snout, leaving most of its lateral surface exposed (vs. anterior laminar expansion of infraorbital 1 strongly well developed, conspicuously expanded towards the anteroventral portion of snout, significantly covering its lateral surface).
Description. Morphometric data in Tab. 2. Head laterally compressed with convex dorsal profile, roughly triangular in dorsal view. Snout ranging from moderately to relatively well developed and smoothly rounded. Head profile convex from tip of snout to anterior nares; ascending nearly straight or slightly convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin; region of frontal or parieto-supraoccipital slightly concave in some specimens. Profile slightly convex along dorsal-fin base. Postdorsal-fin body profile slightly concave to adipose-fin spine, slightly concave from this point to caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of body nearly straight or slightly convex from isthmus to pectoral girdle, and slightly convex from this point until pelvic girdle. Profile nearly straight or slightly convex from pelvic girdle to base of first anal-fin ray, ascending slightly concave until caudal-fin base. Body roughly elliptical in cross section at pectoral girdle, gradually becoming more compressed toward caudal fin.
Eye rounded, located dorsolaterally on head. Orbit delimited anteriorly by lateral ethmoid, anterodorsally by frontal, posterodorsally by sphenotic, posteroventrally by infraorbital 2, and anteroventrally by infraorbital 1. Anterior and posterior nares close to each other, only separated by flap of skin. Anterior naris tubular. Posterior naris close to anterodorsal margin of orbit, separated from it by distance similar to naris diameter. Mouth small, subterminal, width similar to bony orbit diameter. Maxillary barbel ranging from short to moderate in size, not reaching to anteroventral limit of gill opening. Outer mental barbel slightly longer than maxillary barbel. Inner mental barbel fleshy, base of each counterpart slightly separated from each other. Small rounded papillae covering entire surface of all barbels, upper and lower lips, snout and isthmus.
Mesethmoid moderate in size, with anterior tip poorly developed, slightly smaller than 50% of bone length (see Britto, 2003:123, character 1, state 1; fig. 1B); posterior portion wide, partially exposed and bearing small odontodes. Nasal capsule delimited posteriorly and dorsally by frontal, anteriorly by mesethmoid, and ventrally and posteriorly by lateral ethmoid. Nasal slender, laterally curved, inner margin with poorly- to moderately-developed laminar expansion generally contacting frontal and mesethmoid; variably close but not in direct contact with mesethmoid; outer margin with poorly-developed to strongly reduced laminar expansion. Lateral ethmoid slightly expanded anteriorly, with anterodorsal expansion relatively distant from nasal, and anterior margin contacting posterior portion of mesethmoid. Frontal elongated, narrow, width less than half of entire length; anterior projection short, size smaller than nasal length. Frontal fontanel large, slender, and somewhat ellipsoid; posterior tip extension slightly surpassing anterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital. Sphenotic somewhat trapezoid, contacting parieto-supraoccipital dorsally, pterotic-extrascapular posteriorly, second infraorbital posteroventrally and frontal anteriorly (Fig. 8A). Pterotic-extrascapular roughly pipe-shaped, with posteriormost portion contacting first lateral-line ossicle, posteroventral margin contacting cleithrum, and anteroventral margin contacting opercle; posterior expansion almost entirely covering lateral opening of swimbladder capsule, leaving slender area on its dorsal margin covered only by thick layer of skin. Parieto-supraoccipital wide, posterior process long and contacting nuchal plate; region of contact between posterior process and nuchal plate covered by thick layer of skin.
Two laminar infraorbitals with minute odontodes. Infraorbital 1 large, ventral laminar expansion ranging from poorly to moderately developed; anterior portion with laminar expansion moderately developed, reaching to middle portion of nasal capsule; inner laminar expansion poorly developed (Fig. 8A). Infraorbital 2 small, slender, with posterior laminar expansion ranging from strongly reduced to poorly developed; posteroventral margin contacting posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, posterodorsal edge contacting only sphenotic; inner laminar expansion ranging from strongly reduced to poorly developed (Fig. 8A). Posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula close to its articulation with opercle relatively slender, exposed, and bearing small odontodes. Dorsal ridge of hyomandibula between pterotic-extrascapular and opercle typically covered by thin skin layer. Interopercle entirely covered by thick layer of skin or almost entirely covered by thick layer of skin, with posterior portion exposed, and typically bearing small odontodes; subtriangular, anterior projection moderately developed. Preopercle elongated, relatively slender; minute odontodes on external surface. Opercle dorsoventrally elongated, with width slightly smaller or similar to half of its entire length; free margin slightly convex, without serrations and covered by small odontodes.
Four branchiostegal rays decreasing in size posteriorly. Hypobranchial 1 deep; hypobranchial 2 somewhat triangular, tip ossified and directed towards anterior portion, posterior margin cartilaginous; ossified portion well developed, its size about twice or triple of cartilaginous portion. Five ceratobranchials with expansions increasing posteriorly; ceratobranchial 1 with small process on anterior margin of mesial portion; ceratobranchial 3 notched on postero-lateral margin; variably with continuous laminar expansion on postero-lateral margin; ceratobranchial 5 toothed on posterodorsal surface, with 34 to 37(3) teeth aligned in one row. Four epibranchials with similar size; epibranchial 2 slightly larger than others, with small pointed process on laminar expansion of posterior margin; epibranchial 3 with mesially-curved uncinate process on laminar expansion of posterior margin. Two wide pharyngobranchials (3 and 4); pharyngobranchial 3 with smoothly rounded to nearly straight laminar expansion on posterior margin. Upper tooth plate roughly oval, 40 to 53(3) teeth aligned in two rows on posteroventral surface; rows closely aligned.
Lateral-line canal reaching cephalic laterosensory system through pterotic-extrascapular, branching twice before reaching sphenotic: pterotic branch, with single pore, preoperculomandibular branch conspicuously reduced, with single pore opening at postotic main canal; postotic main canal widens just posterior to pterotic branch. Sensory canal continuing through pterotic-extrascapular, reaching sphenotic as temporal canal, which splits into two branches: one branch giving rise to infraorbital canal, other branch connecting to frontal through supraorbital canal, both with single pore. Supraorbital canal branched, running through nasal bone. Epiphyseal branch conspicuously reduced; pore opening close to supraorbital main canal, directed towards frontal fontanel. Nasal canal with three openings, first on posterior edge, second on posterolateral portion, generally fused with first pore, and third on anterior edge. Infraorbital canal running through entire infraorbital 2, extending to infraorbital 1 and opening into two or three pores. Preoperculomandibular branch giving rise to preoperculo-mandibular canal, which runs through entire preopercle with three openings, leading to pores 3, 4, and 5, respectively; pore 3 variably opening at posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula.
Dorsal fin subtriangular, located just posterior to second or third dorsolateral body plate. Dorsal-fin rays II,8*(19), II,9(1), posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine with 16 to 17 strongly reduced to poorly-developed serrations; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations variably perpendicularly directed; serrations absent close to origin of spine; small odontodes on anterior and lateral surfaces of spine (Fig. 8B). Nuchal plate moderately developed, almost entirely exposed, with minute odontodes. Spinelet short; spine moderately developed, with adpressed distal tip slightly surpassing posterior origin of dorsal-fin base. Pectoral fin roughly triangular, its origin just posterior to gill opening. Pectoral-fin rays I,7(3), I,7,i(1) or I,8*(16), posterior margin of pectoral spine with 20 to 32 strongly reduced to moderately-developed serrations along its entire length; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations perpendicularly directed or directed towards origin of spine; serrations variably bifid; small odontodes on anterior, dorsal and ventral surfaces of spine (Fig. 8C). Anteroventral portion of cleithrum exposed; posterolateral portion of scapulocoracoid moderately developed, exposed, with anterior portion slightly expanded anteriorly, not in contact with anteroventral portion of cleithrum; exposed areas bearing small odontodes. Opening of axillary gland sensuKiehl et al., (2006) located just posterior to pectoral-fin spine base. Pelvic fin oblong, located just below first or second ventrolateral body plate, and at vertical through first branched dorsal-fin ray. Pelvic-fin rays i,5*(20). Adipose fin roughly triangular, separated from base of last dorsal-fin ray by generally six dorsolateral body plates. Anal fin subtriangular, typically located just posterior to 12th ventrolateral body plates, and at vertical through adipose-fin spine base or region of preadipose platelets. Anal-fin rays ii,5(19) or ii,6(1). Caudal fin bilobed, with dorsal and ventral lobes similar in size or dorsal lobe slightly larger than ventral lobe. Caudal-fin rays i,12,i*(20), generally four or five dorsal and ventral procurrent rays.
Typically, three laterosensory canals on trunk; first ossicle tubular, second ossicle laminar, both bearing small odontodes; third, encased in third dorsolateral body plates. Body plates with minute odontodes scattered over exposed area, with conspicuous line of odontodes confined to posterior margins. Dorsolateral body plates 23(17) or 24*(3). Ventrolateral body plates 20(13) or 21*(7). Dorsolateral body plates along dorsal-fin base 6*(18) or 7(2). Dorsolateral body plates between adipose- and caudal-fin 7(18) or 8*(2). Preadipose platelets 3*(6) or 4(14). Ventral surface of trunk between posteroventral margin of cleithrum and pelvic-fin origin laterally delimited only by first ventrolateral body plate; ventral portion of first ventrolateral body plate slightly expanded anteriorly. Small platelets covering base of caudal-fin rays. Small platelets disposed dorsally and ventrally between junctions of lateral plates on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Anterior margin of orbit, above region of junction between frontal and lateral ethmoid, ventral margin of nasal capsule, above lateral ethmoid, and dorsal surface of snout with numerous small- to relatively large-sized platelets bearing odontodes; platelets on anterior margin of orbit and ventral margin of nasal capsule typically larger and coalescent. Ventral surface of trunk with scarce to relatively numerous small-sized irregular platelets bearing odontodes; platelets more concentrated anteriorly and/or around pectoral-fin base.
Vertebral count 21(3); ribs 5(3); first pair conspicuously large, its middle portion closely connected to first ventrolateral body plate; its tip connected to anterior external process of basipterygium. Parapophysis of complex vertebra well developed.

==========================

Corydoras hypnos, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:841242F8-3AE8-4166-A0EA-D76D63340BCE

Holotype. MNRJ 53288, 31.7 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim, a tributary to the rio Tapajós, 08°23’00”S 55°19’08”W, 8 Jul 2019, M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt.
Paratypes. All from Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim basin, rio Tapajós drainage, collected by M. R. Britto, W. M. Ohara and L. F. C. Tencatt. CITL 384, 2, 20.9–26.3 mm SL, stream with unknown name, 08°23’06”S 55°19’43”W, 7 Jul 2019. INPA 59775, 3, 22.2–27.2 mm SL, same locality as holotype, 7 Jul 2019. INPA 59774, 2, 22.6–28.2 mm SL, same locality as holotype, 11 Jul 2019. CITL 385, 11 of 13, 17.6–25.7 mm SL, 2 cs of 13, 26.6–32.0 mm SL; MZUSP 126861, 12, 13.2–24.7 mm SL; NUP 23541, 11, 18.9–26.1 mm SL, collected with the holotype.




FIGURE 7 |
Corydoras hypnos, holotype, MNRJ 53288, 31.7 mm SL, Brazil, Pará State, Novo Progresso Municipality, rio Jamanxim, a tributary to the rio Tapajós basin.


Diagnosis.Corydoras hypnos can be distinguished from its congeners, except for the species from the lineages 6, 7 and 9 sensuAlexandrou et al., (2011) plus C. difluviatilis, C. hastatus, and C. pygmaeus, by having posterior margin of pectoral-fin spine with most serrations directed towards the tip of the spine (vs. most serrations directed towards origin of spine); from C. difluviatilis and C. pygmaeus it differs by the presence of contact between nuchal plate and posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital (vs. absence of contact between nuchal plate and the posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital); from C. hastatus by the absence of a large-sized dark blotch on caudal-fin base (vs. caudal-fin base region with a dark brown or black large blotch, roughly diamond-shaped or rhomboid, or arrow-shaped, typically bordered anteriorly and posteriorly by conspicuously light areas); it can be distinguished from the species within lineage 7 by having dark brown or black markings on fins, except for the pectoral and pelvic fins (vs. fins devoid of conspicuous dark markings); it differs from the species within lineages 6 and 9, except for C. benattii, C. eversi Tencatt & Britto, 2016, C. froehlichi Tencatt, Britto & Pavanelli, 2016, C. granti Tencatt, Lima & Britto, 2019, C. gryphus Tencatt, Britto & Pavanelli, 2014, C. psamathos, and C. thanatos, by having dorsal surface of snout with numerous platelets bearing odontodes (vs. dorsal surface of snout lacking platelets); from C. benattii and C. froehlichi by having moderately- to relatively well-developed and smoothly rounded snout (vs. conspicuously short and rounded snout); from C. eversi and C. granti, it can be distinguished by having ventral surface of trunk only with small-sized, non-coalescent platelets (vs. ventral surface of trunk entirely or partially covered by moderate- to relatively large-sized, coalescent platelets); from C. gryphus by having midline of flank with longitudinal series of dark brown or black blotches, when present, diffuse (vs. midline of flank with a longitudinal series of four to six conspicuous dark brown or black blotches), and mesethmoid partially exposed (vs. entirely covered by thick layer of skin); from C. psamathos by the presence of conspicuous dark brown or black markings at least in dorsal and caudal fins (vs. absence of conspicuous dark brown or black markings on body; dark markings, when present, diffuse); from C. thanatos by having anterior laminar expansion moderately developed, poorly expanded towards the anteroventral portion of snout, leaving most of its lateral surface exposed (vs. anterior laminar expansion of infraorbital 1 strongly well developed, conspicuously expanded towards the anteroventral portion of snout, significantly covering its lateral surface).
Description. Morphometric data in Tab. 2. Head laterally compressed with convex dorsal profile, roughly triangular in dorsal view. Snout ranging from moderately to relatively well developed and smoothly rounded. Head profile convex from tip of snout to anterior nares; ascending nearly straight or slightly convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin; region of frontal or parieto-supraoccipital slightly concave in some specimens. Profile slightly convex along dorsal-fin base. Postdorsal-fin body profile slightly concave to adipose-fin spine, slightly concave from this point to caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of body nearly straight or slightly convex from isthmus to pectoral girdle, and slightly convex from this point until pelvic girdle. Profile nearly straight or slightly convex from pelvic girdle to base of first anal-fin ray, ascending slightly concave until caudal-fin base. Body roughly elliptical in cross section at pectoral girdle, gradually becoming more compressed toward caudal fin.
Eye rounded, located dorsolaterally on head. Orbit delimited anteriorly by lateral ethmoid, anterodorsally by frontal, posterodorsally by sphenotic, posteroventrally by infraorbital 2, and anteroventrally by infraorbital 1. Anterior and posterior nares close to each other, only separated by flap of skin. Anterior naris tubular. Posterior naris close to anterodorsal margin of orbit, separated from it by distance similar to naris diameter. Mouth small, subterminal, width similar to bony orbit diameter. Maxillary barbel ranging from short to moderate in size, not reaching to anteroventral limit of gill opening. Outer mental barbel slightly longer than maxillary barbel. Inner mental barbel fleshy, base of each counterpart slightly separated from each other. Small rounded papillae covering entire surface of all barbels, upper and lower lips, snout and isthmus.
Mesethmoid moderate in size, with anterior tip poorly developed, slightly smaller than 50% of bone length (see Britto, 2003:123, character 1, state 1; fig. 1B); posterior portion wide, partially exposed and bearing small odontodes. Nasal capsule delimited posteriorly and dorsally by frontal, anteriorly by mesethmoid, and ventrally and posteriorly by lateral ethmoid. Nasal slender, laterally curved, inner margin with poorly- to moderately-developed laminar expansion generally contacting frontal and mesethmoid; variably close but not in direct contact with mesethmoid; outer margin with poorly-developed to strongly reduced laminar expansion. Lateral ethmoid slightly expanded anteriorly, with anterodorsal expansion relatively distant from nasal, and anterior margin contacting posterior portion of mesethmoid. Frontal elongated, narrow, width less than half of entire length; anterior projection short, size smaller than nasal length. Frontal fontanel large, slender, and somewhat ellipsoid; posterior tip extension slightly surpassing anterior margin of parieto-supraoccipital. Sphenotic somewhat trapezoid, contacting parieto-supraoccipital dorsally, pterotic-extrascapular posteriorly, second infraorbital posteroventrally and frontal anteriorly (Fig. 8A). Pterotic-extrascapular roughly pipe-shaped, with posteriormost portion contacting first lateral-line ossicle, posteroventral margin contacting cleithrum, and anteroventral margin contacting opercle; posterior expansion almost entirely covering lateral opening of swimbladder capsule, leaving slender area on its dorsal margin covered only by thick layer of skin. Parieto-supraoccipital wide, posterior process long and contacting nuchal plate; region of contact between posterior process and nuchal plate covered by thick layer of skin.
Two laminar infraorbitals with minute odontodes. Infraorbital 1 large, ventral laminar expansion ranging from poorly to moderately developed; anterior portion with laminar expansion moderately developed, reaching to middle portion of nasal capsule; inner laminar expansion poorly developed (Fig. 8A). Infraorbital 2 small, slender, with posterior laminar expansion ranging from strongly reduced to poorly developed; posteroventral margin contacting posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, posterodorsal edge contacting only sphenotic; inner laminar expansion ranging from strongly reduced to poorly developed (Fig. 8A). Posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula close to its articulation with opercle relatively slender, exposed, and bearing small odontodes. Dorsal ridge of hyomandibula between pterotic-extrascapular and opercle typically covered by thin skin layer. Interopercle entirely covered by thick layer of skin or almost entirely covered by thick layer of skin, with posterior portion exposed, and typically bearing small odontodes; subtriangular, anterior projection moderately developed. Preopercle elongated, relatively slender; minute odontodes on external surface. Opercle dorsoventrally elongated, with width slightly smaller or similar to half of its entire length; free margin slightly convex, without serrations and covered by small odontodes.
Four branchiostegal rays decreasing in size posteriorly. Hypobranchial 1 deep; hypobranchial 2 somewhat triangular, tip ossified and directed towards anterior portion, posterior margin cartilaginous; ossified portion well developed, its size about twice or triple of cartilaginous portion. Five ceratobranchials with expansions increasing posteriorly; ceratobranchial 1 with small process on anterior margin of mesial portion; ceratobranchial 3 notched on postero-lateral margin; variably with continuous laminar expansion on postero-lateral margin; ceratobranchial 5 toothed on posterodorsal surface, with 34 to 37(3) teeth aligned in one row. Four epibranchials with similar size; epibranchial 2 slightly larger than others, with small pointed process on laminar expansion of posterior margin; epibranchial 3 with mesially-curved uncinate process on laminar expansion of posterior margin. Two wide pharyngobranchials (3 and 4); pharyngobranchial 3 with smoothly rounded to nearly straight laminar expansion on posterior margin. Upper tooth plate roughly oval, 40 to 53(3) teeth aligned in two rows on posteroventral surface; rows closely aligned.
Lateral-line canal reaching cephalic laterosensory system through pterotic-extrascapular, branching twice before reaching sphenotic: pterotic branch, with single pore, preoperculomandibular branch conspicuously reduced, with single pore opening at postotic main canal; postotic main canal widens just posterior to pterotic branch. Sensory canal continuing through pterotic-extrascapular, reaching sphenotic as temporal canal, which splits into two branches: one branch giving rise to infraorbital canal, other branch connecting to frontal through supraorbital canal, both with single pore. Supraorbital canal branched, running through nasal bone. Epiphyseal branch conspicuously reduced; pore opening close to supraorbital main canal, directed towards frontal fontanel. Nasal canal with three openings, first on posterior edge, second on posterolateral portion, generally fused with first pore, and third on anterior edge. Infraorbital canal running through entire infraorbital 2, extending to infraorbital 1 and opening into two or three pores. Preoperculomandibular branch giving rise to preoperculo-mandibular canal, which runs through entire preopercle with three openings, leading to pores 3, 4, and 5, respectively; pore 3 variably opening at posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula.
Dorsal fin subtriangular, located just posterior to second or third dorsolateral body plate. Dorsal-fin rays II,8*(19), II,9(1), posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine with 16 to 17 strongly reduced to poorly-developed serrations; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations variably perpendicularly directed; serrations absent close to origin of spine; small odontodes on anterior and lateral surfaces of spine (Fig. 8B). Nuchal plate moderately developed, almost entirely exposed, with minute odontodes. Spinelet short; spine moderately developed, with adpressed distal tip slightly surpassing posterior origin of dorsal-fin base. Pectoral fin roughly triangular, its origin just posterior to gill opening. Pectoral-fin rays I,7(3), I,7,i(1) or I,8*(16), posterior margin of pectoral spine with 20 to 32 strongly reduced to moderately-developed serrations along its entire length; most serrations directed towards tip of spine; some serrations perpendicularly directed or directed towards origin of spine; serrations variably bifid; small odontodes on anterior, dorsal and ventral surfaces of spine (Fig. 8C). Anteroventral portion of cleithrum exposed; posterolateral portion of scapulocoracoid moderately developed, exposed, with anterior portion slightly expanded anteriorly, not in contact with anteroventral portion of cleithrum; exposed areas bearing small odontodes. Opening of axillary gland sensuKiehl et al., (2006) located just posterior to pectoral-fin spine base. Pelvic fin oblong, located just below first or second ventrolateral body plate, and at vertical through first branched dorsal-fin ray. Pelvic-fin rays i,5*(20). Adipose fin roughly triangular, separated from base of last dorsal-fin ray by generally six dorsolateral body plates. Anal fin subtriangular, typically located just posterior to 12th ventrolateral body plates, and at vertical through adipose-fin spine base or region of preadipose platelets. Anal-fin rays ii,5(19) or ii,6(1). Caudal fin bilobed, with dorsal and ventral lobes similar in size or dorsal lobe slightly larger than ventral lobe. Caudal-fin rays i,12,i*(20), generally four or five dorsal and ventral procurrent rays.
Typically, three laterosensory canals on trunk; first ossicle tubular, second ossicle laminar, both bearing small odontodes; third, encased in third dorsolateral body plates. Body plates with minute odontodes scattered over exposed area, with conspicuous line of odontodes confined to posterior margins. Dorsolateral body plates 23(17) or 24*(3). Ventrolateral body plates 20(13) or 21*(7). Dorsolateral body plates along dorsal-fin base 6*(18) or 7(2). Dorsolateral body plates between adipose- and caudal-fin 7(18) or 8*(2). Preadipose platelets 3*(6) or 4(14). Ventral surface of trunk between posteroventral margin of cleithrum and pelvic-fin origin laterally delimited only by first ventrolateral body plate; ventral portion of first ventrolateral body plate slightly expanded anteriorly. Small platelets covering base of caudal-fin rays. Small platelets disposed dorsally and ventrally between junctions of lateral plates on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Anterior margin of orbit, above region of junction between frontal and lateral ethmoid, ventral margin of nasal capsule, above lateral ethmoid, and dorsal surface of snout with numerous small- to relatively large-sized platelets bearing odontodes; platelets on anterior margin of orbit and ventral margin of nasal capsule typically larger and coalescent. Ventral surface of trunk with scarce to relatively numerous small-sized irregular platelets bearing odontodes; platelets more concentrated anteriorly and/or around pectoral-fin base.
Vertebral count 21(3); ribs 5(3); first pair conspicuously large, its middle portion closely connected to first ventrolateral body plate; its tip connected to anterior external process of basipterygium. Parapophysis of complex vertebra well developed.
==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5194.2.9
PUBLISHED: 2022-10-05
Pethia dikhuensis (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species from Nagaland, Northeast, India

• JAYASIMHAN PRAVEENRAJ+
• LIMAAKUM+
• JOHN DANIEL MARCUS KNIGHT+
• NALLATHAMBI MOULITHARAN+
• NUNGSANGTEMJEN IMCHEN+

PISCESBARBSCYPRINIFORMESPETHIA EXPLETIFORISDIKHU RIVERBRAHMAPUTRA RIVER

• PDF(8M)

AbstractA new species of Pethia from Nagaland, northeastern India is distinguished from all its congeners in the Ganges-Brahmaputra drainage, Kaladan drainage and the Chindwin- Ayeyarwady drainage by the following combination of characters: lateral line complete with 22–23 pored scales up to tail-fin base, 3rd and 4th lateral line scales with minute humeral spot, a large elliptical to rounded black blotch covering 16th to 18th, or 17th to 19th lateral-line scales; live male specimens with reddish-green body above lateral line and reddish-orange beneath; dorsal, pectoral, pelvic, anal and caudal fins reddish-orange; dorsal fin in both sexes with broad black submargin. Genetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase unit I (cox1) suggests that the species is distinct from other known species of Pethia for which data are available.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5190.4.6
PUBLISHED: 2022-09-30
DNA barcode data confirm the placement of subterranean Noemacheilus (Troglocobitis) starostini Parin 1983 in the genus Paracobitis (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae)

• JÖRG FREYHOF+
• MATTHIAS F. GEIGER+
• SARAH BALL+
• BRIAN ZIMMERMAN+

PISCESFRESHWATER FISHTAXONOMYCYTOCHROME OXIDASE IMIDDLE EAST

• PDF(3M)

AbstractDNA barcodes (COI) of Troglocobitis starostini, endemic to a single site in Turkmenistan, were analysed and put into the taxonomic context of the large group of nemacheilid loaches known from Western and Central Asia. All applied phylogenetic tree-based analyses place the species into the genus Paracobitis. This finding supports previous morphological studies. While the exact position of Troglocobitis starostini within Paracobitis was not resolved unambiguously, it was constantly recovered within Paracobitis, irrespective of the tree reconstruction method applied. With a minimum interspecific K2P distance of 7.19% P. persa was the closest hit in our dataset, which comprised a total of ten species of Paracobitis, which showed an average interspecific K2P distance of 5.43% (range 2.78–9.44%).

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5189.1.17
PUBLISHED: 2022-09-23
Four new species of the frogmouth genus Chaunax (Lophiiformes: Chaunacidae) from Taiwan and the Philippines

• HSUAN-CHING HO+
• WEN-CHUN MA+

PISCESBIODIVERSITYSYSTEMATICSTAXONOMYANGLERFISHDEEP-SEA FISH

• PDF(17M)

AbstractFour new species of the genus Chaunax found in Taiwan and the Philippines are described. Chaunax albatrossae sp. nov. belongs to the C. abei species group and is distinct from its congeners in having a dark gray mouth cavity, a dark brown to black gill chamber and gill rakers and skin covered with only short, simple spinules. Three new species belong to the C. fimbriatus species group: Chaunax erythraeus sp. nov. is distinct in having a uniformly pinkish-red body and an entirely black gill chamber; Chaunax obscurus sp. nov. is distinct in having a dark gray mouth cavity and orange-red marbling on the dorsal surface that fades after fixation; and Chaunax viridiretis sp. nov. is distinguished by its green reticulate pattern with some small, bright-white patches on the dorsal surface. The diagnostic characters used to identify the chaunacids are summarized and a key to all Chaunax species found in Taiwan and adjacent waters is provided.


==========================

Hemimyzon yushanensis, a new species of balitorid fish (Teleostei: Baltiordae) from southern Taiwan

• I-SHIUNG CHEN+
• TONISMAN HAREFA+
• YUNG-CHING CHANG+
• CHIAO-CHUAN HAN+

PISCESHEMIMYZONNEW SPECIESBALITORIDAEFISH FAUNATAIWAN

• PDF(1M)

AbstractThe new balitorid fish was collected in the Kaoping river basin from southern Taiwan. The new balitorid, Hemimyzon yushanensis n. sp. can be well distinguished from other congeneric species by following combination of features: (1) dorsal fin rays 3 + 8; pectoral fin rays 11-13 + 9-11 (total 22-23; modally 22); (2) lateral-line scales 69-72 (modally 70); predorsal scales 25-30 (26-27); (3) pelvic fin moderate large, extending to rear vertical of dorsal fin; (4) the position of anus with larger distance of pelvic rear tip to anus about 1.2-1.7 times of that of anus to anal fin origin; and (5) specific coloration: predrorsal region and head with rounded creamy yellow spots, pectoral and pelvic fins with several small whitish spots on greenish brown background. The morphological comparison of congeners and diagnostic key of Taiwanese species would be also provided in this paper.

​==========================

---

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5189.1.18
PUBLISHED: 2022-09-23
A new cryptic species of the pineapple fish genus Monocentris (Family Monocentridae) from the western Pacific Ocean, with redescription of M. japonica (Houttuyn, 1782)

• YO SU+
• HSIU-CHIN LIN+
• HSUAN-CHING HO+

PISCESACTINOPTERYGIITRACHICHTHYIFORMESTAXONOMYDNA BARCODINGBIODIVERSITY

• PDF(12M)

AbstractA new pineapple fish is described based on 26 type and 80 non-type specimens collected from Taiwan, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, and Queensland, Australia. This new species is sympatric with and similar to Monocentris japonica but can be distinguished from the latter in having only 6 or 7 scales on the third scale row below the lateral line; excisura notched and a small pseudo-excisura present on the sagittal otolith; consistently greater head depth, body depth, postorbital length, dorsal-fin–pelvic-fin length, and dorsal-fin–pectoral-fin length in proportion to standard length. A detailed description and designation of neotype are provided for M. japonica. DNA barcoding analysis supports the distinction of the new species with an estimated average COI gene divergence of 3.6 % from M. japonica.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5189.1.12
PUBLISHED: 2022-09-23
Two new species of the snake eel genus Bascanichthys (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from the northwestern Pacific

• YUSUKE HIBINO+
• KENTA YAMASHITA+
• YOU SAKURAI+
• HSUAN-CHING HO+

PISCESICHTHYOLOGYTAXONOMYELOPOMORPHATAIWANRYUKYU ISLANDSESTUARY

• PDF(1M)

AbstractTwo new species of the elongate snake eel genus Bascanichthys are described from the northwestern Pacific. Bascanichthys kabeyawan sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen collected from estuary of southern Taiwan. It is characterized by having head 4.6% TL; tail 52.3% TL; body depth at gill opening 1.1% TL; predorsal-fin length 58.4% HL; snout length 10.9% HL; body bicolored, head without bands; lateral-line pores anterior to anus 104; vertebral formula 4-103-224. Bascanichthys ryukyuensis sp. nov. is described based on two specimens collected from the shallow water of Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands of southern Japan. It is characterized by having head 3.7–4.3% TL; tail 43.3–44.2% TL; predorsal-fin length 40.7–45.4% HL; snout length 11.3–13.1% HL; body pale brown, head without distinct dark bands after preservation; lateral-line pores anterior to anus 114–118; total vertebrae 207–216, mean vertebral formula 2-116-212; and dorsal-fin origin before middle of head.

==========================

A new species of gobiid fish Lentipes niasensis (Gobiidae: Sicydiinae) from Nias Island, Indonesia

• TONISMAN HAREFA+
• I-SHIUNG CHEN+

PISCESLENTIPESNEW SPECIESTAXONOMYNIAS ISLANDINDONESIA

• PDF(2M)

AbstractA new species of goby of the subfamily Sicydiinae, Lentipes niasensis, is described from the stream of Humogo River, Nias Island, Indonesia. This species can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of features: (1) fin ray counts: D2 I/10; A I/10; P 17–18; D1 not connected to D2 in either sex. (2) squamation: LR 7–11; anterior half of body naked, lateral body scales present from 5–6th rays of second dorsal-fin to hypural, embedded in skin. (3) upper jaw teeth in male 14–19 and in female 33–38. (4) urogenital papilla in male slender and distally pointed, flanked by pair of associated fleshy lobes and not retractable into sheath–like groove. (5) distinctive colour pattern of male: upper lip greyish, red patches on the pectoral-fin base, on mid-body below origin of second dorsal-fin and at caudal peduncle.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5189.1.6
PUBLISHED: 2022-09-23
A new freshwater gobiid species of Rhinogobius Gill, 1859 (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from northern Taiwan

• I-SHIUNG CHEN+
• SHEN-CHIH WANG+
• KWANG-TSAO SHAO+

PISCESNEW GOBYFRESHWATER FISHRHINOGOBIUSFISH FAUNATAIWAN

• PDF(1M)

AbstractA new freshwater rhinogoby has been collected and surveyed from northern Taiwan. The new species, Rhinogobius yangminshanensis n. sp. with fluvial life history can be well distinguished from other congeners by the following combination of features: (1) fin rays: second dorsal fin rays I/9; anal fin rays I/8; pectoral fin rays modally 16; (2) squamation: longitudinal scale series 28–30 (modally 29); perdorsal scales 9–10 (modally 9); (4) vertebral count 27; (5) rear edge of mouth: merely extending to vertical of anterior margin of pupil in male and (6) specific colouration: lateral side with 6–7 longitudinal rows of bright orange to orange red spots in male which general size about 1/2 of pupil diameter. Cheek and opercle with 24–35 orange spots in male. Branchiostegal membrane with many minute orange spots in male. Caudal fin with distally orange zone in male with about 3 vertical rows of orange or orange red spots. First dorsal fin with broad orange band on distally 1/3 area. A middle black spot in abterior first dorsal fin. Pectoral fin with two rows red orange spots in male. The phylogenetic comparisons have revealed that the great mitogenetic differences of R. yangminshanensis with all other congeneric species and sister species would be R. rubromaculatus in Taiwan. A diagnostic key to all valid species of Rhinogobius from Taiwan is also provided.

==========================

Description of three new species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 and a re-description of S. bengalensis (Chordata, Osteichthyes, Clupeiformes, Engraulidae)


Harutaka Hata, Sébastien Lavoué, Hiroyuki MotomuraAbstractExamination of numerous specimens characterised by predorsal scute, long maxilla, indented preopercle and pelvic scute lacking a spine and previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) or Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933, revealed four distinct species, true S. bengalensis (distributed from the Bay of Bengal to Pakistan) and three new species, viz., Stolephorus eldorado sp. nov. (Taiwan to Java, Indonesia), Stolephorus diabolus sp. nov. (Strait of Malacca, from Penang , Malaysia, to Singapore) and Stolephorus eclipsis sp. nov. (Bintan Island, Riau Archipelago, Indonesia). Characters separating the four species include numbers of gill rakers on each gill arch and vertebrae and pelvic fin and dorsal-fin ray lengths. Two molecular markers (mitochondrial cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I genes) demonstrated the distinction of three of the species examined morphologically and enabled a reconstruction of their phylogenetic relationships. Each species was genetically divergent from the others by 3.5%–7.7% mean uncorrected distance in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene.
KeywordsActinopterygii, Clupeomorpha, phylogenetics, Stolephorus tri, taxonomy
IntroductionThe anchovy genus Stolephorus Lacepède, 1803 (Teleostei: Clupeiformes: Engraulidae), diagnosed by the presence of prepelvic scutes and an embedded urohyal and lack of postpelvic scutes, currently includes 37 valid species that preferentially inhabit marine and/or estuarine waters in the Indo-Pacific region (Wongratana 1983, 1987a, b; Whitehead et al. 1988; Wongratana et al. 1999; Kimura et al. 2009; Hata and Motomura 2018a, b, c, d, e, 2021a, b, c, 2022; Hata et al. 2019, 2020a, b, 2021; Gangan et al. 2020). Amongst them, species with a predorsal scute, paired dark lines on the dorsum behind the dorsal fin, a long maxilla (posterior tip well beyond the preopercle posterior margin), the preopercle posterior margin concave and pelvic scute without a posteriorly projecting spine (Fig. 1) are regarded as Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 by Whitehead et al. (1988), who reviewed the genus. Hata et al. (2019) revised the taxonomy of seven nominal species of Stolephorus, treating Whitehead et al.’s (1988) S. insularis as Stolephorus bengalensis (Dutt & Babu Rao, 1959) and regarding the nominal species S. insularis as a junior synonym of Stolephorus tri (Bleeker, 1852). However, subsequent re-examination of specimens, identified as S. bengalensis, in fact revealed the presence of four species.

Figure 1. Diagnostic characters of species previously identified as Stolephorus bengalensis A lateral view of whole body B dorsal-fin origin (triangle indicates predorsal scute, located just anterior to dorsal-fin origin) C dorsal view of dorsum behind dorsal fin (triangle indicates paired dark lines) D lateral surface of head (triangle indicates posterior tip of maxilla, posteriorly well beyond posterior margin of pre-opercle) E pre-opercle with concave posterior margin (supramaxilla removed) and F ventral view of pelvic fin (triangle indicates pelvic scute, lacking spine) (A KAUM–I. 94521, paratype of S. eldorado sp. nov. in fresh condition, 43.4 mm SL, Ha Long Bay, northern Vietnam B, E, F KAUM–I. 113148, paratype of S. eldorado sp. nov., 55.3 mm SL, Ke-tzu-liao, south-western Taiwan C ZUMT 62056, paratype of S. diabolus sp. nov., 38.4 mm SL, Singapore D KAUM–I. 94509, paratype of S. eldorado sp. nov., 41.4 mm SL, Ha Long Bay, northern Vietnam) (B, D, E and F alizarin stain).
The aim of this study is to re-describe S. bengalensis and describe three new species of Stolephorus from specimens previously regarded as S. insularis or S. bengalensis. In addition to the morphological comparisons, complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequences from 31 specimens were used to estimate the genetic distinction of three of the latter (the fourth species unavailable) plus one unidentified, but related species from Segara Anakan Lagoon, Central Java, Indonesia (Nuryanto et al. 2017).

==========================

A BETTA SHOW IN HOLLAND entry forms click here

http://www.hollandbettashow.com/holland-betta-show-2022/entry-forms/

==========================

On the Identity of the Banded Gourami Trichogaster fasciata (Perciformes: Osphronemidae) with Notes on the Taxonomic Status of Trichopodus bejeus


Trichogaster fasciata Bloch & Schneider, 1801, 
Trichogaster bejeus (Hamilton, 1822)

in Knight, Nallathambi, Vijayakrishnan & Jayasimhan, 2022. 
 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15191
 facebook.com: Praveenraj Jayasimhan

Abstract
Based on its original description and putative topotypes, the identity of the banded gourami Trichogaster fasciata is resolved. Trichogaster lalia is a synonym of T. fasciata, and the name Trichogaster bejeus is applied to the species hitherto identified as T. fasciata. T. fasciata is distinguished from its congeners in the shape of caudal fin, colouration, lip morphology and meristic and mensural characters.

Keywords: Colisa gourami, Osphronemidae, taxonomy, Trichogaster fasciata, Trichogaster lalia, Trichogaster bejeus


Trichogaster fasciata
Trichogaster bejeus
 

J. D. Marcus Knight, Moulitharan Nallathambi, Balaji Vijayakrishnan and Praveenraj Jayasimhan. 2022. On the Identity of the Banded Gourami Trichogaster fasciata with Notes on the Taxonomic Status of Trichopodus bejeus (Teleostei: Perciformes: Osphronemidae). Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15191
 facebook.com/PraveenRaj39750121/posts/5631892513515719

==========================

A new species of deep-water Lethrinops (Cichlidae) from Lake Malawi ( Lethrinops atrilabris )

George F. Turner
First published: 04 September 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15208
This article has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Fish Biology and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/jfb.15208.
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractA new species of cichlid fish, Lethrinops atrilabris is described from specimens collected by trawling at a depth of around 90m off Monkey Bay, southern Lake Malawi. It is assigned to the genus Lethrinops on the basis of its vertical flank barring, lack of enlarged cephalic lateral line canal pores and the form of the lower jaw dental arcade. It can be distinguished from congeneric species by its male breeding dress of contrasting flank barring and dark ventral surface, most strikingly on the lips, throat and chest, its relatively small known maximum size (<75mm SL), large eyes (38-41% head length), laterally compressed body (depth 2.5-2.7 times max head width) and lower gillraker count (13-14).

==========================

A new species of Geophagus (Teleostei: Cichlidae): naming a cichlid species widely known in the Aquarium hobby as “Geophagus sp. Tapajos Red head” (Geophagus sensu stricto)


Junior Chuctaya,Pedro Nitschke,Marcelo C. Andrade,Juliana Wingert,Luiz R. Malabarba
First published: 04 September 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15207
This article has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Fish Biology and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/jfb.15207.
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREABSTRACTA new species of Geophagus sensu stricto is described from the Tapajos River basin, Brazil, elevating the number of species of the genus to 21. The new species is of commercial importance and is known in the aquarist trade as Geophagus “red head”. The new species is diagnosed using an integrative approach, based on mitochondrial DNA analysis along with morphological evidence. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by the absence of markings on head, the bar pattern composed by nine vertical bars on flanks, and the presence of distinct longitudinal bands in the caudal fin. Additionally, it shows a genetic distance of at least 2.0% in cytochrome-b gene sequences from its closest congeners. Molecular analysis including most genera of Cichlidae from South America corroborates that the new species belongs to the group of Geophagus sensu stricto.

==========================

31 August 2022

Environmental Factors in Spawning of Wild Devils Hole Pupfish Cyprinodon diabolis (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae)


Ambre L. Chaudoin, Olin G. Feuerbacher, Scott A. Bonar, Paul J. Barrett
Author Affiliations +
Ichthyology & Herpetology, 110(3):502-510 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2020053

AbstractThe sole wild population of the endangered Devils Hole Pupfish, Cyprinodon diabolis, has declined to fewer than 40 individuals twice since 2006, prompting increased recovery efforts. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Devils Hole Pupfish recovery plan stipulates two reproducing captive populations, though, historically, propagation efforts have yielded little success. To address information deficits in reproductive behavior and ecology, from February–December 2010 we investigated environmental factors associated with spawning activity of C. diabolis in Devils Hole, Nevada, USA. An underwater camera continuously monitored a portion of a shallow, submerged rock shelf used for spawning. Select biotic, abiotic, and physico-chemical parameters were monitored continuously throughout the year. Water level and precipitation data provided by the U.S. National Park Service identified disturbances from earthquake-induced seiches and storm-induced flash floods. Zero-inflated Poisson regression provided a model with 28% predictive power with algal cover, light energy, and seiches as the three strongest predictors among tested factors in spawning behavior of C. diabolis in the wild.

A new species of air-breathing catfish (Clariidae: Clarias) from Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo (American Museum novitates, no. 3990)

Bernt, Maxwell J.; Stiassny, Melanie L. J.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2246/7304
Date: 2022-08-30Abstract:A new species of air-breathing catfish, Clarias monsembulai, is described from Congo River tributaries within and bordering the Salonga National Park (Democratic Republic of the Congo). The new taxon is recognized by its exceptionally long, white barbels, which lend a superficial resemblance to Clarias buthupogon, from which it differs in characters of the cleithrum and pigmentation patterning. We suggest placement of this species into the subgenus Clarioides but note the current dearth of morphological data to unite members of this group. We additionally discuss the validity of the subspecies Clarias angolensis macronema.Show full item record

==========================

NEWS RELEASE 16-AUG-2022Fish "chock-full" of antifreeze protein found in iceberg habitats off GreenlandSnailfish study reveals highest expression levels of antifreeze proteins ever reported, underscoring the importance of unique adaptation in sub-zero waters and hinting at shifting biodiversity as ice caps warm
Peer-Reviewed PublicationAMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

 IMAGE: A JUVENILE LIPARIS GIBBUS IMAGED UNDER WHITE LIGHT view more 
CREDIT: © J. SPARKS, D. GRUBER
New research based on an expedition to the icy waters off Greenland reveals soaring levels of antifreeze proteins in a species of tiny snailfish, underlying the importance of this unique adaptation to life in sub-zero temperatures. The study, led by scientists at the American Museum of Natural History and the City University of New York (CUNY), and published today in the journal Evolutionary Bioinformatics, also warns that warming oceanic temperatures in the Arctic could pose a threat to these highly specialized fishes.
“Similar to how antifreeze in your car keeps the water in your radiator from freezing in cold temperatures, some animals have evolved amazing machinery that prevent them from freezing, such as antifreeze proteins, which prevent ice crystals from forming,” said David Gruber, a research associate at the Museum and a distinguished biology professor at CUNY’s Baruch College. “We already knew that this tiny snailfish, which lives in extremely cold waters, produced antifreeze proteins, but we didn’t realize just how chock-full of those proteins it is—and the amount of effort it was putting into making these proteins.”
The icy waters of polar oceans are an extreme environment for marine life, limiting inhabitants to those with mechanisms to cope with freezing temperatures. Unlike some species of reptiles and insects, fishes cannot survive even partial freezing of their body fluids, so they depend on antifreeze proteins, made primarily in the liver, to prevent the formation of large ice grains inside their cells and body fluids. The ability of fishes to make these specialized proteins was discovered nearly 50 years ago, and scientists have since determined that antifreeze proteins are made from five different gene families.
Gruber and co-author John Sparks, a curator in the Museum’s Department of Ichthyology, decided to investigate the antifreeze proteins of the juvenile variegated snailfish, Liparis gibbus, after encountering a separate exceptional ability of the tiny fish—biofluorescence. In 2019, as part of a Constantine. S. Niarchos Expedition, Sparks and Gruber were exploring the iceberg habitats off the coast of Eastern Greenland when they found a juvenile variegated snailfish glowing in green and red. Biofluorescence, the ability to convert blue light into green, red, or yellow light, is rare among Arctic fishes—where there are prolonged periods of darkness—and the snailfish remains the only polar fish reported to biofluoresce.
Upon further investigation of the biofluorescent properties of snailfish, the researchers found two different types of gene families encoding for antifreeze proteins. The snailfish genes have the highest expression levels of antifreeze proteins ever observed, highlighting their importance to these animals’ survival and sending up a red flag about how they might fare in warming environmental conditions.
“Since the mid-20th century, temperatures have increased twice as fast in the Arctic as in mid-latitudes and some studies predict that if Arctic sea ice decline continues at this current rate, in the summer the Arctic Ocean will be mostly ice-free within the next three decades,” Sparks said. “Arctic seas do not support a high diversity of fish species, and our study hypothesizes that with increasingly warming oceanic temperatures, ice-dwelling specialists such as this snailfish may encounter increased competition by more temperate species that were previously unable to survive at these higher northern latitudes.”
Other authors on this study include John Burns, American Museum of Natural History and the Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences; Jean Gaffney, CUNY; and Mercer Brugler, American Museum of Natural History and the University of South Carolina Beaufort.
This research was generously supported by the Stavros Niarchos Foundation through an AMNH Constantine S. Niarchos Expedition grant.
A video about the 2019 Constantine S. Niarchos Expedition that resulted in these findings can be viewed here.


ABOUT THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY (AMNH)
The American Museum of Natural History, founded in 1869, is one of the world’s preeminent scientific, educational, and cultural institutions. The Museum encompasses more than 40 permanent exhibition halls, including those in the Rose Center for Earth and Space plus the Hayden Planetarium, as well as galleries for temporary exhibitions. The Museum’s scientists draw on a world-class research collection of more than 34 million artifacts and specimens, some of which are billions of years old, and on one of the largest natural history libraries in the world. Through its Richard Gilder Graduate School, the Museum grants the Ph.D. degree in Comparative Biology and the Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT) degree, the only such free-standing, degree-granting programs at any museum in the United States. The Museum’s website, digital videos, and apps for mobile devices bring its collections, exhibitions, and educational programs to millions more around the world. Visit amnh.org for more information. 

JOURNALEvolutionary Bioinformatics

DOI10.1177/11769343221118347 

METHOD OF RESEARCHObservational study

SUBJECT OF RESEARCHAnimals

ARTICLE TITLETranscriptomics of a Greenlandic Snailfish Reveals Exceptionally High Expression of Antifreeze Protein Transcripts

ARTICLE PUBLICATION DATE16-Aug-2022
Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.

==========================

.

Observations on growth rate and allometry in the seasonal predatory killifish Nothobranchius ocellatus (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes)

• BRIAN R. WATTERS+
• BÉLA NAGY+

PISCESTANZANIARUVU AND RUFIJI DRAINAGESMORPHOMETRYMATURATIONSTATISTICSHOLOTYPENEOTYPE

• PDF(7M)

AbstractDuring the course of a taxonomic study involving Nothobranchius ocellatus, a fast-growing seasonal killifish of predatory behaviour, important morphometric differences were observed between the original measurements of the lost holotype and the neotype and additional available material of the species. In a laboratory study, the total length (TL) of selected specimens was measured from hatching and, during the sub-adult to sexually mature young adult phase, from 37 to 84 days age, subjected to an additional suite of detailed morphometric measurements. Growth rate was relatively rapid and linear at 1.3–1.4 mm/day through the first phase to sexual maturity at 7–8 weeks, followed by a marked flattening of the growth curve with, from 14 weeks, rates of only about 1.0 mm/week in males and 0.6 mm/week in females. Under captive conditions, maximum TL for adult male specimens ranged from 101 to 116 mm and 88 to 102 mm for females. Analyses of the morphometric character measurements made during the 37–84 day development phase showed allometric shape changes, primarily seen in body depth, head length and several other measures of head features, proportions of caudal peduncle, and length of fin bases. These changes are most prominently seen in males and changes in head proportions are important in relation to the predatory behaviour of the species. Morphometric differences between the immature holotype and the newly available material, including the neotype, are consistent with allometric shape variation, particularly in males of this species. Considering the seasonal life cycle common to all Nothobranchius species, and similar growth patterns, it is likely that allometric growth has broad relevance within the genus, suggesting it is a factor that should be taken into account in taxonomic endeavours, especially when the number of study specimens is limited.

Mustura yangi
​

The Extinct Shark Otodus megalodon was A Transoceanic Superpredator: Inferences from 3D Modeling


Otodus megalodon   

in Cooper, Hutchinson, Bernvi, et al. 2022. 
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9424

Abstract
Although shark teeth are abundant in the fossil record, their bodies are rarely preserved. Thus, our understanding of the anatomy of the extinct Otodus megalodon remains rudimentary. We used an exceptionally well-preserved fossil to create the first three-dimensional model of the body of this giant shark and used it to infer its movement and feeding ecology. We estimate that an adult O. megalodon could cruise at faster absolute speeds than any shark species today and fully consume prey the size of modern apex predators. A dietary preference for large prey potentially enabled O. megalodon to minimize competition and provided a constant source of energy to fuel prolonged migrations without further feeding. Together, our results suggest that O. megalodon played an important ecological role as a transoceanic superpredator. Hence, its extinction likely had large impacts on global nutrient transfer and trophic food webs.

Jack A. Cooper, John R. Hutchinson, David C. Bernvi, Geremy Cliff, Rory P. Wilson, Matt L. Dicken, Jan Menzel, Stephen Wroe, et al. 2022. The Extinct Shark Otodus megalodon was A Transoceanic Superpredator: Inferences from 3D Modeling.  SCIENCE ADVANCES. 8(33); DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9424
 twitter.com/PimientoGroup/status/1559964642595803136

==========================

Kaykay lafken • A New Pachycormiformes (Actinopterygii) from the Upper Jurassic of Gondwana sheds light on the Evolutionary History of the Group


Kaykay lafken
Gouiric-Cavalli & Arratia, 2022

DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2022.2049382
 twitter.com/JournalSystPal 
 
Abstract
As part of the transition from Holostei to Teleostei, †Pachycormiformes represent a key group of fishes. However, the anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the group in the context of the neopterygians are far from being understood. In this contribution we describe a new pachycormiform, †Kaykay lafken gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Jurassic of Argentina. We made an exhaustive review of morphological characters of holostean and teleostean fishes and explore through a cladistic analysis the phylogenetic relationships of the new species. †Kaykay gen. nov. is retrieved among †Pachycormiformes as being the sister taxon of the macrocarnivorous clade composed of †Orthocormus and †Hypsocormus. Among †Pachycormiformes the pattern of relationships mostly agrees with previous hypotheses, although our study highlights the still poor knowledge of the anatomy of this group. According to our results †Saurostomus is the sister taxon of other toothed pachycormids. †Orthocormus species are recovered as a monophyletic group. The unsolved position of †Pachycormus and †Sauropsis might be a consequence of poor preservation, revealing a lack of understanding of their anatomy. Our phylogenetic analysis also confirms the rapid radiation of holosteans and teleosteomorphs in the Early Triassic and the radiation of pholidophoriforms in the Middle Triassic. †Aspidorhynchoidei radiate in the Early Jurassic. The large ghost ranges (e.g. between †Aspidorhynchoidei and Teleosteomorpha) evidence biases in the fossil record.

Keywords: anatomy, systematics, taxonomy, teleosteomorphs, phylogeny, South America







Kaykay lafken gen. et sp. nov.,

 
Soledad Gouiric-Cavalli and Gloria Arratia. 2021. A New †Pachycormiformes (Actinopterygii) from the Upper Jurassic of Gondwana sheds light on the Evolutionary History of the Group. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 19(21); 1517-1550 [29 Apr 2022] DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2022.2049382
 twitter.com/JournalSystPal/status/1540255620363915265 
www.conicet.gov.ar/reportan-el-hallazgo-de-un-nuevo-pez-perteneciente-a-un-grupo-extinto/
==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5175.2.6
PUBLISHED: 2022-08-16
A new species of spiny Rineloricaria (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Rio Paraíba do Sul basin and costal rivers from Rio de Janeiro State

• GUILHERME JOSÉ DA COSTA SILVA+
• GABRIEL DE SOUZA DA COSTA E SILVA+
• CLAUDIO OLIVEIRA+

PISCESBIODIVERSITYLORICARIINAEPARAIBA DO SULCATFISHODONTOID

• PDF(1M)

AbstractAlthough the genus Rineloricaria is widely distributed in the Neotropical region, its species usually occupy single drainages with high habitat fidelity. Rineloricaria species show evident sexual dimorphism with hypertrophied odontodes in sexually mature males. Here, we describe a new species of Rineloricaria present in the Rio Paraiba do Sul basin and coastal rivers in Rio de Janeiro State. The new species has extreme sexual dimorphism making possible to differentiate it from all congeners. The new species can also be separated from other sympatric species by morphometric characteristics and dermal plates pattern.

==========================

Nothobranchius balamaensis (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae), a new species of annual killifish from northern Mozambique

• PEDRO H. N. BRAGANÇA+
• DIRK U. BELLSTEDT+
• P. DE WET VAN DER MERWE+
• FENTON P.D. COTTERILL+
• BRIAN R. WATTERS+
• ALBERT CHAKONA+

PISCESCYPRINODONTIFORMESNOTHOBRANCHIIDAENEOGENE RIFTINGMOLECULAR PHYLOGENYNOTHOBRANCHIUS KIRKINOTHOBRANCHIUS WATTERSI

• PDF(11M)

AbstractA new seasonal killifish of the genus Nothobranchius is described from the Montepuez River system in northern Mozambique. The new species, Nothobranchius balamaensis Bragança & Chakona, is differentiated from congeners by its characteristic colour pattern and molecular data further support its taxonomic distinctiveness. Phylogenetic results based on two mitochondrial and three nuclear genes confirms N. balamaensis is closely related to N. kirki and N. wattersi; all three belonging to the Coastal-Inland Clade. The new species is most similar in colour pattern to N. kirki sharing the characteristic of a deep red-orange colouration in the basal, proximal, and medial zones of the caudal and anal fins that grades to orange in the distal zone. This is a key feature that distinguishes these two species from all other Nothobranchius. The main distinguishing features between the new species and N. kirki is the presence of a light blue to white band or series of irregular markings in the proximal zone of the anal fin in N. kirki, versus the absence of such a colour pattern element in N. balamaensis, as well as differences in the dorsal fin pattern. When compared to all population groups of N. wattersi, the colour pattern of N. balamaensis is distinctive. Nothobranchius balamaensis is a relatively slender member of the genus, a characteristic that clearly distinguishes it from both N. kirki and N. wattersi. Nothobranchius balamaensis is currently only known from a few specimens from the type locality.

==========================

Species delineation and systematics of a hemiclonal hybrid complex in Australian freshwaters (Gobiiformes: Gobioidei: Eleotridae: Hypseleotris)Christine E. Thacker
, 
Daniel L. Geiger
 and 
Peter J. Unmack
Published:27 July 2022https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220201

Full paper available on link.

==========================

==========================

A new species of toothless, short dorsal-fin Schindleria (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from the Red Sea (Egypt)


Harald Ahnelt, Vanessa Robitzch, Mohamed Abu El-Regal
Abstract
We describe a new, tiny species of Schindleria from a reef lagoon in the Red Sea off the coast of Hurghada, Egypt. Schindleria edentata, new species, belongs to the short dorsal-fin type of Schindleria, with the dorsal and anal fins of about equal length. Schindleria edentata is characterized by an elongated but relatively deep body (body depth at anal-fin origin 10.8% of SL and at 4th anal-fin ray 10.9 % of SL); a short dorsal fin originating just slightly anterior to the anal fin (predorsal-fin length 60.9% of SL, pre-anal fin length 64.8% of SL); a stubby head with a steep frontal profile, a short snout (i.e., 23.1% of head length), and large eye (i.e., 27.7% of the head’s length); a long pectoral radial plate (length 7.6% of SL); four dorsal and four ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays increasing in length posteriorly; last procurrent ray simple without additional spine and, although the longest, not distinctly elongate; 15 dorsal-fin rays; 13 anal-fin rays; the base of the first anal-fin ray positioned below the base of the third dorsal-fin ray; upper and lower jaws toothless; in vivo with translucent body; eye black; swim bladder capped by a melanophore blotch; no pigmentation externally on body after preservation.
KeywordsGobiiformes, morphology, new species, paedomorphosis, progenesis
IntroductionThe genus Schindleria (Giltay, 1934) (Schindler’s fishes or infant fishes) has a large biogeographic range spanning the entire Indo-Pacific from remote South American islands to East and South African coasts, and from the Red Sea to Japan (summarized in Ahnelt and Sauberer 2020). Often found in and close to coral reef lagoons (Leis 1994; Watson 2000; Robitzch et al. 2021a), also offshore and deep-water records have been documented (Belyanina 1989; Parin 1991; Ahnelt and Sauberer 2020). Schindleria are not only among the smallest vertebrates (8 mm– 22 mm, average ca. 17 mm) but also mature rapidly. Some species reach maturity at an average of 37 days and may produce up to nine generations per year (Kon and Yoshino 2002).
Although individuals of Schindleria are likely among the most numerous fishes associated with coral reefs (Gosline and Brock 1960; Whittle 2003; Robitzch et al. 2021) these tiny gobioids are easily overlooked and frequently mistaken for larval fishes (Bogorodsky and Randall 2019; Robitzch et al. 2021a). Numerous records are based on a few specimens only (Ahnelt and Sauberer 2019, 2020; Robitzch et al. 2021b) and these were often collected as by-catch of other research surveys. Therefore, almost nothing is known about the biology and ecology of Schindleria (Robitzch et al. 2021a). To date, the sister group of Schindleria is still unknown and its position among gobioid fishes is still under debate (e.g., Ahnelt 2020; Abu El-Regal et al., 2021). Originally described as species of Hemirhamphus (Schindler 1930, 1931, 1932), these tiny fishes were reclassified as a new genus, Schindleria, and placed in a new family, Schindleriidae, by Giltay (1934) and demonstrated to belong to the Gobioidei by Johnson & Brothers (1993). However, in two molecular phylogenetic studies Schindleria was resolved within the family Gobiidae (Thacker 2009; Agorreta et al. 2013).
Eight nominal species of Schindleria have been described so far: S. brevipinguis Watson and Walker 2004, S. elongata Fricke and Abu El-Regal 2017, S. macrodentata Ahnelt and Sauberer 2018, S. multidentata Ahnelt 2020, S. nigropunctata Fricke and Abu El-Regal 2017, S. parva Abu El-Regal et al. 2021, S. pietschmanni (Schindler 1931), and S. praematura (Schindler 1930). Yet, this number of species underestimates their true diversity as over 25 unrecognized species of Schindleria were documented during two surveys on the Ryukyu, Ogasawara, and Palau Islands (Western Pacific), where nearly all of them are endemic to one of these islands (Kon et al., 2007, 2011). Based on short generation time and high levels of endemism Kon et al. (2007) suggested that large numbers of species throughout the entire range of the genus have remained undescribed.
Schindleria are extremely progenetic (Johnson and Brothers 1993) and are among the most short-lived vertebrates (Kon and Yoshino 2002, Zák et al. 2021). Adult Schindleria have a reduced larva-like, elongate, translucent, and scaleless body with a straight gut and a characteristic caudal complex (comprising two modified last vertebrae, an extremely elongate urostyle, and fused hypurals forming a triangular plate (Johnson & Brothers 1993) and a pair of elongated muscles on each side of the urostyle) (Ahnelt and Sauberer 2018). Many morphological characteristics important for species-level diagnoses in gobioid fishes, mainly involving features of the pelvic and first dorsal fins, are missing in Schindleria (Schindler 1932; Johnson and Brothers 1993). However, Schindleria species are morphologically more diverse than often assumed, having relatively few but distinct characters, which allow the identification of species (Watson and Walker 2004; Kon et al., 2010; Ahnelt and Sauberer 2018, Ahnelt 2020; Abu El-Regal et al. 2021; Robitzch et al. 2021b). For instance, the relative position of the dorsal and anal fins to each other, the number of their fin rays, the number of myomeres and vertebrae (Schindler 1930, 1931; Kon et al. 2007; Fricke and Abu El-Regal 2017a, b), the shape of the pectoral radial plate, the shape of the last procurrent caudal-fin rays, the shape of the lower jaw arch, and details of the dentition of the oral jaws (Ahnelt and Sauberer 2018; Ahnelt 2019, 2020) are helpful in diagnosing species.
In an attempt to group Schindleria specimens morphologically (Ahnelt 2019; Abu El-Regal et al. 2021), two characters seem most useful: (1) relative length of dorsal and anal fins (Ahnelt 2019, 2020) and (2) dentition (Watson and Walker 2004; Ahnelt 2020). The dentition of the jaws allows distinction of two main groups: species with jaw teeth and species that lack teeth in one or both jaws. In six out of the eight described species of Schindleria, teeth are present on both, the premaxilla and the dentary (Ahnelt 2020). Among the remaining two species of Schindleria, S. parva has a toothless dentary but a toothed premaxilla (Abu El-Regal et al. 2021) and S. brevipinguis lacks teeth in both jaws (Watson and Walker 2004). These two species share a very small size (<12 mm SL and <9 mm, respectively). In the present study we describe another tiny species of Schindleria with toothless jaws.

==========================

Tempestichthys bettyae • A New Genus and Species of Ocean Sleeper (Gobiiformes: Thalasseleotrididae) from the central Coral Sea


 Tempestichthys bettyae 
Goatley & Tornabene, 2022

DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2090633 
 twitter.com/buzzgoatley
 
Abstract
The Thalasseleotrididae is a small family of exclusively marine gobioids. They form a sister taxon to the Gobiidae and Oxudercidae and are distinguished from most species in these families by having six branchiostegal rays and a membrane linking the hyoid arch to the first ceratobranchial. Here we use micro-CT informed morphological data and molecular phylogenetics to describe a new genus and species of thalasseleotridid discovered on a tropical oceanic coral reef in the central Coral Sea. Tempestichthys bettyae gen. et sp. nov. is the first tropical thalasseleotridid and differs from other members of the Thalasseleotrididae by having a T-shaped palatine and a distinctive shape and colouration. The three previously described thalasseleotridid species are endemic to temperate coastal waters of southern Australia and New Zealand and are all translucent brown with dorsoventrally compressed heads. However, Tempestichthys bettyae is laterally compressed with a pointed snout and is translucent white with opaque white and crimson red markings and a largely crimson iris. We discuss the unique characters of this new genus, including its distribution, form, colouration and diminutive size, and highlight the potential of there being undescribed diversity in the Thalasseleotrididae.

Key words: Australia, coral reef, cryptic, cryptobenthic fishes, Gobiidae, Gobioidei, morphology, osteology, phylogeny, tropical



 Tempestichthys bettyae gen. et sp. nov.


Christopher H. R. Goatley and Luke Tornabene. 2022. Tempestichthys bettyae, A New Genus and Species of Ocean Sleeper (Gobiiformes, Thalasseleotrididae) from the central Coral Sea. Systematics and Biodiversity. 20(1); 1-15. DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2090633
  twitter.com/buzzgoatley/status/1551664984282656768

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5168.3.8
PUBLISHED: 2022-07-22
A new species of the genus Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermidae) from Son La Province, Vietnam

• NGHIA VAN HA+
• THOMAS ZIEGLER+
• TUONG DINH SY+
• MINH DUC LE+
• TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN+
• VINH QUANG LUU+

KARST FORESTMORPHOLOGYPHYLOGENYTAXONOMYVAN HO DISTRICTREPTILIA

• PDF(11M)

AbstractA new snake of the genus Achalinus Peters, 1869 is described based on an adult male specimen from Son La Province, Vietnam. Achalinus vanhoensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: 1) maxillary teeth 32; 2) suture between the internasals distinctly longer than that between the prefrontals; 3) loreal fused with prefrontal, prefrontals stretch towards the supralabials; 4) dorsal scales in 25–23–23 rows, keeled; 5) supralabials six (left) and seven (right); 6) infralabials six; 7) temporals 2+2, the two anterior temporals in broad contact with eye; 8) ventrals 176; 9) subcaudals 84, entire; 10) cloacal entire; 11) dorsum in preservative dark purple grey above; 12) venter somewhat lighter with yellow-edged scales in the chin region, including infralabials; 13) posterior edges of ventrals and subcaudals with yellow margin. In the molecular analysis, the new species is recovered as a sister taxon of Achalinus timi, a species endemic to Vietnam, and genetically the two species are around 5% divergent from each other based on a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene. This discovery brings the number of Achalinus species known from Vietnam to nine.

==========================

Re-description of the loach species Homatula variegata (Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) (Pisces: Nemacheilidae) from the middle Huang-He basin in Shaanxi Province of Central ChinaYi Liu,Liang Cao,E. Zhang
First published: 07 May 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15080Funding information: Chinese Research Academy of Enviromental Sciences, Grant/Award Number: Y991041101

Read the full text
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractDespite the wide recognition of Homatula variegata (Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) as a valid Chinese loach, its type locality, identity and distribution still remain contentious. A molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene for samples from all known range of the species showed that three distinct species are involved. Morphological comparisons, coupled with examination on the types, confirmed that H. variegata s. str. is characterized by having a sparsely scaled predorsal body, an adipose crest along the dorsal midline of the caudal peduncle that extends forward to the vertical through the posterior end of the anal-fin base and a broadly rounded caudal fin. It is found merely in the Wei-He of the Huang-He basin. The Jinsha-Jiang population, previously misidentified as H. variegata, represents a distinct species, for which Homatula oxygnathra is the available name. Homatula laxiclathra, endemic to the Wei-He, is also a valid species distinct from H. variegata.

Volume101, Issue1
July 2022
Pages 154-167

• =========================

• 
  
  

Astronotus mikoljii • A New Species of Astronotus (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Orinoco River and Gulf of Paria Basins, northern South America


Astronotus mikoljii 
Lozano, Lasso-Alcalá, Bittencourt, Taphorn, Perez & Farias, 2022

Mikolji’s Oscar | Oscar de Mikolji  ||  DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1113.81240

Abstract
Based on morphological and molecular analysis of Astronotus species, a new species is described from the Orinoco River and Gulf of Paria basins in Venezuela and Colombia. Morphologically, it differs from Astronotus crassipinnis and Astronotus ocellatus in pre-orbital depth, caudal peduncle depth, head width, and caudal peduncle length, with significant differences in average percentage values. Osteologically, it differs from the two described species by lacking a hypurapophysis on the parahypural bone (hypural complex) and having two or three supraneural bones. Another characteristic that helps diagnose the new species is the morphology of the sagitta otolith, which is oval with crenulated dorsal and ventral margins and a rounded posterior edge. Genetically, the new species is distinct from all the other lineages previously proposed for the genus, delimited by five single locus species delimitation methods, and also has unique diagnostic nucleotides. Phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of the new species as well as all other species/lineages. Astronotus species have considerable genetic, anatomical, and sagitta otolith shape differences, but have few significant traditional morphometric and meristic differences, because there is high variability in counts of spines, soft dorsal-fin rays, and lateral-line scales. It is clear that this new species is genetically and anatomically differentiated from all other species within the genus, and deserves recognition as a new valid species.

Keywords: DNA, fish, freshwater, morphometrics, osteology, sagitta otoliths, taxonomy


Astronotus mikoljii sp. nov., preserved holotype MCNG 56677 (240.12 mm SL),
Venezuela., Estado Apure, Municipio Pedro Camejo in a small stream tributary of Arauca River.
Photograph: Ivan Mikolji.




Astronotus mikoljii sp. nov., 
A live coloration of specimens collected with holotype
B Natural shallow pond and type locality in floodplain of Arauca River Venezuela.
Photographs: Ivan Mikolji.

 Astronotus mikoljii sp. nov.

Diagnosis: The new species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: two or three supraneural bones (Fig. 4) (vs. two); absence of the spinous process (hypurapophysis) on the anterosuperior border of the parahypural bone (hypural complex) in Astronotus mikoljii sp. nov. (vs. present in A. ocellatus and A. crassipinnis) (Fig. 5). The sagitta otolith in A. mikoljii sp. nov. is oval, with strongly crenulated ventral and dorsal margins (vs. elliptical and smooth-lobed margins in A. crassipinnis, and elliptical and smooth-dentate margins A. ocellatus); the rostrum is projected with an elongated process, in A. mikoljii sp. nov. (vs. rostrum process short in A. crassipinnis and A. ocellatus); the posterior region of the sagitta otolith is rounded in A. mikoljii sp. nov. (vs. straight or flat in A. crassipinnis and A. ocellatus) (Fig. 6). The aspect ratio of sagitta otoliths in A. mikoljii sp. nov. (AR = 0.665) is higher than that of A. ocellatus (AR = 0.606), and A. crassipinnis (AR = 0.585), and the differences are statistically significant at P < 0.05. The roundness index was highest in A. mikoljii sp. nov. (Rd = 0.597) vs. A. ocellatus (Rd = 0.545) and A. crassipinnis (Rd = 0.543) (P < 0.05). Also the morphometric index showed higher values in A. mikoljii sp. nov. compared to A. ocellatus (0.837 vs. 0.767) and A. crassipinnis (0.735) (Suppl. material 1: Table S2). The new species also is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of morphometric characters: the mean head length of A. mikoljii sp. nov. (36.72% SL) is longer than that of A. crassipinnis (35.01% SL), and also A. ocellatus (33.26% SL); the mean diameter of the orbit of A. mikoljii sp. nov. (9.06% SL) is greater than that of A. ocellatus (7.36%SL) and that of A. crassipinnis (7.73% SL); the mean pre-orbital depth of A. mikoljii sp. nov. (14.22% SL) is greater than that of A. crassipinnis (10.14% SL) but less than that of A. ocellatus (15.91% SL); the mean snout length of A. mikoljii sp. nov. (11.53% SL) is longer than that of A. crassipinnis (5.36% SL), and A. ocellatus (10.67% SL) (Tables 1, 2).



Etymology: The specific name is given to honor Mr. Ivan Mikolji, Venezuelan explorer, artist, author, underwater photographer, and audiovisual producer, in recognition for being a tireless and enthusiastic diffuser of the biodiversity and natural history of freshwater fishes, conservation of aquatic ecosystems of Venezuela and Colombia, and for logistic support for this work. Since 2020, Ivan Mikolji has been recognized as Associate Researcher of the Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, from the Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, in Caracas, Venezuela.

Common names: In Spanish and indigenous local languages, names which are known for Astronotus mikoljii sp. nov. in Venezuela are pavona, vieja, cupaneca, Oscar, mijsho (Kariña), boisikuajaba (Warao), hácho (Pumé = Yaruro), phadeewa, jadaewa (Ye’Kuana = Makiritare), perewa, parawa (Eñepá = Panare), yawirra (Kúrrim = Kurripako), kohukohurimï, kohokohorimï, owënawë kohoromï” (Yanomami = Yanomamï) (Barandiarán 1962; Mago 1967, 1970c; Novoa et al. 1982; Obregón et al. 1984; Román 1985; Novoa 1986; Román 1988; Bedoya 1992; Mattei-Müller et al. 1994; Lasso and Machado-Allison 2000; Mosonyi 2002; Machado-Allison 2003; Vispo and Knab-Vispo 2003; Mattei-Müller and Serowe 2007; Brito et al. 2011) and pavo real, carabazú, Oscar, mojarra, mojarra negra, eba (Puinave), Itapukunda (Kurripako), uan (Tucano) in Colombia (Sánchez 2008). 
The suggested common name for this species in the aquarium hobby is “Mikolji’s Oscar” in English, “Oscar de Mikolji ‘’ in Spanish.




Alfredo Perez Lozano, Oscar M. Lasso-Alcalá, Pedro S. Bittencourt, Donald C. Taphorn, Nayibe Perez and Izeni Pires Farias. 2022. A New Species of Astronotus (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from the Orinoco River and Gulf of Paria Basins, northern South America. ZooKeys. 1113: 111-152. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1113.81240

​==========================

 PDF( 5186 KB)Liobagrus chengduensis, a new species of torrent catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Amblycipitidae) from the upper Changjiang River basin in southwest China
doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.114

• Zhong-Guang Chen1 , 
• Yan-Shu Guo2 , 
• Jia-Yun Wu1 , 
• An-Xiang Wen1 ,  , 

==========================

 PDF( 2217 KB)

A new seamoth species of Pegasus (Syngnathiformes: Pegasidae) from the East China Sea


doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.109

==========================

A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species
Roberto E. Reis1 and Pablo Lehmann A.2

​www.ni.bio.br/content/v20n2/1982-0224-2022-0002/1982-0224-ni-20-02-e220002.pdf

​For the complete paper

==========================

A new endemic species of pelvic-brooding ricefish (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae: Oryzias) from Lake Kalimpa’a, Sulawesi, Indonesia​




zoologicalbulletin.de/BzB_Volumes/Volume_71_1/077_mokodongan_20220630.pdf

==========================

Ariosoma albimaculata • A New Congrid Eel (Anguilliformes: Congridae) from the southwest Coast of India, Arabian Sea


Ariosoma albimaculata 
Kodeeswaran, Dhas, Kumar & Lal, 2022

DOI: 10.1007/s10228-022-00882-1

Abstract
Ariosoma albimaculata sp. nov. is described herein based on ten specimens [240–487 mm total length (TL)] collected from the deep-sea trawl landings at Colachel fishing harbour, off Kanyakumari, Arabian Sea, west coast of India. The new species is easily distinguished from all other congeners reported earlier, except its sympatric species, Ariosoma maurostigma Kodeeswaran, Mohapatra, Dhinakaran, Kumar and Lal 2022, having dark mark or streak present in the posterior-dorsal margin of eye orbit, but it readily differs from A. maurostigma with the presence of more total vertebrae (161–164 vs. 136–142 in A. maurostigma); more preanal vertebrae (66–68 vs. 47–51); occurrence of white spot or dot on just before the dorsal-fin origin (vs. absent in A. maurostigma); larger preanal length (49.7–55.7% TL vs. 44.0–48.8% TL); larger trunk length (30.4–33.3% TL vs. 23.5–30.2% TL); shorter tail length (44.6–48.2% TL vs. 47.8–54.6% TL). Further, A. albimaculata differs from its sister taxon A. maurostigma with a divergence of 8.1% and other congeners with the genetic distance of 15.0–28.8% in partial mitochondrial COI gene.

Keywords: Bathymyrinae, Arabian Sea, Systematics, New eel


Ariosoma albimaculata sp. nov., NBFGR/CONAALB, holotype, 487 mm TL,
mature female, fresh colouration

Ariosoma albimaculata sp. nov.
(New English name: White spotted stout conger)

Distribution. Indian Ocean: Off Kanyakumari, Arabian Sea.

Etymology. The species epithet “albimaculata” is derived from two Latin words albus = white and maculatus = spotted, denotes a white spot present on the dorsal-fin origin.


Paramasivam Kodeeswaran, Deepa Dhas, Thipramalai Thangappan Pillai Ajith Kumar and Kuldeep Kumar Lal. 2022. Description of A New Congrid Eel, Ariosoma albimaculata sp. nov. (Anguilliformes: Congridae), from the southwest coast of India, Arabian Sea. Ichthyological Research. DOI: 10.1007/s10228-022-00882-1 [06 July 2022]

==========================

 Dussumieria modakandai • Integrative Taxonomy–based Discovery of A New Species (Clupeiformes: Dussumieriidae) from India


 Dussumieria modakandai 
Singh, Jayakumar, Kumar, Murali, Mishra, Singh & Lal, 2022

DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14943
 
Abstract
This study is based on integrative taxonomy and reports a new fish species Dussumieria modakandai sp. nov. from India. The new species differs from three valid species within the genus by a combination of characters such as longer maxilla (9.1%–9.9% standard length vs. 8.7% in Dussumieria elopsoides, 6.3%–8.5% in Dussumieria acuta) and one or two rows of small conical teeth on palatine (vs. several rows in D. elopsoides and Dussumieria albulina). It also differs by the absence of longitudinal striae on the posterior side of body scales (vs. presence in D. acuta and D. albulina) and the absence of parasphenoid teeth (vs. presence in D. acuta). The maxilla length of D. modakandai sp. nov. is greater than snout length, which distinguishes it from other congeners. The multivariate analysis of morphometric characters using PCA differentiated the new species from D. elopsoides and D. acuta samples collected in this study. The molecular analysis, based on cytochrome c oxidase I, distinguished the new species from D. acuta, D. albulina and D. elopsoides with a high genetic distance of 13.73%, 12.22% and 12.74%, respectively. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree and automatic barcode gap discovery analysis showed the existence of six putative species in Dussumieria. Even the exhaustive sub-clade formation within species and high intra-species genetic distance in D. acuta (1.59) and D. modakandai (1.95) indicate the possibility of a few more cryptic species. This warrants comprehensive sample collection across the distribution range and integrative taxonomic study of the genus Dussumieria.

Keywords: barcode gap, cryptic species, genetic distance, morphometric character, PCA
 

 Dussumieria modakandai sp. nov., NBFGR, holotype,
144.99 mm standard length (SL),
India, Tamil Nadu

 Dussumieria modakandai sp. nov.
English name: Soft Rainbow Sardine

Etymology: The specific name of the new species D. modakandai sp. nov. is derived from two vernacular words in Tamil language, “moda” means “soft” and “kandai” means fish, jointly called soft fish. This is being used as an adjective here.
 

Mahender Singh, Thazhathe K. Teena Jayakumar, Thipramalai Thangappan A. Kumar, Sanjeev Murali, Akhilesh Mishra, Achal Singh and Kuldeep K. Lal. 2022. Integrative Taxonomy–based Discovery of Dussumieria modakandai sp. nov. from India. Journal of Fish Biology. 100(1); 268-278. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14943.

==========================

​www.scielo.br/j/ni/a/dGx5NWWPDmgjRwX3QFyb64m/?lang=en

A new genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Greater Amazon, with a review of the species and description of five new species ==========================

Cobitis indus, a new spined loach from the Dalaman River in the Eastern Aegean Sea basin (Teleostei: Cobitidae)

• SOHEIL EAGDERI+
• BURAK SECER+
• JÖRG FREYHOF+

PISCESFRESHWATER FISHTAXONOMYCYTOCHROME OXIDASE IMIDDLE EAST

• PDF(2M)

AbstractCobitis indus, new species, from the Dalaman River drainage, is distinguished from other Cobitis species in the eastern Aegean Sea basin by having two laminae circularis, a bifurcate suborbital spine, a narrow caudal peduncle, pigmentation zone 4 with 17–24 small blotches often fused into a stripe, pigmentation below Z4 usually absent, and one black, comma-shaped spot at the upper caudal-fin base. It is further distinguished from its closest relative, C. dorademiri, by having 13 diagnostic nucleotide substitutions in the mtDNA COI barcode region and a K2P nearest–neighbour distance of 2.3–2.7%. This is the fourth Cobitis species found in the Dalaman River drainage making this river the most species-rich in spined loaches in the Middle East.
 ==========================

A new species of deep-sea grunt, Rhonciscus pauco (Lutjaniformes: Haemulidae), from Puerto Rico  Research article
Aquaculture, Fisheries and Fish Science
Biodiversity
Marine Biology
Taxonomy
Zoology
Jose Tavera​1, Michelle T. Schärer-Umpierre2, Arturo Acero P.3 
 Tweet Authors
Published June 2, 2022Author and article informationAbstract
 A fourth species of the genus Rhonciscus (Lutjaniformes: Haemulidae) is described from various specimens collected by small-scale fishers from the insular upper slope of western Puerto Rico. The new species was molecularly recovered as sister to the Eastern Pacific R. branickii, to which it bears many morphological similarities. It is distinguished from other Rhonciscus species by the number of scale rows between the dorsal fin and the lateral line (7), larger and thus fewer scales along the lateral line (48–50), large eyes (9.4–10.4 times in SL), longer caudal peduncle (15.2–20% of SL), larger sized penultimate (14.7–19.1% in SL) and last (7.4–9.5% in SL) dorsal fin spines which translates to a less deeply notched dorsal fin, and its opalescent silver with golden specks live coloration. This grunt, only now recognized by ichthyologists, but well known by local fishers that target snappers and groupers between 200 and 500 m in depth, occurs in far deeper waters than any western Atlantic grunt.
Cite this as
Tavera J, Schärer-Umpierre MT, Acero P. A. 2022. A new species of deep-sea grunt, Rhonciscus pauco (Lutjaniformes: Haemulidae), from Puerto Rico. PeerJ 10:e13502 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13502

 IntroductionThe family Haemulidae (together with the snappers, Lutjanidae) is one of the two clades grouped in the order Lutjaniformes Bleeker (Betancur et al., 2017), a tropical lineage that includes commercially important shore fishes. The number of recognized grunt species in two recent checklists varies between 134 and 136, grouped into two subfamilies (Nelson, Grande & Wilson, 2016; Fricke, Eschmeyer & Fong, 2021). Approximately 62 species of the subfamily Haemulinae inhabit New World waters, with the subfamily Plectorhinchinae restricted to African shores and to the Indian and western Pacific Oceans. The most recent revision by Tavera, Acero & Wainwright (2018) recognized 15 New World haemulid genera.
The genus Pomadasys Lacepède, 1802 (type species Sciaena argentea Forsskål, 1775) included several loosely related species from tropical and temperate seas. Species in this polyphyletic assemblage exhibit color and morphological convergence which has resulted in several of them being uncritically assigned to Pomadasys (Tavera et al., 2012). This genus was split into at least five lineages widely spread throughout the family phylogeny, one of which became the genus Rhonciscus (Tavera, Acero & Wainwright, 2018). Further revision is needed to clarify the systematics and taxonomy of the Pomadasys (sensu lato) polyphyletic assemblage.
As for the New World species, Jordan & Evermann (1896) described two genera, Rhencus (type species Pristipoma panamense Steindachner, 1876) and Rhonciscus (type species Pristipoma crocro Cuvier, 1830). These two genera were considered junior synonyms of Pomadasys until Tavera, Acero & Wainwright (2018) resurrected them. The genus Rhonciscus comprises rather elongate species found in marine and brackish waters, but also in rivers and freshwater streams. It presently includes three species, R. crocro, distributed from southern Florida (USA) to at least Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), in the western Atlantic (WA), and two Eastern Pacific (EP) species: R. branickii (Steindachner, 1879) from southern Baja California (Mexico) to Paita (Perú), and R. bayanus (Jordan & Evermann, 1898) from Mazatlán (Mexico) to Rio Tumbes, Perú. Both R. crocro and R. bayanus can be found in freshwater rivers or streams flowing into the ocean. A fourth, unrecognized Rhonciscus species is described based on 14 specimens captured by fishers off the west coast of Puerto Rico, WA.

==========================

Phylogenetics of Archerfishes (Toxotidae) and Evolution of the Toxotid Shooting Apparatus 
M G Girard, M P Davis, Tan H.H., D J Wedd, P Chakrabarty, W B Ludt, A P Summers, W L Smith
Integrative Organismal Biology, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2022, obac013, https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obac013

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5162.2.2
PUBLISHED: 2022-07-06
A new species of six-gilled hagfish (Myxinidae: Eptatretus) from the Lakshadweep Sea

• TREASA AUGUSTINA A.X.+
• MIRIAM PAUL SREERAM+
• SANDHYA SUKUMARAN+
• SREEKUMAR K.M.+
• ANJALY JOSE+
• JOSHI K.K.+
• GOPALAKRISHNAN A.+

PISCESWADGE BANKWESTERN INDIAN OCEANEPTATRETUS WADGENSIS SP. NOV.MYXINIFORMESTAXONOMYMITOCHONDRIAL DNA

• PDF(4M)

AbstractA new species of hagfish, Eptatretus wadgensis sp. nov., is described from the Wadge Bank, Lakshadweep Sea, India, obtained from a depth of ~250–300 m through deep-sea trawling. It is diagnosed by having six pairs of gill pouches and gill apertures, 3/3 multicusp teeth, total slime pores 67–69, six branchial slime pores, and ventral aorta bifurcating at the 4th or between 4th and 5th gill pouch. The new species has significant morphological differences in total dental cusps, total slime pores, body proportions and the absence of the nasal-sinus papilla when compared to congeners and formed a distinct clade in phylogenetic reconstruction and a genetic distance of 3.41–4.00% when comparing K2P parameters with the nearest species. A key to the Eptatretus species of the Indian Ocean is provided.

==========================

Description of a new species of miniature catfish of the genus Ammoglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from rio Tapajós basin, BrazilAndré L. Colares CantoAlexandre P. HercosFrank Raynner V. RibeiroABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  Resumo
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractA new species of Ammoglanis is described from the rio Aruri Grande, rio Jamanxim drainage, a right bank tributary to the middle rio Tapajós, Pará State, Brazil. The new species is identified and defined through morphological characters such as color pattern, consisting of eight or nine transverse dark bars regularly spaced along the dorsum; skeletal morphology; numbers of premaxillary teeth, vertebrae, and dorsal- and pectoral-fin rays; presence of cranial fontanel and two small, finger-like papillae on chin anterior to the gular apex. The new species probably is an additional example of endemism in the rio Tapajós basin.
Keywords:
Biodiversity; Freshwater fishes; Sarcoglanidinae; Taxonomy
INTRODUCTIONAmmoglanisCosta, 1994 is a genus of trichomycterid catfish (Sarcoglanidinae) described by Costa, (1994) to allocate A. diaphanusCosta, 1994 from the rio Araguaia basin. Subsequently, five species have been described in the genus: Ammoglanis pulex de Pinna & Winemiller, 2000 and A. natgeorum Henschel, Lujan & Baskin, 2020 from the río Orinoco basin, A. multidentatus Costa, Mattos & Santos, 2019 from coastal rivers of Bahia State in northeastern Brazil, and two other species from the rio Amazonas basin: Ammoglanis obliquus Henschel, Bragança, Rangel-Pereira & Costa, 2020 from the rio Preto da Eva drainage and A. amapaensis Mattos, Costa & Gama, 2008 from the Amapari, Araguari, and Jari river basins (Ferraris Jr., 2007; Mattos et al., 2008; Henschel et al., 2020a).
Ammoglanis species are miniature fishes that inhabit river and stream ecosystems dominated by sandy substrates (Costa, 1994; de Pinna, Winemiller, 2000; Henschel et al., 2020a). The genus was thus originally characterized by 1) a slender quadrate, greatest depth 30% of the length of its main axis; 2) an expanded anterior tip of interopercle, about 50% of the total length of the bone’s upper margin; 3) premaxilla posterior to mesethmoid cornu; 4) ventral mouth; 5) a short lateral process on the premaxilla, about 50% of the length of the premaxilla without process; and 6) absence of separate ossification of the anterior cartilage of palatine (Costa, 1994). However, among these characteristics, only the quadrate morphology is present in all species of the genus (Costa et al., 2019; Henschel et al., 2020a,b).
The objective of this paper is to describe a new species of Ammoglanis collected during recent ichthyofaunal surveys throughout the rio Jamanxim drainage, a right bank tributary to the middle rio Tapajós, Pará State, Brazil.

==========================

Geophagus pyrineusi: a new species from the rio Teles Pires, rio Tapajós basin, Brazil (Cichliformes: Cichlidae: Geophagini)

• GABRIEL DE CARVALHO DEPRÁ+
• WILLIAN MASSAHARU OHARA+
• HUGMAR PAINS SILVA+

PISCESALLOCHROMYCOLORATIONHOMOLOGYMELANOPHOREMORPHOLOGYONTOGENYPIGMENTATION

• PDF(7M)

AbstractGeophagus pyrineusi, new species, is described from the rio Teles Pires drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Brazil. The new species can be diagnosed from the majority of the congeners by presenting a complete infraorbital bar. Additionally, it differs from all other congeners by several coloration-related character states: flank bars 5 and 6–7 as dark as the infraorbital bar, and almost as dark as the midlateral spot; retention of dorsal melanophoric patch 6 as a distinct mark (not connected to any lateral melanophoric patch), and almost as dark as the midlateral spot in adults; retention of lateral melanophoric patch 1p and almost complete absence of dorsal- and caudal-fin color patterns in adults, among other characters.

==========================

A New Species of Chaetostoma (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) Expands the Distribution of Rubbernose Plecos Eastward into the Lower Amazon Basin of Brazil

Vanessa Meza-Vargas1,2, Ba´rbara B. Calegari1,3, Nathan K. Lujan4 , Gustavo A. Ballen5,6, Osvaldo T. Oyakawa5 , Leandro M. Sousa7 , Lucia Rapp Py-Daniel ´ 8 , and Roberto E. Reis1 A new species of the rubbernose pleco genus Chaetostoma is described from the Maicuru and Seiko Rivers, a northern tributary of the lower Amazon River and a tributary of the lower Xingu River, respectively, both in Para´ State, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed from all congeners, except members of the Chaetostoma anale species group, by having an enlarged second unbranched anal-fin ray with posterior paired dermal flaps. Additionally, the new species is distinguished from its only other currently recognized congeners from rivers draining the Guiana Shield (C. jegui and C. vasquezi) by having a smaller opercle and a supraoccipital excrescence undeveloped, comprising a simple skin area present in juveniles and absent in adults. A revised multi-locus phylogeny for the species of Chaetostoma is presented, and the Chaetostoma anale species group is discussed and rearranged. 

Full paper at:-  static1.squarespace.com/static/570d1ea37da24f381ca53c95/t/62acc329543d0f5dfee57c08/1655489334407/14-IH-110-02-14_364..377.pdf

​==========================

□□□□□□□ℎ□ℎ□□ □□□□□□□□□ and □□□□□□□ □□□□□□□

Two new species of blackwater catfishes (Siluriformes: Siluridae and Clariidae) from the Natuna Archipelago, Indonesia

lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/.../10/2022/07/RBZ-2022-0020.pdfFull pdf of paper 
========================== 

Combined phylogeny and new classification of catsharks (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) photo -- ​𝑆𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑟ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟 - Chain catshark

Get access 
Karla D A Soares, Kleber Mathubara
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 195, Issue 3, July 2022, Pages 761–814, https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab108
Published:
 
03 March 2022
 Article history

•  Cite
• Permissions Icon Permissions
•  
  Share
   

AbstractThis is the first study to combine morphological and molecular characters to infer the phylogenetic relationships among catsharks. All currently valid genera classified in the family Scyliorhinidae s.l. and representatives of other carcharhinoid families plus one lamnoid and two orectoloboids were included as terminal taxa. A total of 143 morphological characters and 44 NADH2 sequences were analysed. Parsimony analyses under different weighting schemes and strengths were used to generate hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships. The phylogenetic analysis of 78 terminal taxa, using the combined dataset and weighting each column separately (SEP; k = 3) resulted in one most-parsimonious cladogram of 4441 steps with the greatest internal resolution of clades and strongest support. The main changes in nomenclature and classification are the revised definition and scope of Scyliorhinidae, Apristurus and Pentanchus and the revalidation of Atelomycteridae. The monophyly of Pentanchidae is supported, as is that of most catshark genera. Two new subfamilies of the family Pentanchidae are defined: Halaelurinae subfam. nov. and Galeinae subfam. nov. Our analysis emphasizes the relevance of morphological characters in the inference of evolutionary history of carcharhinoids and sheds light on the taxonomic status of some genera in need of further exploration.

Atelomycteridae, Pentanchidae, Scyliorhinidae, total evidence
Issue Section:
 Original Articles
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Linnean Society of London. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com
This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)
You do not currently have access to this article.

==========================

Liobagrus brevispina, a new species of torrent catfish (Siluriformes: Amblycipitidae) from the upper Chang-Jiang basin, South ChinaRui-Xia Xie,Liang Cao,E Zhang
First published: 27 June 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15109urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BAA963CF-EDE0-48C5-BB37-1FF6B9B43537
Funding information: the national natural sciences foundation of china, Grant/Award Number: NSFC No. 31572234; China West Normal University

Read the full text
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractA new species of Liobagrus is unearthed in the Nan-Jiang flowing into the Jialing-Jiang of the upper Chang-Jiang basin in which currently recognized Chinese congeners have a concentrated distribution. This small-sized (less than 100.0 mm LS) torrent fish belongs to the species group defined by the presence of a smooth posterior edge of the pectoral-fin spine and upper and lower jaws of equal length or a lower jaw slightly longer than the upper jaw in length. It is distinct from Liobagrus aequilabris and Liobagrus formosanus by the presence of a pectoral-fin spine extending short of (vs. beyond) the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin, maxillary barbels reaching the middle of the pectoral fin (vs. pectoral-fin insertion or slightly beyond), 17–19 anal-fin rays (vs. 15–16 in L. formosanus), 39–41 (vs. 35–37 in L. aequilabris) post-Weberian vertebrae and the pectoral-fin spine length 3.6%–7.4% of LS (vs. 7.6–10.5 in L. aequilabris). It differs from Liobagrus marginatoides by the presence of upper and lower jaws of equal length (vs. a lower jaw slightly longer than the upper jaw in length) and a rounded or unevenly rounded (vs. subtruncate) caudal fin. The validity of the new species is confirmed by its monophyly recovered in a cytochrome b gene-based phylogenetic analysis and its significant genetic distance with sampled congeneric species.

==========================

​www.isisn.org/BR-19-2-2022/974-990-19(2)2022BR22-103.pdf​

Osteochilichthys elegans, a new cyprinid fish from Kerala, India

Mathews Plamoottil1 * 1Government College, Kottayam, Kerala- 686001, Indi

==========================

𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑦𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑖. A new #snailfish of the genus #𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑠 (#Cottoidei: #Liparidae) from the Pacific coast of southern Japan.
  AbstractA new snailfish, Careproctus tomiyamai, is described on the basis of four specimens collected from Suruga Bay, Tosa Bay, and the Hyuga-nada Sea, southern Japan (600–808 m depth). It is distinguished from all currently recognized congeners by the following combination of characters: total vertebrae 56–58; dorsal-fin rays 51 or 52; anal-fin rays 44–46; pectoral-fin rays 30–32; pyloric caeca 9–13; body slender, maximum depth 15.6–22.8% standard length (SL); teeth on both jaws strongly trilobed; pectoral fin shallowly notched, longest lower lobe ray 9.8–14.3% SL [46.0–60.4% head length (HL)]; proximal pectoral radials 4 (3 + 1), upper portion of 1st and 3rd radials, and lower portion of 2nd radial notched; fenestrae in pectoral girdle 2, between scapula and 1st proximal radial, and 2nd and 3rd proximal radials; pelvic disk oval, wider than long, length 3.4–4.3% SL (14.2–19.3% HL), moderately to deeply cupped; peritoneum black in preserved specimens.

full paper  at:- rdcu.be/cQgji

==========================

​Osteochilichthys elegans, a new cyprinid fish from Kerala, India Mathews Plamoottil1 * 1Government College, Kottayam, Kerala- 686001, India


*Correspondence: mathewsplamoottil@gmail.com; Received 01-02-2022, Revised: 20-03-2022, Accepted: 30-03-2022 e-Published: 11-04-2022 Osteochilichthys elegans, a new teleost fish, is described from Bhavani River at Palakkad district in Kerala, India. It is related to Osteochilichthys nashii, O. longidorsalis, O. brevidorsalis and O. thomassi. All these species have a deep and compressed body; 39- 43 lateral line scales and 10-11 branched rays in dorsal fin. The new species can be diagnosed from its congeners by the following combination of characters: body with upper lateral dusky green, lower lateral light yellow, ventral, anal fin and the distal border of dorsal fin reddish, 13-14 pre dorsal scales, 43- 44 lateral line scales, no mid lateral color band and lacking any color band on dorsal and anal fin. The new species is a very rare cyprinid fish residing in the mountain streams of Palakkad district in Kerala. It can also be used as an ornamental fish. The new fish is taxonomically analyzed and compared with its congeners. This study revealed that Gobio augraoides Jerdon (1849) and Osteochilichthys nashii Day (1868) are the one and the same species. As the name augraoides was designated earlier than nashii, the former name gets priority; therefore, Osteochilichthys nashii is now rechristened as Osteochilichthys augraoides. Keywords: Palakkad hill ranges, Taxonomy, Description, New Species, Osteochilus INTRODUCTION Heckel (1843) described the cyprinid genus Scaphiodon as a heterogeneous assemblage of diverse fish forms. Some of these fish have been occurring at the Sind hills and Panjab; others in the Western Ghats. The north Indian and south Indian species can easily be distinguished, with the former having 2 pairs of barbels, 9- 16 branched dorsal fin rays and the last unbranched ray osseous and posteriorly serrated, 7 branched rays on the anal fin and the possession of a furrow between occiput and origin of the dorsal fin (Berg, 1933); south Indian forms are characterised by having 11 (rarely 10) branched rays on the dorsal fin, 5 (rarely 6) branched rays on the anal fin, last unbranched ray on the dorsal fin is smooth and devoid of barbels. The north Indian species Scaphiodon watsoni has been renamed as Cyprinion watsoni and Scaphiodon irregularis is now treated as a synonym of C. watsoni. South Indian species of Scaphiodon were studied well by Hora (1942). After the detailed examination of specimens described from the Western Ghats, he created the taxon Osteochilichthys as a subgenus of the genus Osteochilus Gunther (1868) and inserted Scaphiodon nashii and S. thomassi in Osteochilichthys as they are characterised by weak, non - osseous last simple dorsal fin rays. The other Western Ghats species namely S. brevidorsalis was inserted in another genus Kantaka; the latter is characterised by bearing a strong osseous dorsal spine. Currently, all the above four species are inserted in the genus Osteochilichthys. Osteochilus malabaricus Day (1873) is not considered as a distinct species; it is now treated as a synonym of O. nashii. During 2019- 2020 this author visited and explored many difficult- to- reach areas of Palakkad district in Kerala for fish collection and taxonomic analysis. This led to the procurement of many rare teleost fish, especially several little-known cyprinids. Six specimens of Osteochilichthys were obtained from a freshwater stream during the survey. Careful analysis revealed that they differ from their congeners in many distinct ways. So they are described here as a new species, Osteochilichthys elegans. Mathews Plamoottil Osteochilichthys elegans, a new cyprinid fish Bioscience Research, 2022 volume 19(2): 974-990 975 Fig. 1. Osteochilichthys elegans, V/F/NERC/ZSI/5420, Holotype, 133.2 mm SL, Mannarkkad, 10.98°N 76.47°E Fig. 2 A fresh specimen of Osteochilichthys elegans, ZSI/ANRC/M/27755, Paratype, 126.6 mm SL, Mannarkkad, 10.98°N 76.47°E Fig. 3. A preserved specimen of Osteochilichthys elegans, ZSI/ANRC/M/27755, Paratype, 117.1 mm

full pdf      www.isisn.org/BR-19-2-2022/974-990-19(2)2022BR22-103.pdf


==========================

A review of the gobiid fish genus Aulopareia (Gobiidae: Gobiinae) with description of a new species Aulopareia vadosa from Kuwait and discussion of the status of Gobius cyanomos Bleeker

• HELEN K. LARSON+
• ZEEHAN JAAFAR+

PISCESGOBIID FISHESACENTROGOBIUSYONGEICHTHYSINDO-PACIFIC

• PDF(7M)

AbstractThe tropical Indo-west Pacific gobiid fish genus Aulopareia Bleeker is reviewed, with all recognised species redescribed herein, apart from one uncertain species. Additionally, a new species from Kuwait is described (A. vadosa n. sp.). Of the 10 nominal species names usually assigned to this genus, only three appear to be valid Aulopareia (A. koumansi, A. ocellata and A. unicolor). From descriptions and illustrations, Acentrogobius microps Chu and Wu appears to be an Aulopareia but no material was available for study. The species that has been variously named as Acentrogobius cyanomos, Aulopareia cyanomos or Aulopareia spilopterus is redescribed. The status of two other species that may be related is also discussed: Gobius cyanoclavis Cantor and Gobius phaiomelas Bleeker. Aulopareia has been noted as being related to Parachaeturichthys.

mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5155.4.2  link   

==========================

A new Congrid eel, Rhynchoconger smithi sp. nov. (Anguilliformes: Congridae), from the Bay of Bengal, India

Anil Mohapatra,Hsuan-Ching Ho,Smrutirekha Acharya,Dipanjan Ray,Subhrendu Sekhar Mishra
First published: 04 March 2022
 
https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15031
Read the full text
PDF
TOOLS
 
SHAREAbstractA new Conger eel species is described based on four specimens collected from Petuaghat fishing harbour, West Bengal, India. The combination of morphological characters and molecular data are discordant with the seven congeners currently recognized. Rhynchoconger smithi sp. nov. can be distinguished by having head smaller than trunk; pre-anal length more than three times in total length; a small eye, diameter 2.0–2.2 in snout length; rictus ending at a vertical through posterior margin of pupil; ethmovomerine teeth patch small, with 58–74 blunt teeth arranged in seven to eight irregular rows; vomerine teeth patch small, with 18–28 granular teeth arranged in four to six irregular rows, distinctly separated by narrow spaces from the ethmovomerine and maxillary teeth; three supraorbital pores and one supra-temporal pore; and 159+ to 164 total vertebrae. Moreover, R. smithi differs significantly from four congeners, R. nitens, R. flavus, R. ectenurus and R. gracilior, with Kimura two-parameter (K2P) distances 14.6%–20.3%.

==========================

Cyphocharax caboclo • Phylogenetic Evidence for the Cyphocharax saladensis Clade (Characiformes: Curimatidae) with Description of A New Species of Cyphocharax Endemic to the Upper Rio Paraguai Basin


Cyphocharax caboclo
Melo, Tencatt & Oliveira, 2022

DOI: 10.1643/i2021057
 twitter.com/IchsAndHerps
Photographs by L. F. C. Tencatt.

Abstract
New genetic and morphological data support the recognition of a distinct monophyletic group, the Cyphocharax saladensis clade, which includes C. vanderi, C. saladensis, C. boiadeiro, and a new species. This four-species group can be recognized by modifications in the laterosensory system with instances of incomplete or interrupted poring, by the ontogenetic development of the lateral line with larger specimens having a more developed laterosensory system, and by the presence of a patch of dark pigmentation over the caudal peduncle. The new species is described from the upper Rio Correntes, an upland tributary of the upper Rio Paraguai in central Brazil and is diagnosed by the presence of a thin longitudinal black stripe, by the variable shapes of the dark blotches on the caudal peduncle, and by morphometric and meristic data. New mitochondrial data from paratypes provide clear evidence of genetic distinction between the new species and congeners, and additionally place it as the sister species to C. boiadeiro from the upper Rio Araguaia. Based on the updated molecular phylogeny and biogeographic information, we propose an evolutionary hypothesis with four events of river captures with subsequent allopatric speciation of the new species and C. boiadeiro in the Correntes and Araguaia systems. The new species is suggested to be categorized as Near Threatened, living in a strongly impacted region of the Brazilian Cerrado.


Cyphocharax caboclo, MNRJ 52506, holotype, 59.1 mm SL,
Brazil, Mato Grosso, Itiquira, Rio Correntes, upper Rio Paraguai basin.

Topotypes of Cyphocharax caboclo photographed alive, showing color pattern variation in lateral view (A–E). Smaller black dots randomly scattered on the body apparently caused by unknown parasites. Uncatalogued specimens ~40–50 mm SL.
Photographs by L. F. C. Tencatt.

Cyphocharax caboclo Melo, Tencatt, and Oliveira, new species

Etymology.--The specific epithet ‘‘caboclo’’ apparently derives from the Tupi, one of the most iconic Brazilian indigenous languages, caaboc (or caa´-boc), which means ‘‘the one removed from the woods.’’ The term is widely used in Brazil to designate a person born and raised in rural areas, generally connoting simplicity and kindness. The name honors the ‘‘caboclos’’ from all over Brazil. A noun in apposition.




Bruno F. Melo, Luiz F. C. Tencatt and Claudio Oliveira. 2022. Phylogenetic Evidence for the Cyphocharax saladensis Clade with Description of A New Species of Cyphocharax Endemic to the Upper Rio Paraguai Basin (Teleostei: Curimatidae). Ichthyology & Herpetology. 110(2); 327-339. DOI: 10.1643/i2021057 [31 May 2022]
  twitter.com/IchsAndHerps/status/1531707677558161408

==========================

Cryptic Species of Freshwater Sculpin (Cottidae: Cottus) in California, USA

• PETER B. MOYLE+
• MATTHEW A. CAMPBELL+

PISCESENDEMISMGENOMICSTAXONOMYSCORPAENIFORMESRIFFLE SCULPINPIT SCULPINMITOCHONDRIAL INTROGRESSIONCYTONUCLEAR DISCORDANCE

• PDF(6M)

AbstractThe Riffle Sculpin (Cottus gulosus) is a small, bottom-dwelling fish regarded as widespread in the cool-water streams that flow into California’s Central Valley and into streams of the central California coast. Using population genomics, supported by other genetic, distributional, and meristic studies, we demonstrate that C. gulosus consists of three cryptic species with four subspecies (five lineages), all but one entirely endemic to California:


Cottus pitensis, Pit Sculpin Bailey and Bond 1963
Cottus gulosus, Inland Riffle Sculpin (Girard 1854)

1. g. gulosus: San Joaquin Riffle Sculpin (Girard 1854), nominate subspecies
2. g. wintu: Sacramento Riffle Sculpin, Moyle and Campbell 2022, new subspecies

Cryptic Species of Freshwater Sculpin (Cottidae: Cottus) in California, USA

The three species are endemic to California watersheds although the range of C. pitensis extends into southeastern Oregon. All are confined to cool headwater streams or to rivers with cold water releases below dams. Their populations are increasingly isolated from one another because of anthropogenic changes to California’s river systems and some are threatened with extinction. Providing taxonomic recognition of the distinct forms will improve conservation efforts on their behalf. This study also demonstrates how genomics can be used to resolve situations where signals from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA are in conflict.

==========================

Ponticola hircaniaensis sp. nov., a new and critically endangered gobiid species (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the southern Caspian Sea basin

• FATAH ZAREI+
• HAMID REZA ESMAEILI+
• MARCELO KOVAČIĆ+
• ULRICH K. SCHLIEWEN+
• KEYVAN ABBASI+

PISCESFRESHWATER ENDEMICGOBIOIDEIHABITAT FRAGMENTATIONHYBRIDIZATIONIRANSYSTEMATICS

• PDF(15M)

AbstractPonticola hircaniaensis sp. nov. is described as a new gobiid species from the Kaboudval Stream, southern Caspian Sea basin. The new species is diagnosed among Caspian Sea basin Ponticola species by the following combination of characters: second dorsal-fin branched rays 14–16, anal-fin branched rays 10–12, scales in lateral series 52–59; lower jaw slightly, if at all, prognathous; head and body yellowish brown showing a reticulate brown pattern on a yellow background, first dorsal fin with a marginal bright orangish-yellow band and a dark anterior spot, upper part of pectoral-fin base with a distinct dark brown stripe; length of third spine in first dorsal fin 13.4–18.3 % of standard length (SL), second dorsal-fin spine length 11.1–13.8 % SL, caudal peduncle length and depth 16.4–20.1 % and 11.1–12.8 % SL, respectively, head depth at nape 70.9–81.0 % of head length (HL), and at eye 52.5–66.0 % HL; sagittal otolith dorsal rim with a broad concavity in the middle, dorsal depression absent or indistinct, sulcus length/sulcus height and sulcus height/otolith height ratios 1.47–1.82 and 0.34–0.40, respectively. It is also characterised by a K2P nearest neighbour distance of 5% to P. kessleri in the mtDNA COI barcode region. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses suggested extensive hybridization between P. hircaniaensis sp. nov. and P. gorlap at Kaboudval, providing evidence for the first record of hybridization in the Ponto-Caspian gobiids. Based on narrow geographic range isolated above the Zarrin Gol Dam (< 2 km2), extensive hybridization with P. gorlap, and other threats, the new species should be considered Critically Endangered.

==========================

Luciogobius punctilineatus • A New Earthworm Goby (Gobiiformes, Gobiidae) from southern Japan


Luciogobius punctilineatus 
Koreeda & Motomura, 2022 

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5138.2.2 
 kagoshima-u.ac.jp
Abstract
Luciogobius punctilineatus n. sp. is described on the basis of 21 type specimens from Kyushu, and the Koshiki and Osumi Islands, southern Japan. It is also found in Kochi Prefecture (Shikoku) and Amami-oshima island (Ryukyu Islands), Japan, confirmed by examination of non-type specimens. The genus Luciogobius includes 15 valid and several undescribed species, and most of them inhabit interstitial spaces of stones and gravel in the intertidal zone. The new species is characterized by the following combination of characters: total second dorsal-fin rays 10–12 (modally 11); total anal-fin rays 12–14 (13); pectoral-fin rays 8–12 (10); vertebrae 16–18 + 22–24 = 39–42 (17 + 23 = 40); pectoral-fin posterior margin slightly concave; pelvic fins united, forming a ventral disc; snout relatively short, length 3.1–4.3% of SL; anus to anal-fin origin (AAA) distance twice body depth at anus, 11.4–16.9% of SL; snout length less than 34.7% of AAA distance; pre-anus length less than 85.5% of pre-anal-fin length; single poorly defined black longitudinal line along mid-lateral body region from behind pectoral fin to caudal-fin base, indistinct anteriorly (line embedded, visible through semi-transparent muscle tissue in fresh or live specimens); black spots forming a single longitudinal row on mid-lateral body surface from behind pectoral fin to caudal-fin base (more distinct in preserved specimens).

Keywords: Pisces, taxonomy, Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Gobiidae, cryptic diversity







Reo Koreeda and Hiroyuki Motomura. 2022. Luciogobius punctilineatus n. sp., A New Earthworm Goby from southern Japan. Zootaxa. 5138(2); 137-151. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5138.2.2

==========================

Roy Southend,Leigh & Ditrict Aquarist Society`s premier Show goer at the Bracknell Open Show  last weekend, Also attended by Gary and Kevin. The Shows are at last back on after the Covid shut downs!

==========================

Synbranchus of the Middle to Lower Xingu Basin, Brazil, with the description of a new rheophilic species, S. royal (Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae)

Mark Henry Sabaj, Mariangeles Arce H., Devon Donahue, Amanda Cramer, Leandro M. Sousa
Author Affiliations +
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 166(1):1-23 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1635/053.166.0119

AbstractSynbranchus (swamp eel) specimens exhibiting remarkable variation were collected from different habitats during recent fieldwork in the Xingu Basin, Brazil. For this study, those specimens were first sorted into about six morphotypes based on external morphology, especially color pattern. Representatives of each morphotype and additional specimens extralimital to the Xingu Basin were then sequenced for three mitochondrial genes (ATPase 8/6, 16s, and Cytb) and one nuclear (Rag1). Molecular phylogenetic analyses using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian methods supported the recognition of five distinct lineages of Synbranchus in the middle to lower Xingu Basin and up to 10 species-level lineages across all samples. Two of the Xingu lineages were subsequently identified as the nominal S. marmoratus and S. madeirae, and another two were provisionally treated as Synbranchus spp. 5 and 7. The fifth lineage is formally described here as Synbranchus royal, distinguished by its extremely pronounced nuchal hump with dorsal head profile distinctly concave and rising steeply from above middle of eye vs. nuchal region moderately bulbous with dorsal profile ascending more gradually, straight or with shallow concavity behind eye (S. marmoratus) or nuchal hump lacking, dorsal profile ascending modestly, straight to scarcely concave behind eye (S. lampreia and S. madeirae); and relatively deep body, maximum depth at middle of TL 4.7–5.4% TL (vs. 3.2–4.8% TL in congeners). Synbranchus royal and Synbranchus sp. 7 were found in rocky rapids of main channels of the middle Xingu on the Brazilian Shield uplands, a sharp departure from the lentic habitats commonly associated with synbranchid (swamp) eels.

©2022 by the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
Citation Download Citation
Mark Henry Sabaj, Mariangeles Arce H., Devon Donahue, Amanda Cramer, and Leandro M. Sousa "Synbranchus of the Middle to Lower Xingu Basin, Brazil, with the description of a new rheophilic species, S. royal (Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae)," Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 166(1), 1-23, (27 May 2022). https://doi.org/10.1635/053.166.0119
Received: 18 April 2022; Accepted: 27 April 2022; Published: 27 May 2022

==========================

Rhonciscus pauco • A New Species of Deep-sea Grunt (Lutjaniformes: Haemulidae) from Puerto Rico


Rhonciscus pauco 
 Tavera​, Schärer-Umpierre & Acero P., 2022

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13502
 
Abstract
A fourth species of the genus Rhonciscus (Lutjaniformes: Haemulidae) is described from various specimens collected by small-scale fishers from the insular upper slope of western Puerto Rico. The new species was molecularly recovered as sister to the Eastern Pacific R. branickii, to which it bears many morphological similarities. It is distinguished from other Rhonciscus species by the number of scale rows between the dorsal fin and the lateral line (7), larger and thus fewer scales along the lateral line (48–50), large eyes (9.4–10.4 times in SL), longer caudal peduncle (15.2–20% of SL), larger sized penultimate (14.7–19.1% in SL) and last (7.4–9.5% in SL) dorsal fin spines which translates to a less deeply notched dorsal fin, and its opalescent silver with golden specks live coloration. This grunt, only now recognized by ichthyologists, but well known by local fishers that target snappers and groupers between 200 and 500 m in depth, occurs in far deeper waters than any western Atlantic grunt.


Rhonciscus pauco, sp. nov. OMNH 86864, holotype, 266 mm SL,
from Tres Cerros, Rincón, Puerto Rico.


Rhonciscus pauco, sp. nov. Underwater photograph taken at 218 m depth in western Puerto Rico.
 Image: NOAA NCCOS 2022.

Rhonciscus pauco sp. nov. 
Opalescent Grunt
(Spanish name: Ronco opalescente)

Diagnosis. A species of the genus Rhonciscus with XIII, 12 (total 25) dorsal-fin rays; anal-fin rays III, 7; pectoral-fin rays 15–16, 17(1); rather elongate body, maximum depth 32–37.4% SL; convex predorsal profile; eye large, its diameter 9.4% to 10.4% SL; snout subequal to eye, its length 7.6% to 11.5% SL; very coarse serrations on angle of preopercular margin; pectoral fin long (28–32.5% SL) extending beyond the tip of pelvic fin, barely reaching anus; head length 30–37.3% SL; longest dorsal-fin spine (fifth) (12.1–19.1% SL); relatively long and much thicker second anal-fin spine (16.4–21.8% SL), long caudal peduncle (15.2–20% of SL), and a large size of the penultimate (14.7–19.1% in SL) and last dorsal-fin (7.4–9.5% in SL) spines which translate to a less deeply notched dorsal fin, eye diameter 0.5 to 0.6 times length of anal fin spine; maxilla reaching anterior border of pupil; seven scale rows between dorsal fin and lateral line; 48 to 50 lateral–line scales.

Distribution. Rhonciscus pauco is found on the deep shelf and upper slope of the western coast of the northeastern Caribbean island of Puerto Rico. We are uncertain of the species’ exact range, but fishers report capturing them exclusively in fine sediment habitats distributed between the municipalities of Rincón and Mayagüez, off western Puerto Rico (Fig. 1). No additional information is currently available.

Habitat. Collection depths range from 200–360 m in fine unconsolidated sediment or mud habitats (Fig. 5).

Etymology. The name pauco comes from the fisher’s nickname Paúco, Edwin Font, who already knew of this fish locally called burro or ronco (grunt). Mr. Font was the first to report and provided specimens to MS, although it is recognized by various fishers as a component of the deep-water catch in western Puerto Rico.


Jose Tavera​, Michelle T. Schärer-Umpierre and Arturo Acero P. 2022. A New Species of Deep-sea Grunt, Rhonciscus pauco (Lutjaniformes: Haemulidae), from Puerto Rico. PeerJ. 10:e13502 . DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13502

==========================

Original Article • Neotrop. ichthyol. 20 (02) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0173  
​ A new species of Knodus (Characiformes: Characidae), with deep genetic divergence, from the Mearim and Munim river basins, Northeastern Brazil, and evidence for hidden diversity in adjacent river basins
Rayane G. AguiarErick C. GuimarãesPâmella S. de BritoJadson P. SantosAxel M. KatzLuiz Jorge B. da S. DiasLuis Fernando Carvalho-CostaFelipe P. OttoniABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  Resumo
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractA new species of Knodus from the Mearim and Munim River basins, Northeastern Brazil, is herein described based on integrative taxonomy, by using different molecular based species delimitation methods and independent approaches. The new species possesses the combination of character states that usually diagnoses the genus. The new species possesses a similar colour pattern to K. victoriae, which is also morphologically similar to it. The species described herein differs from K. victoriae by possessing more total vertebrae, more branched anal-fin rays, and fewer circumpeduncular scales. We also provide a detailed discussion of the morphological diagnostic features exhibited by Knodus species from adjacent river basins.
Keywords:
Cryptic species; Integrative Taxonomy; Stevardiinae


==========================

Pteragogus turdus, a new species of wrasse (Perciformes: Labridae) from the Indo-West Pacific Ocean

• Tomoka Iino & 
• Hiroyuki Motomura 

Ichthyological Research (2022)Cite this article

• 112 Accesses
  
• 25 Altmetric
  
• Metricsdetails
  

AbstractPteragogus turdus sp. nov. (Labridae) is described on the basis of 65 specimens (18.5–81.4 mm in standard length: SL) from the eastern Indian Ocean (Western Australia) and western Pacific Ocean. The new species is characterized by the following combination of characters: 10 dorsal-fin spines; 10–15 (modally 12, rarely 14 or 15) total gill rakers; dorsal profile of head straight; 10th dorsal-fin spine relatively short, its length 14.3–20.6% (mean 17.0%) of SL; longest pelvic-fin soft ray length 16.5–24.3% (20.4%) of SL; anterior two or three dorsal-fin spines with filamentous membrane tips in terminal phase males; anal-fin spines with relatively short filamentous membrane tips; anterior nostril with dark brown margin; three slightly curved bluish-gray vertical lines usually on cheek below eye when fresh; white stripe usually on head extending from snout tip to upper end of opercle through upper part of iris (distinct in life); large circular or elliptical dark brown blotch (subequal to eye size) margined with faint yellow or orange on upper opercle; a few small dark brown spots on mid-lateral surface of body; no black spots on abdomen; dark brown blotch on membrane between 1st and 2nd dorsal-fin spines (sometimes indistinct in life); dark brown spot usually below base of last dorsal-fin soft ray; pelvic fin generally pale reddish-white with a broad reddish-brown band medially.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

==========================

==========================

`

---

.

ecies of Microlepidogaster (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from rio Pardo, a coastal drainage in eastern Brazil

• FERNANDA O. MARTINS+

PISCESBIODIVERSITYCASCUDINHOSFRESHWATER FISHNEOTROPICALTAXONOMYTELEOSTEI

• PDF(7M)

AbstractA new species of Microlepidogaster is described from rio Pardo drainage, a coastal basin in eastern Brazil. This species can be differentiated from its congeners by having the following unique features: 1) anterior portion of snout with a large odontode-free band extending laterally from the anterior tip of snout to the postrostral plate 2; 2) transverse process of second dorsal-fin pterygiophore exposed and bearing odontodes; and 3) exposed area of pectoral girdle extended to the mesial symphysis, with odontodes mainly distributed in the coracoid ventral expansion. The new species is further distinguished by several other morphological non-exclusive features. Recently, some Microlepidogaster species were reallocated to Rhinolekos. The taxonomic changes involving these genera is herein discussed.
==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5134.1.5
PUBLISHED: 2022-05-09
Neodontobutis lani, a new sleeper fish of the family Odontobutidae (Teleostei: Gobiiformes) from Guangxi, southern China

• MINGWEI ZHOU+
• ANYOU HE+
• FANGXIN WANG+
• YUSEN LI+
• CHENHONG LI+

PISCESNEODONTOBUTISFRESHWATER SLEEPERSTHE XIJIANG RIVER

• PDF(2M)

AbstractA new species, Neodontobutis lani (Odontobutidae) is described from the Zuojiang River, a tributary of the Xijiang River of the Pearl River basin, at Longzhou Town, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Southern China. This species can be distinguished from other Neodontobutis species by following characters: anterior head flat, with interorbital width / eye diameter = 1.4–1.9 (vs. less than 1.4); several rows (vs. single row) of transforming ctenii on posterior edges of body scales; sensory papilla on lower jaw arranged in two oblong clusters (vs. two single lines). It can be distinguished from Odontobutis species by: separated right and left gill membrane (vs. joined); barbel-like projection present on sensory papillae. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 2,076 nuclear coding loci indicates that N. lani is a sister species of N. hainanensis, the only Neodontobutis species that has been described from China.

==========================

New species of driftwood catfish of Tatia (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) from rio Tapajós, Brazil 

Frank Raynner V. Ribeiro1  ,  Cárlison Silva-Oliveira2 ,  Alberto Conceição F. da Silva3 and  André L. Colares Canto1
PDF: EN XML: EN | Cite this article
Abstract​

• EN
• PT

A new species of Tatia is described from rio Tapajós, upstream of the rapids of São Luiz do Tapajós, Pará State, Brazil. The new species is identified and diagnosed from its congeners through morphological characteristics such as the absence of an adipose fin, which is shared with T. akroa and T. britskii; the composition of the cranial roof elements; the color pattern consisting of dorsolateral dark dots formed by both dermal and epidermal pigments; as well as several morphometric measures. The new species is a Centromochlinae fish that feeds on insects on the surface of the water at night and it is probably endemic to rio Tapajós basin.
Keywords: Amazonia, Biodiversity, Centromochlinae, Freshwater fishes, Taxonomy.


Introduction​
Tatia Miranda Ribeiro, 1911 is the most species-rich genus in Centromochlinae with 27 valid species of small to medium-sized auchenipterid catfishes that commonly are no more than 200 mm in standard length. Its representatives are widely distributed throughout most of the cis-Andean River basins in South America, i.e., the Orinoco, Amazon, São Francisco, and upper Paraná rivers, along with coastal rivers in the north of the continent between the mouths of the Orinoco and Amazon rivers (Sarmento-Soares, Martins-Pinheiro, 2020; Souza et al., 2020; Fricke et al., 2021).
The taxonomy of Tatia, as well as that of Auchenipteridae, has changed substantially over the past two decades as studies of phylogenetic relationships among the species of Centromochlinae have been addressed (e.g., Calegari et al., 2019; Sarmento-Soares, Martins-Pinheiro, 2020). According to Sarmento-Soares, Martins-Pinheiro (2020), Tatia is a monophyletic group of auchenipterid catfish that is diagnosed by three autapomorphic and two non-exclusive features: anterior basibranchial cartilage narrow; coracoid process small, shorter than the pectoral-fin base; inclinator anales muscle in mature males that allow anal fin rotational movement to a transverse position; slit-like urogenital opening in females (shared with several Auchenipteridae); and modified anal-fin rays in mature males with the third unbranched and first branched rays converging to a pointed tip (shared with Gelanoglanis nanonocticolus Soares-Porto, Walsh, Nico & Netto, 1999).
Four species of Tatia are currently known to inhabit the rio Tapajós basin: T. brunnea Mees, 1974, T. intermedia (Steindachner, 1877), T. meridionalis (Sarmento-Soares, Cabeceira, Carvalho, Zuanon & Akama, 2013), and T. nigra Sarmento-Soares & Martins-Pinheiro, 2008 (Sarmento-Soares et al., 2013; Silva-Oliveira et al., 2016; Sarmento-Soares, Martins-Pinheiro, 2020). Specimens of a previously unknown species of Tatia, which is described herein, were collected during recent ichthyofaunal surveys undertaken throughout the rio Tapajós.

==========================

𝐶𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑣𝑎 𝑔𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑒

An endangered new catfish species of the genus Cambeva (Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp.) (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from the Rio Chapecó drainage, southern BrazilCosta, W. J. M., Feltrin, C. R. M., Katz, A. M.
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2022.45.0123
RESUMNumerous species in fast–flowing streams of southern Brazil have not been described to date. As some of these species inhabit areas under pressure due to the ongoing, intense process of environmental degradation, formal descriptions are urgently needed so as to elaborate strategies for their conservation. We describe a new species, Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp., found in the middle Rio Chapecó drainage, Uruguay River basin, in an area where intense deforestation and soya plantation is endangering fish species. The new species is considered closely related to C. panthera, a species occurring in an isolated coastal basin about 380 km from the area inhabited by the new species, as the two species share a unique jaguar–like pattern on the flank. The new species differs from C. panthera by having shorter barbels, a different position of the origin of the dorsal–fin, more vertebrae, and osteological features that are unique among congeners.

==========================

The trouts of the upper Kura and Aras rivers in Turkey, with description of three new species (Teleostei: Salmonidae)

• DAVUT TURAN+
• MAURICE KOTTELAT+
• CÜNEYT KAYA+

PISCESANATOLIABIODIVERSITYCASPIAN SEA BASINFRESHWATER FISHSALMO CASPIUSTAXONOMY

• PDF(8M)

AbstractThe taxonomic status of the resident and anadromous trout species native to the Kura and Aras river drainages is evaluated, and three resident species are recognised in the upper reaches of Kura and Aras drainages in Turkey. Salmo murathani, new species, is described from slow flowing tributaries of the Aras River. It is distinguished by the general body color dark greyish in life; the numerous black spots on body, present on the back and on the middle and upper parts of the flank, and on the anterior part of the lower flank in males and females larger than about 230 mm SL; the number of black spots increases with size, in both males and females; and various meristic and morphometric characters. Salmo araxensis, new species, is described from fast flowing tributaries of the Aras River. It is distinguished by the general body color greyish to brownish in life; only few black spots on the body, restricted to the back and the upper part of the flank, their number not increasing with size in both sexes; and various meristic and morphometric characters. Salmo ardahanensis, new species, is described from head waters of the Kura River. It is distinguished by the general body color dark brownish in life; the roundish black spots on the body, scattered on the back, and the middle and upper parts of the flank in most specimens, rarely restricted to the back and the upper part of the flank; in females, the black spots are few, restricted to the back and the upper part of the flank; the number of black spots increases slightly with size in males; the adipose fin is large, almost reaching to caudal-fin base in males larger than about 170 mm SL; and various meristic and morphometric characters.


==========================

Phylogenetic Evidence for the Cyphocharax saladensis Clade with Description of a New Species of Cyphocharax Endemic to the Upper Rio Paraguai Basin (Teleostei: Curimatidae) Bruno F. Melo1 , Luiz F. C. Tencatt2 , and Claudio Oliveira3

 Photo ​Cyphocharax caboclo, MNRJ 52506, holotype, 59.1 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso, Itiquira, Rio Correntes, upper Rio Paraguai basin.

10-ih-110-02-09_327..339.pdf
File Size:	6075 kb
File Type:	pdf

Download File

---

==========================

Our second event of the year is taking place at the Kempshott Village hall, Basingstoke.
We are changing things slightly for this show, we are not selling tickets online and all payments will be made on admission. Admission is priced at £3.00 for BLA and AofA members and £5.00 for non-members. Included with admission is day membership to the event for its duration (To comply with FHI/DEFRA guidelines) and £5.00 of free raffle tickets.
There will be a livebearer show featuring 7 classes, Including awards for 'best in show' and a 'novice award'
If you would like to enter fish into show, details of classes, joining criteria and who to contact will be made available on this page, next week.
Letters are now available for the livebearer auction, if you wouild like an auction letter please contact Steve Oliver (steven.oliver63@btinternet.com).
There will be a Raffle, Sales tables and there will be food and hot/cold drinks available.
look forward to seeing you all there.

==========================

Phylogenetic relationships of a new catfish of the genus Trichomycterus (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from the Brazilian Cerrado, and the role of Cenozoic events in the diversification of mountain catfishes
Wilson J. E. M. Costa, José Leonardo O. Mattos, Wagner M. S. Sampaio, Patrícia Giongo, Frederico B. de Almeida, Axel M. KatzAbstractThe Brazilian Cerrado highlands shelter the headwaters of the three largest South American hydrographic basins, where a great species diversity is concentrated, but some biological groups are still insufficiently known. The focal taxa of this study are trichomycterid catfishes of the subgenus Cryptocambeva, genus Trichomycterus, endemic to mountain areas of south-eastern Brazil. The primary objective of this study is to test through a molecular phylogeny if a new species collected in streams of the upper Rio Paraná basin draining the Serra da Canastra is sister to T. macrotrichopterus, endemic to the upper Rio São Francisco at another facet of the Serra da Canastra, as suggested by morphological data. The analysis corroborated sister group relationships between these two species, besides supporting four main clades in Cryptocambeva, each of them endemic to distinct mountain regions. A time-calibrated analysis supported the divergence timing between the new species and T. macrotrichopterus at the Pliocene, which is chronologically compatible with the final period of intense fluvial configuration re-arrangement, when São Francisco headwater streams were captured by the Paraná basin. The new species herein described is similar to T. macrotrichopterus and distinguished from all other species of Cryptocambeva by having a long pectoral-fin filament. These two species are distinguished from each other by characteristics of the latero-sensory system, colour pattern and bone morphology.
Key Wordsmolecular systematics, mountain biodiversity, osteology, paleo-drainages, Rio Paraná basin
IntroductionStudies on the Cerrado biota have quickly increased since the 1980s (Oliveira and Marquis 2002). However, some groups are still insufficiently known, including mountain catfishes of the Trichomycterinae (hereafter trichomycterines), the largest subfamily of the Neotropical siluriform family Trichomycteridae (Katz et al. 2018; Costa and Katz 2021). Trichomycterines occur in all areas of the Cerrado, but they are particularly diverse in mountain ranges of south-eastern Brazil (Costa 1992; Triques and Vono 2004; Alencar and Costa 2006; Barbosa and Costa 2010; Costa and Katz 2021; Costa et al. 2021a, b).
The great trichomycterine species diversity concentrated in mountain ranges of south-eastern Brazil is probably a consequence of the past Cenozoic scenario, characterised by intense re-arrangements of the hydrographic systems due to generalised uplift during the Neogene (Riccomini et al. 2004; Valadão 2009). Events of drainage capture by neighbouring basins were frequent until the Pliocene (Rezende et al. 2018), probably shaping the distribution pattern of fish species (Costa and Katz 2021; Costa et al. 2022a, b).Substantial evidence supports the upper and middle sections of the Rio Grande drainage, presently a main tributary of the upper Rio Paraná basin, as being formerly connected to the Rio São Francisco basin, a configuration that was changed after the capture of the Rio Grande drainage by the Rio Paraná basin during the Middle Miocene (Rezende et al. 2018).
The main focus of this study is an undescribed species of Trichomycterus, subgenus Cryptocambeva Costa, 2021, from the upper Rio Araguari drainage, upper Rio Paraná basin. Cryptocambeva comprises 16 species and is diagnosable by a unique morphology of the latero-posterior portion of the neurocranium and adjacent posterior region, including a relatively small posttemporo-supracleithrum separated by large interspaces from adjacent bones, and a narrow and long lateral extremity of the pterotic, with its tip extending beyond the lateral margin of the neurocranium (Costa 2021). The new taxon here described exhibits a long pectoral-fin filament, suggesting it is closely related to T. macrotrichopterus Barbosa & Costa, 2010, the only other species of Cryptocambeva having a similar long filament (Barbosa and Costa 2010). More interestingly, these two species were only found in rivers drainages separated by the Serra da Canastra, a mountain range of about 3,000 km2 that is part of a series of mountain ranges situated between the upper Rio Paraná and upper Rio São Francisco basins. The northeastern facet of the Serra da Canastra is a major watershed divide between the headwaters of the Rio Araguari drainage, of the Rio Paranaíba drainage, upper Rio Paraná basin, where the new taxon was found, and the headwaters of the main course of the Rio São Francisco basin, where can be found the type locality of T. macrotrichopterus (Costa & Barbosa, 2010).
The primary objectives of this study are to perform a multigene phylogenetic analysis to test the phylogenetic positioning of the new taxon and to provide a formal description to it. The secondary objective is to conduct a dating analysis in order to establish if the estimated divergence timing for Cryptocambeva lineages from south-eastern Brazil is compatible with the available model for the temporal drainage network evolution.

​==========================

Deeply divergent freshwater fish species within a single river system in central Sulawesi- Oryzias. landangiensis.Highlights

•We discovered a ricefish species from a river in central Sulawesi.

•This river shares estuarine waters with another river where its sister species occurs.

•These two species are genetically isolated despite freshwater drainage connectivity.

•Coalescent-based demographic inference demonstrated that they are of lake-origin.

•They are probably relic species left in these rivers due to lost dispersal ability.


AbstractSulawesi is a biodiversity hotspot for ricefishes (Adrianichthyidae), with many species endemic to the central part of this island in single ancient lakes or lake systems. Frequent vicariance by lake fragmentation since the Pliocene may be largely responsible for diversification in this family. In this study, we demonstrate that not only lacustrine species but also riverine species in this area are also deeply divergent even within a single river system. A mitochondrial phylogeny revealed that a ricefish population newly discovered from Cerekang River is sister to Oryzias dopingdopingensis Mandagi, Mokodongan, Tanaka, & Yamahira, another riverine species endemic to Doping-doping River. However, the Cerekang Oryzias was genetically isolated from O. dopingdopingensis, despite that Cerekang River and Doping-doping River share a connection across estuarine waters. This separation was supported by phylogenomic trees and population genetic structure analyses based on genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms. Coalescent-based demographic inference demonstrated that the ancestral population of these two riverine ricefishes had experienced a substantial population decrease and subsequently diverged into two sub-populations. Because the Cerekang Oryzias was also morphologically distinguished from O. dopingdopingensis, we described it as a new species, O. landangiensis. We infer that O. landangiensis and O. dopingdopingensis are of lake-origin and are relic species which were left in these rivers after the lake disappeared, and that they have lost their dispersal ability when inhabiting the ancient lake. The lost dispersal ability possibly contributed to the formation of the biodiversity hotspot for this fish group on this island.

================================

The B.L.A. had a livebearer Open show judged to FBAS rules inside their big Spring Auction on Sunday 24th April.
Heres some pics of some of the fish ,the winners,the auction / racking and the day....well done to the BLA for another successful event and now its BRACKNELL AQUARIST SOCIETY'S turn in 3 weeks to carry on the FBAS return to more shows hopefully.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5138.2.6
PUBLISHED: 2022-05-17
Silurichthys exortivus, a new catfish (Teleostei: Siluridae) from eastern Borneo, Indonesia

• HEOK HEE NG+
• MAURICE KOTTELAT+

PISCESOSTARIOPHYSISILURIFORMESKALIMANTAN TIMUR

• PDF(3M)

AbstractSilurichthys exortivus, a new species of silurid catfish, is described from the Mahakam River drainage in eastern Borneo. The new species can be distinguished from congeners in lacking a dorsal fin, having 4 (vs. 6–7) principal rays on the upper caudal-fin lobe and a combination of: body depth at anus 14.0% SL, caudal peduncle depth 5.1% SL, pelvic fins absent, 54 anal-fin rays, caudal fin with asymmetrical lobes (upper lobe 1.1 times longer than lower), 48 vertebrae, 1 gill raker on the first branchial arch, and a mottled brown body. Based on the reduced number of principal caudal-fin rays, S. exortivus, S. ligneolus and S. sanguineus are hypothesized to form an exclusively Bornean clade.
==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5138.2.2
PUBLISHED: 2022-05-17
Luciogobius punctilineatus n. sp., a new earthworm goby from southern Japan

• REO KOREEDA+
• HIROYUKI MOTOMURA+

PISCESTAXONOMYACTINOPTERYGIITELEOSTEIGOBIIDAECRYPTIC DIVERSITY

• PDF(10M)

AbstractLuciogobius punctilineatus n. sp. is described on the basis of 21 type specimens from Kyushu, and the Koshiki and Osumi Islands, southern Japan. It is also found in Kochi Prefecture (Shikoku) and Amami-oshima island (Ryukyu Islands), Japan, confirmed by examination of non-type specimens. The genus Luciogobius includes 15 valid and several undescribed species, and most of them inhabit interstitial spaces of stones and gravel in the intertidal zone. The new species is characterized by the following combination of characters: total second dorsal-fin rays 10–12 (modally 11); total anal-fin rays 12–14 (13); pectoral-fin rays 8–12 (10); vertebrae 16–18 + 22–24 = 39–42 (17 + 23 = 40); pectoral-fin posterior margin slightly concave; pelvic fins united, forming a ventral disc; snout relatively short, length 3.1–4.3% of SL; anus to anal-fin origin (AAA) distance twice body depth at anus, 11.4–16.9% of SL; snout length less than 34.7% of AAA distance; pre-anus length less than 85.5% of pre-anal-fin length; single poorly defined black longitudinal line along mid-lateral body region from behind pectoral fin to caudal-fin base, indistinct anteriorly (line embedded, visible through semi-transparent muscle tissue in fresh or live specimens); black spots forming a single longitudinal row on mid-lateral body surface from behind pectoral fin to caudal-fin base (more distinct in preserved specimens).


==========================

A new diminutive subterranean eel loach species of the genus Pangio (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Southern India

• REMYA L SUNDAR+
• C.P. ARJUN+
• ARYA SIDHARTHAN+
• NEELESH DAHANUKAR+
• RAJEEV RAGHAVAN+

PISCESFRESHWATER FISHGROUNDWATERTAXONOMYWESTERN GHATS

• PDF(4M)

AbstractA second subterranean species of Pangio is described from an old dug-out well in Kerala, Southern India. The new species, Pangio pathala is unique within the genus in possessing the highest number (27) of caudal vertebrae. Pangio pathala is distinguished from P. bhujia, the only subterranean Pangio species known so far, in having four pectoral-fin rays (vs. three), five anal-fin rays (vs. six), 67 vertebrae (40 abdominal and 27 caudal vertebrae) (vs. 62–63), and a raw genetic distance of 8.1–8.7% in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene. This paper also provides an additional record of Pangio bhujia from a location 40 km south of the type locality.

==========================

Revision of the African cichlid fish genus Ctenochromis (Teleostei, Cichliformes), including a description of the new genus Shuja from Lake Tanganyika and the new species Ctenochromis scatebra from northern Tanzania
europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/1775Full paper 


==========================

Poecilocharax callipterus & P. rhizophilus • The Monophyly of Crenuchinae and Description of Two New Species of Poecilocharax (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) based on Phenotypic and Genotypic


Evidence
River microhabitat of Poecilocharax callipterus
Murilo N.L. Pastana & Willian M. Ohara
May 16, 2022 
Media Photo/Video 


Murilo N.L. Pastana & Willian M. Ohara

The recently described Poecilocharax callipterus, male above and female below. Notice the dimorphic coloration and dorsal- and anal-fin elongation. Males are reddish in color and slightly darker than females and have a conspicuously long filament on the dorsal and anal fins. Dimorphism is a term scientists use to describe the differences in appearance between males and females of the same species. Fish size ~3 centimeters.The river microhabitat (photo 1) where Poecilocharax callipterus (photo 2) was discovered. This species is found among vegetation accumulating along the riverbanks, such as the aquatic grass in the lower-left corner of the photo. P. callipterus lives in blackwater rivers, which are tinted by leaves and other organic matter that accumulate at the bottom of the river.
Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History researcher Murilo Pastana and his colleagues have discovered and described two new species of Amazonian fish—one with striking red-orange fins and the other so small it is technically considered a miniature fish species—in a paper published today, May 16, in the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Both species inhabit waters located at the bleeding edge of human encroachment into the Amazon rainforest roughly 25 miles north of the Brazilian city of Apuí.




Poecilocharax callipterus & P. rhizophilus • The Monophyly of Crenuchinae and Description of Two New Species of Poecilocharax (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) based on Phenotypic and Genotypic Evidence


Poecilocharax callipterus   
Ohara, Pastana & Camelier, 2022
 
DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac026 
 twitter.com/NMNH 

Abstract
Crenuchinae is a subfamily of the fish family Crenuchidae distributed in the Amazon Basin with pronounced sexual dimorphism and exuberant colour patterns. Recent fieldwork in the tributaries of the Rio Aripuanã drainage, a large tributary of the Rio Madeira (Amazon Basin), resulted in the discovery of two distinctive, undescribed species of the crenuchin genus Poecilocharax, which are formally described herein, combining morphological and molecular data. These are the first representatives of Crenuchinae discovered after a gap of 57 years and the first records of Poecilocharax from the tributaries of the right bank of the Rio Amazonas draining the Brazilian crystalline shield. Based on a taxonomic review including all species of the subfamily, we provide an expanded morphological diagnosis for Crenuchinae. This now includes characteristics related to the lateral-line canals of head and body, the number of dorsal-fin rays and sexually dimorphic traits. In addition, we review previous characteristics used to diagnose Crenuchus and Poecilocharax, providing comments on their polarity and distribution across the subfamily. A dichotomous key is provided for the first time for species of Crenuchinae.

Amazon, COI gene, DNA, freshwater fishes, lateral line, phylogeny, taxonomy, tetras




Poecilocharax rhizophilus

 
Willian M. Ohara, Murilo Pastana and Priscila Camelier. 2022. The Monophyly of Crenuchinae and Description of Two New Species of Poecilocharax (Teleostei: Crenuchidae) based on Phenotypic and Genotypic Evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. zlac026. DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac026
 twitter.com/NMNH/status/1526225093541642240       

==========================

---

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5138.1.1
PUBLISHED: 2022-05-16
Dario tigris and Dario melanogrammus, two new species of miniature chameleon fishes from northern Myanmar (Teleostei: Badidae)

• RALF BRITZ+
• SVEN KULLANDER+
• LUKAS RÜBER+

PISCESTAXONOMYMORPHOMETRICSCOISPECIES DELIMITATIONHIMALAYA BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTALLOPATRIC DISTRIBUTIONSEXUAL DICHROMATISM

• PDF(10M)

AbstractDario tigris, new species, is described from mountain streams south of Mogaung, in the Ayeyarwaddy River basin, Myanmar. It differs from congeneric species by its unique colour pattern, which consists of a series of eight straight vertical bars, the first two of which in males are ash-grey and the subsequent six are orange-red in life, combined with a series of small black spots arranged in three to four rows dorsolaterally on the head and nape. It differs further from its close relative Dario hysginon, with which it may occur syntopically, by fewer dorsal-fin spines (modally 14 vs modally 15), and fewer vertebrae (modally 12+12=24 vs modally 12+13= 25). Dario melanogrammus, new species, is another barred Dario from the Chindwin River basin. It differs from all other species of the genus by its zigzagging dark vertical bars; amongst Myanmar species, it can be further distinguished from D. hysginon and D. tigris by more vertebrae (modally 26 vs 25 in D. hysginon, and 24 in D. tigris).


References

1. 
   Britz, R. (2010) A new earthworm eel of the genus Chaudhuria from the Ayeyarwaddy River drainage, Myanmar (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes: Chaudhuriidae). Zootaxa, 2571 (1), 62–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2571.1.4
   Britz, R., Ali, A. & Philip, S. (2012) Dario urops, a new species of badid fish from the Western Ghats, southern India (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Badidae). Zootaxa, 3348 (1), 63–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3348.1.5
   Britz, R. & Ali, A. (2015) Dario huli, a new species of badid from Karnataka, southern India (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Badidae). Zootaxa, 3911 (1), 139–144. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3911.1.9
   Britz, R. & Kullander, S.O. (2013) Dario kajal, a new species of badid fish from Meghalaya, India (Teleostei: Badidae). Zootaxa, 3731 (3), 331–337. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3731.3.3
   Britz, R., Anoop, V.K. & Dahanukar, N. (2018). Dario neela, a new species of badid fish from the Western Ghats of India (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Badidae). Zootaxa, 4429 (1), 141–148. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4429.1.6
   Conte-Grand, C., Britz R., Dahanukar, N., Raghavan, R., Pethiyagoda, R., Tan, H.H., Hadiaty, R.K., Yaakob, N.S. & Rüber, L. (2017) Barcoding snakeheads (Teleostei, Channidae) revisited: Discovering greater species diversity and resolving perpetuated taxonomic confusions. PLoS ONE, 12 (9), e0184017. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184017
   Gregory, J.W. (1925) The evolution of the river system of south-eastern Asia. The Scottish geographical magazine, 41, 129–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/00369222508734474
   Kullander, S. O. & Britz R. (2002) Revision of the family Badidae (Teleostei: Perciformes), with descriptions of a new genus and ten new species. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 13, 295–372.
   Kullander, S., Norén, M., Rahman, Md. M. & Mollah, A.R. (2019) Chameleonfishes in Bangladesh: hipshot taxonomy, sibling species, elusive species, and limit of species delimitation (Teleostei: Badidae). Zootaxa, 4586 (2), 301–337. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4586.2.7
   Plinius Secundus Maior, G. (535–1538) Naturalis Historia. Aldus, Venetia, 314 + 303 + 195 pp., index.
   Rüber, L., Britz, R., Kullander, S.O. & Zardoya, R. (2004) Evolutionary and biogeographic patterns of the Badidae (Teleostei: Perciformes) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 32, 1010–1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2004.04.020
   Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics, 30, 1312–1313. [PMID: 24451623] https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
   Swofford, D.L. (2002) Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and other methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, 144 pp.
   Taylor, W.R. & Van Dyke, G.G. (1985) Revised procedures for staining and clearing small fishes and other vertebrates for bone and cartilage study. Cybium, 9, 107–119.
   Ward, R., Zemlak, T., Innes, B., Last, P. & Hebert, P. (2005) DNA barcoding Australia’s fish species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 360, 1847–1857. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1716
   Weitzman, S.H. & Vari, R.P. (1988) Miniaturization in South American freshwater fishes; an overview and discussion. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101, 444–465.
   

==========================

“Tropical Truth”: A Fresh, Science-Based Look at Hawaii’s Aquarium Fishery12 May, 2022



“We’ve collected data for over 17 years from over 6,700 surveys and have found that aquarium fish populations are generally stable and increasing in West Hawai’i where, again, most of these aquarium fish are collected. The populations of Yellow Tang and Kole – which are the two most heavily collected species – are not declining. In recent years, they’ve both been increasing both in the protected areas and in open areas. […] If you define sustainable as the numbers remaining the same and/or increasing, then they’re sustainable.”
—Dr. Bruce Carlson,
former Waikiki Aquarium Director and Chief Science Officer at the Georgia Aquarium From CORAL Contributor Art Parola comes this news:
“A new website has been released to promote the efforts of the Hawaiian fishermen. There are some significant deadlines approaching in Hawaii, and it would be good to make people aware of this new resource.”

Randall Kosaki, Ph.D., NOAA scientistThe content has videos, graphics, and references that lend scientific support to the arguments that the aquarium fishery in the Hawaiian Islands has a track record of sustainability and not causing the loss marine biodiversity.
Among the biologists and fishery observers quoted are Dr. William Walsh (state fisheries biologist); Dr. Bruce Carlson (former director, Waikiki Aquarium); Ron Tubbs, Tony & Sally Nahacky (AQ collectors); Dr. Richard Pyle (Bishop Museum); Dr. Randall Kosaki (NOAA), and others.
Excerpt
“A picture of a fish is worth 1,000 words, but in many ways a live fish in an aquarium is worth 1,000 pictures. It really does compel people to care not just about that fish in the aquarium but the habitat that it came from.”
—Randall Kosaki, Ph.D., NOAA scientist

https://tropicaltruth.com/https://tropicaltruth.com/

==========================

.

Original Article • Neotrop. ichthyol. 20 (02) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0143   COPYNew species of Phenacorhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from the Xingu River basinGabriel S. C. SilvaLuz E. OchoaÍthalo S. CastroABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  Resumo
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractHeptapteridae is a diverse group of catfishes composed of 231 valid species endemic to the Neotropical region, recognized in two subfamilies: Rhamdiinae and Heptapterinae. Phenacorhamdia is a Heptapterinae member and currently has 13 valid species broadly distributed throughout the main river basins of South America. Here we described a new species of Phenacorhamdia from the Xingu River basin. Morphological data were obtained from 30 specimens under 23 morphometric measures and 6 meristic counts. The new species differs from congeners based on the exclusive combination of the following diagnostic characters: atypical mottled colored body and all fins with interradial membranes mottled pigmented; multicuspid teeth; maxillary barbel reaching pectoral-fin origin; lacking a short extension of the first pectoral-fin ray; caudal fin lobes extremely elongated and pointed; and 43−45 total vertebrae.
Keywords:
Amazon River basin; Brazilian Shield; Catfishes; Taxonomy
ResumoHeptapteridae é um grupo diverso de bagres neotropicais composto por 231 espécies válidas, endêmicas da região Neotropical, divididas em duas subfamílias: Rhamdiinae e Heptapterinae. Phenacorhamdia é um membro de Heptapterinae e atualmente possui 13 espécies válidas amplamente distribuídas pelos principais rios da América do Sul. Aqui nós descrevemos uma nova espécie de Phenacorhamdia da bacia do rio Xingu. Dados morfológicos foram obtidos de 30 espécimes, 23 medidas morfométricas e seis contagens merísticas. A nova espécie é diferenciada de suas congêneres com base na seguinte combinação de características: um atípico corpo manchado com as membranas interradiais de todas as nadadeiras manchadas; dentes multicuspidados; barbilhão maxilar atingindo a origem da nadadeira peitoral; ausência de uma curta extensão do primeiro raio da nadadeira peitoral; lóbulos da nadadeira caudal extremamente alongados e pontiagudos, e 43−45 vértebras.
Palavras-chave:
: Bacia do rio Amazonas; Bagres; Escudo Brasileiro; Taxonomia
INTRODUCTIONPhenacorhamdiaDahl, 1961 is a genus of Heptapteridae a Neotropical catfish family widely distributed from southern Mexico to Pampas of Argentina (Bockmann & Guazzelli, 2003). According to Britski, (1993) and Bockmann (1998:367), species of the genus are distinguished by having small eyes covered by integument, prognathous mouth, second pore of the nasal canal located far posterior to the anterior nostril, the epioccipital process prominent, and neural and hemal spines of posterior vertebrae inclined 30º or less. Phenacorhamdia was considered a junior synonym of Heptapterus Bleeker, 1858 by Mees, (1974). Still, posteriorly, Britski, (1993), in the description of Phenacorhamdia unifasciata recognized the genus as valid and proposed some morphological features as potentially diagnostic for the genus. The genus was recovered as a member of an unnamed monophyletic group composed of Chasmocranus Eigenmann, 1912, Pariolius Cope, 1872, and two undescribed genera in a phylogenetic analysis by Bockmann, (1998). Recently, in comprehensive Heptapteridae phylogeny based on UCEs, Silva et al., (2021) found two major subclades, classified as the subfamilies Rhamdiinae and Heptapterinae. Phenacorhamdia was recognized as a member of Heptapterinae and belonged to the large tribe Heptapterini, in the Clade 3, together with Pariolius and Cetopsorhamdia Eigenmann & Fisher, 1916.
Currently, Phenacorhamdia includes 13 valid species (Fricke et al., 2021) widespread in the South America river basins: P. anisura (Mees, 1987), P. macarenensisDahl, 1961, P. provenzanoi DoNascimiento & Milani, 2008, and P. taphorni DoNascimiento & Milani, 2008 occur throughout the Orinoco River basin in Venezuela and Colombia; P. tenuis (Mees, 1986) in the Guiana Shield; in the upper Amazon, P. boliviana (Pearson, 1924) occurs in the Madeira River basin in Bolivia and Brazil; P. nigrolineataZarske, 1998 in streams from Ecuador, Peru, and Colombia; in the Brazilian Shield, P. cabocla Rocha, Ramos & Ramos, 2018 in the Parnaíba River basin, P. somnians (Mees, 1974) in Araguaia River basin, P. hoehnei (Miranda Ribeiro, 1914) in Paraguay; and P. roxoi Silva, 2020, P. tenebrosa (Schubart, 1964), and P. unifasciataBritski, 1993 in the upper Paraná River basin. In addition, Silva et al., (2021) recognized four undescribed species of Phenacorhamdia occurring in the Amazon basin in the Brazilian Shield, from the Tocantins, Xingu, and Tapajós river basins. Below we described one of these species from the Xingu River basin.
MATERIAL AND METHODSMeasurements and counts were taken from the left side of specimens and made point to point to the nearest 0.1 mm with digital calipers. Measurements and abbreviations follow DoNascimiento, Milani, (2008). Morphometrics is given as percentages of standard length (SL), except for subunits of the head, which are expressed as percentages of head length (HL). Specimens were cleared and stained (c&s) according to Taylor, Van Dyke, (1985). The number of branchiostegals, gill rackers, vertebrae, ribs, and supporting elements of dorsal and anal fins positions were determined in cleared and stained specimens and radiographs. Vertebral counts include the first five vertebrae in the Weberian apparatus and the compound caudal centrum was counted as one. The osteology nomenclature follows Bockmann, Castro, (2010). Nomenclature for supraorbital and infraorbital sensory pores and lateral-lines canal and branches following Bockmann, Castro, (2010). Data on pectoral, anal, and caudal-fin rays, pleural ribs, and total vertebrae for Phenacorhamdia anisura, P. provenzanoi, P. tenuis, and P. taphorni were taken from DoNascimiento, Milani, (2008). Phenacorhamdia cabocla, P. macarenensis, and P. nigrolineata data were obtained from their original descriptions (Dahl, 1961; Zarske, 1998; Rocha et al., 2018) and for P. boliviana from images of the syntype, available at CAS Ichthyology Primary Types Imagebase website (http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/types/Index.asp). Additional data were obtained from the BMNH (P. somnians) and MNRJ (P. hoehnei) images collections. Counts are given in parentheses, and an asterisk indicates the holotype. Institutional abbreviations follow Sabaj, (2020). Zoological nomenclature follows the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999).
RESULTSPhenacorhamdia suia, new species
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:74342E2A-673C-405D-9CEA-46CC289C4C7E
(Figs. 1−3; Tab. 1)
Phenacorhamdia n. sp. 2. Xingu. --Silva et al., 2021: fig. 1 [phylogenetic relationships of Heptapteridae].
Holotype. MNRJ 24850, 81.8 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso State, São Félix do Araguaia, Xingu River basin, Comandante Fontoura River basin, Santa Luzia stream, 11°19’30”S 52°17’06”W, 16 Jan 2002, P. Buckup, A. Aranda, F. Silva & C. Figueiredo.
Paratypes. All from Brazil, Xingu River basin. Mato Grosso State: LBP 15885, 1, 32.9 mm SL, Canarana, Tanguro River, Culuene River, 13º25’30.9”S 52º16’47.0”W, 1 Aug 2012, C. Oliveira, M. I. Taylor, G. J. Costa-Silva & J. H. M Martinez. LBP 15886, 6, 57.1−79.9 mm SL (2 c&s, 44.9−51.3 mm SL), Canarana, Tanguro River, Culuene River, 13º25’30.9”S 52º16’47.0”W, 1 Aug 2012, C. Oliveira, M. I. Taylor, G. J. Costa-Silva & J. H. M Martinez. LBP 15910, 1, 32.6 mm SL, Canarana, Coronél Vanick River, 13º31’34.1”S 52º43’52.5”W, 2 Aug 2012, C. Oliveira, M. I. Taylor, G. J. Costa-Silva & J. H. M Martinez. LBP 16013, 1, 37.1 mm SL, unnamed stream affluent of Culuene River, 13º27’26.9”S 53º09’36.6”W, 3 Aug 2012, Oliveira, M. I. Taylor & G. J. Costa-Silva. LBP 16014, 1, 47.8 mm SL, Gaúcha do Norte, Culuene River, 13º27’26.9”S 53º09’36.6”W, 3 Aug 2012, Oliveira, M. I. Taylor & G. J. Costa-Silva. LBP 16017, 1, 47.6 mm SL, Gaúcha do Norte, affluent of Culuene River, 13º26’32.8”S 53º08’45.1”W, 3 Aug 2012, Oliveira, M. I. Taylor & G. J. Costa-Silva. MZUSP 86862, 15, 23.2−44.9 mm SL, Ribeirão Cascalheira, Suiazinho River, 12º57’10.0”S 51º51’08.0”W, 16 Out 2004, O. T. Oyakawa, J. L. Birindelli & C. Oliveira. MZUSP 86875.0, 2, 24.5−26.4 mm SL, Canarana, Capim stream, 13º30’46.0”S 52º23’36”W, 17 Out 2004, C. Moreira, M. I. Landim, J. C. Nolasco & A. Datovo. MZUSP 86846, 1, 30.0 mm SL, Ribeirão Cascalheira, Turvo River, 13º13’28.0”S 51º55’50.0”W, 16 Out 2004, Axe team. Pará State: LBP 16703, 2, 31.4−35.7 mm SL, Vitória do Xingu, Fonte Boa stream, 02º58’12.3”S 52º05’11”W, C. Oliveira, R. Britzke & L. M. Souza.




FIGURE 1 |
Phenacorhamdia suia, MNRJ 24850, holotype, 81.8 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso State, São Félix do Araguaia, upper Xingu River basin. Photographed by Dario Faustino-Fuster.


Diagnosis.Phenacorhamdia suia differs from all congeners by having an atypical mottled colored body (Figs. 1−2) (vs. uniformly counter-shaded, without mottled pattern; with a longitudinal dark brown stripe along the dorsal half of the body in P. unifasciata), and by having all fins with interradial membranes pigmented and mottled (vs. fins with interradial membranes hyaline). Additionally, P. suia differs from all congeners, except P. taphorni by having multicuspid teeth (vs. conical teeth) (Fig. 3). The new species differs from some of its congeners by maxillary barbel reaching pectoral-fin origin (vs. maxillary barbel reaching the end of adpressed pectoral fin in P. anisura, P. boliviana, P. nigrolineata, and P. tenebrosa; reaching half the length of pectoral fin in P. tenuis; surpassing pectoral fin in P. provenzanoi and P. taphorni; reaching pelvic-fin origin in P. macarenensis); lacking a short extension of the first pectoral-fin ray (vs. present in P. anisura, P. macarenensis, P. nigrolineata, P. provenzanoi, and P. taphorni), by caudal fin deeply forked with extremely elogated and pointed lobes (vs. moderately pointed in P. hoehnei; rounded in P. somnians); and by having 43−45 total vertebrae (vs. 39 in P. taphorni; 41 in P. hoehnei; 41−42 in P. tenebrosa; 46−47 P. unifasciata; 47−48 in P. provenzanoi; 53−55 in P. tenuis).




FIGURE 2 |
Phenacorhamdia suia, paratypes, LBP 15886: A. 79.9 mm SL; B. 65.7 mm SL; C. 56.0 mm SL. Photographed by Lais Reia.


Description. Morphometric data are summarized in Tab. 1. Small-sized Heptapteridae (largest specimen 81.8 mm SL). In dorsal view, body elongated progressively more compressed from dorsal-fin base to caudal peduncle. Greatest body width at cleithral region, progressively narrowing anteriorly towards snout tip and posteriorly towards caudal fin. In lateral view, body depressed and convex profile from the end of head to dorsal-fin origin; slightly convex from dorsal-fin origin to adipose-fin origin; straight from adipose-fin origin to caudal peduncle. In lateral view, ventral profile convex and descending from snout tip to opercular region; slightly convex from opercular region to pelvic-fin origin; straight from that point to anal-fin origin; slightly concave from that point to lower procurrent caudal-fin ray origin. Head depressed, dorsally covered by skin with small papillae. Snout short and rounded in dorsal view. Dorsal profile of head convex (in large specimens) or straight (in small specimens) from snout tip to the occipital region. Subcutaneous eyes, dorsally positioned, just anterior of the midpoint of head. Mouth gape slightly superior (prognathous). Premaxillary and dentary teeth arranged in a rectangular patch of several irregular rows. Distal portion of teeth flattened and multicuspid. Maxillary barbel reaching the base of first pectoral-fin ray, when adpressed. Outer mental barbel longer than inner barbel. Inner and outer mental barbels aligned. Outer mental barbels reaching posterior margin of branchiostegal membrane. Anterior and posterior nares tubular. Gill membranes free, supported by seven (2) branchiostegals and joined to isthmus only at anterior point. Five (2) gill rakers along the anterior border of the first ceratobranchial.




FIGURE 3 |
Left dentary of Phenacorhamdia suia, paratype, LBP 15886, 51.3 mm SL (c&s). A. Dorsal view of medial portion of dentary teeth (scale bar = 0.1 mm) and B. Dorsal view of entirely dentary teeth (scale bar = 0.5 mm).




 Thumbnail
TABLE 1 |
Morphometric data for Phenacorhamdia suia. SD = standard deviation; N = number of specimens.
Laterosensory canal of the head with simple tubes ending in single pores. Supraorbital sensory canal usually with five branches and pores: s1, s2, s3, and s8. Supraorbital pore 1 medially adjacent to anterior nares. Supraorbital s2 and infraorbital i2 fused (forming complex s2+i2) at midway between anterior and posterior nares, s3 inside posterior nares, at the notch of the cutaneous membrane. s4, s5, and s6 pores absent. The s8 at the posterior surface of the frontal. Infraorbital laterosensory canal with six branches pores: i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, and i6, with i2 fused to s2. Infraorbital pore i1 adjacent to anterior nares, between nares and maxillary barbel; i2+s2 neared to anterior nares. Pore i3 laterally positioned at midway between anterior and posterior nares; i4 at vertical through anterior orbit; i5 posterior to eye. Pore i6 located posterior to pore i5, vertical through pm9. Preoperculo mandibular canal with 12 lateral-line branches and pores: pm1 in the medial portion of dentary; pm2, pm3, and pm4 aligned anteriorly to inner and outer mental barbel; pm5 dorsal to outer mental barbel base; pm6 just posterior to pm5; pm7 and pm8 at vertical through anterior and posterior orbit respectively. Four pores in the preopercle region: pm9, pm10, pm11+po1, and po2 (Fig. 4).




FIGURE 4 |
Lateral, dorsal and ventral view of head of Phenacorhamdia suia, LBP 15886, 79.9 mm SL, paratype, showing the cephalic laterosensory pores. Infraorbital pores (i1–i6); Preoperculomandibular pores (pm1–pm11); Postotic pores (po1–po2); Supraorbital pores (s1–s3, and s8).


Precaudal vertebrae 15*(3), caudal vertebrae 27*(1) or 30(2), totaling 43*(1) or 45(2) vertebrae. First hemal spine on vertebra 16*(1) or 17(2). Hemal spine of vertebrae 26*(1) or 27(2) to 31(2) or 32*(1) bifid (Fig. 5). Eight(2) or nine*(1) ribs (Fig. 6).




FIGURE 5 |
Lateral view of bifid hemal spines of vertebrae 27 to 31, located dorsally to anal-fin pterygiophores. Phenacorhamdia suia, paratype, LBP 15886 (1 c&s), 51.3 mm SL.


Pectoral fin with one unbranched and seven branched rays (30). Pelvic-fin origin at vertical through dorsal-fin origin and with i,5(30) rays. First pelvic-fin ray shortest, second and third branched rays longest. Dorsal fin with i,6(30) rays. Dorsal fin unbranched ray slightly convex. First basal radial inserted in the 13º vertebra, and last basal radial anterior to the neural spine of vertebra 18. Adipose fin long (15.3−22.5% SL). Anal fin with v,8*(7) or v,9(23) rays. Anal fin supported by 10 basal and 8 distal radials. Caudal skeleton composed of a plate formed by parhypural + hypurals 1 and 2 in the lower lobe, upper lobe plate formed by hypurals 3 and 4 fused, hypural 5 free, and a pleurostyle. Caudal fin forked with i,7*(3)+7,i*(1) or 8,i(2) principal rays. Caudal-fin lobes long, the ventral longer (27.6−35.6% SL) than dorsal lobe (25.8−32.1% SL). Twelve (2) to thirteen (2) procurrent rays in dorsal and ventral lobes.




FIGURE 6 |
Radiograph images of the holotype of Phenacorhamdia suia, MNRJ 24850, 81.8 mm SL. Lateral (top) and ventral (bottom) views.


Color in alcohol. Overall pigmentation mottled (with light brown background and irregular dark brown blotches formed by minutes and concentrated melanophores that overlap each other) (Figs. 1−2), becoming ventrally mostly unpigmented. Interradial membranes of all fins pigmented as the body.
Geographical distribution.Phenacorhamdiasuia is known from nine localities from the upper and lower Xingu River basins (Fig. 7). The type-locality is Santa Luzia stream, Comandante Fontoura River basin. Other sites are Culuene, Coronel Vanick, Suiazinho, Turvo Rivers, Capim and Fonte Boa streams, and two unnamed streams.




FIGURE 7 |
Geographic distribution of Phenacorhamdia suia in Brazilian Shield. Black star = holotype. Red circles = paratypes localities.


Etymology. The specific name “suia” refers to the Suias indigenous people who, since the 90’s, have stood out in the fight to protect the Suiá-Missu River environment and for recovery of their traditional lands outside the limits of Xingu park. A noun in apposition.
Conservation status.Phenacorhamdiasuia is a widely distributed species in the Xingu basin, known from nine localities; moreover, the areas where the specimens were collected are relatively well preserved. Because there is no imminent threat to the species, P. suia is recommended to be categorized as Least Concern (LC), according to the International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) categories and criteria (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2019).
DISCUSSIONThe new species is unequivocally placed within Phenacorhamdia since it has five of the six synapomorphies for the genus proposed by Bockmann (1998:368): (1) posterior process of epioccipital prominent; (2) prognathous mouth; (3) neural and hemal spines of the posterior vertebrae inclined 30º or less; (4) eight branched rays in the lower lobe of the caudal fin; and (5) second pore of the supraorbital nasal canal located too far posteriorly from the anterior nostril. Phenacorhamdia suia lacks one synapomorphy: the first pectoral-fin ray is slightly longer than the second. Phenacorhamdia suia exhibits the first pectoral-fin ray shorter than the second ray. Additionally, the genus placement of P. suia is supported by the phylogenomic hypothesis of Heptapteridae based on the UCEs dataset proposed by Silva et al., (2021). In that study, P. suia (there named as Phenacorhamdia n. sp. 2. Xingu) was more related to typical species of Phenacorhamdia: P. roxoi, P. somnians, and three new species from Tapajós and Tocantins rivers of the Amazon basin.
Although Phenacorhamdia is recognized as a monophyletic group, different hypotheses of relationship at the intergeneric level have been proposed. Bockmann, (1998) proposed Phenacorhamdia as the sister group to Pariolius armillatus Cope, 1872 and a new genus, consisting of two species: Imparfinis microps Eigenmann & Fisher, 1916 and an undescribed form. In the last hypothesis, Chasmocranus Eigenmann, 1912 was in a basal position as the sister group of Phenacorhamdia (Pariolius (Imparfinis microps, undescribed species)). Subsequently, DoNascimiento, Milani, (2008) found morphological evidence of phylogenetic affinities of Phenacorhamdia with Chasmocranus, based on both genera share distinctive bifid hemal spines of the vertebrae immediately dorsal to the insertion of the anal-fin pterygiophores. In contrast with the last hypothesis, Silva et al., (2021) placed Phenacorhamdia as sister to Pariolius, suggesting the homoplasic evolution of single to bifid spines in Heptapteridae.
Phenacorhamdia suia has a peculiar tooth morphology with maxillary and dentary teeth with several tiny cusps (Fig. 3). This character was first reported by DoNascimiento, Milani, (2008) in P. taphorni and two undescribed species from the Paraná and Mamoré River basin, indicating a putative close relationship between the species mentioned above and P. suia. Although this character seems to be essential evidence to a putative natural group inside Phenacorhamdia, a phylogenetic study with a dense number of species is required to evaluate if the multicuspid teeth (primary homology) can be confirmed as a synapomorphic condition or if this character evolved several times independently.
The new species described here was collected in several localities of the upper Xingu River basin in Mato Grosso State (LBP 15910, 15885, 15886, 16014, 16017, 16013; MNRJ 24850; MZUSP 86862, 86875, 86846) and a single stream in the lower Xingu River basin, in Pará State (LBP 16703), far from the upper portion of the Xingu River (Fig. 4). Silva et al., (2021) analyzed both the samples from the upper (LBP 16017) and lower (LBP 16703) Xingu River in their phylogeny and confirmed that these specimens form a monophyletic group. Furthermore, the specimens from the lower portion have the same diagnostic characters found in the specimens from the upper portion.
Comparative material examined.Phenacorhamdia boliviana: Bolivia. CAS 63632, syntype, photo and x-ray, 47.0 mm SL. Brazil. LBP 12008, 1, 41.0 mm SL. Phenacorhamdia cabocla: Brazil. LBP 5550, 1, 40.0 mm SL. UFPB 10041, 1 c&s, 59.2 mm SL. Phenacorhamdia hoehnei: Brazil. MNRJ 787, lectotype, photo and x-ray, 29.7 mm SL. NUP 21562, 5, 37.3–70.2 mm SL, 1 c&s, 73.4 mm SL. ZUFMS 1969, 46.5–66.0 mm SL. Phenacorhamdia nigrolineata: Peru. MTD F 20728, holotype, photo and x-ray, 37.6 mm SL. MTD F 17472, paratype, photo and x-ray, 33.2 mm SL. Phenacorhamdia roxoi: Brazil. MZUSP 125819, holotype, 63.2 mm SL. LBP 1994, paratypes, 11, 24.1–83.7 mm SL, 3 c&s, 42.9–83.7 mm SL. Phenacorhamdia somnians: Brazil. BMNH 1971.7.29.4, holotype, photo and x-ray, 55.0 mm SL. LBP 2468, 45.8 mm SL. LBP 2474, 4, 35.8–47.6 mm SL. LBP 5717, 3, 55.0–46.2 mm SL. Phenacorhamdia tenebrosa: Brazil. LBP 29845, topotype, 20, 46.3–27.5 mm SL, 2 c&s, 37.6–38.6 mm SL. Phenacorhamdia unifasciata: Brazil. DZSJRP 14228, 4, 44.8–53.1 mm SL, 1 c&s, 54.0 mm SL.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThanks to colleagues for the loan of specimens and curatorial assistance: Carla S. Pavanelli, Marli Campos (NUP), Francisco Langeani (DZSJRP), and Francisco Severo Neto (ZUFMS); Lais Reia for helping with the figures; J. Maclaine (BMNH) for the images of the type and Dario Faustino-Fuster for the image of the holotype. We also thank the research support from FAPESP grant #2021/12979–8 (GSCS) and CNPq grant #140174/2018–4 (ISC).
REFERENCES

• Bockmann FA. Análise filogenética da família Heptapteridae (Teleostei, Ostariophysi, Siluriformes) e redefinição de seus gêneros. [PhD Thesis]. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo; 1998.
• Bockmann FA, Castro R. The blind catfish from the caves of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae): description, anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, natural history, and biogeography. Neotrop Ichthyol. 2010; 8(4):673–706. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252010000400001
  » https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252010000400001
• Bockmann FA, Guazzelli GM. Family Heptapteridae. In: Reis RE, Kullander SO, Ferraris CJ Jr, editors. Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: Edipucrs; 2003. p.406–31.
• Britski HA. Uma nova espécie de Phenacorhamdia da bacia do alto Paraná (Pisces, Siluriformes). Comun Mus Ciênc Tecnol PUCRS, Sér Zool. 1993; 6:41–50.
• Dahl G. Nematognathous fishes collected during the Macarena Expedition, 1959. Noved Colomb. 1961; 1(6):483–514.
• DoNascimiento C, Milani N. The Venezuelan species of Phenacorhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae), with the description of two new species and a remarkable new tooth morphology for Siluriformes. P Acad Nat Sci Phila. 2008; 157(1):163–80. https://doi.org/10.1635/0097-3157(2008)157[163:TVSOPS]2.0.CO;2
  » https://doi.org/10.1635/0097-3157(2008)157[163:TVSOPS]2.0.CO;2
• Fricke R, Eschmeyer W, Van der Laan R. Eschemeyer’s catalog of fishes: genera, species, references [Internet]. San Francisco: California Academy of Science; 2021. Available from: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp
  » http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp
• International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). International code of zoological nomenclature. 4th ed. London: International trust for zoological nomenclature Natural History Museum [Internet]. London; 1999. Available from: https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-international-code-of-zoological-nomenclature/the-code-online/
  » https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-international-code-of-zoological-nomenclature/the-code-online/
• International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Standards and petitions subcommittee. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 14 [Internet]. Gland; 2019. Available from: https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines
  » https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines
• Mees GF. The Auchenipteridae and Pimelodidae of Suriname (Pisces, Nematognathi). Zool Verh. 1974; 132:1–256.
• Rocha YGPC, Ramos TPA, Ramos RTC Phenacorhamdia cabocla, a new heptapterid from the Parnaíba River basin, Northeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae). Zootaxa. 2018; 4402(2):353–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.7
  » https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.2.7
• Sabaj MH. Codes for Natural History collections in Ichthyology and Herpetology. Copeia. 2020; 108(3):593–669. https://doi.org/10.1643/ASIHCODONS2020
  » https://doi.org/10.1643/ASIHCODONS2020
• Silva GSC, Roxo FF, Melo BF, Ochoa LE, Bockmann FA, Sabaj MH, Jerep FC, Foresti F, Benine RC, Oliveira C. Evolutionary history of Heptapteridae catfishes using ultraconserved elements (Teleostei, Siluriformes). Zool Scr. 2021; 50(5):543–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12493
  » https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12493
• Taylor WR, Van Dyke GC. Revised procedures for staining and clearing small fishes and other vertebrates for bone and cartilage study. Cybium; 1985; 9(2):107–19.
• Zarske A Phenacorhamdianigrolineata spec. nov., ein neuer Antennenwels aus dem Einzugsgebiet des Rio Ucayali in Peru (Teleostei: Silurifomes: Pimelodidae). Zoologische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden. 1998; 50(2):27–31.

==========================

Preston and District Aquarist Society Auction 2/4
70 Stanifield Lane, Leyland, PR25 4GA, United Kingdom
More
About
Discussion

Interested
Going
InviteDetails
52 people responded
Event by Elliot Garstang and Preston and District Aquarist society
70 Stanifield Lane, Leyland, PR25 4GA, United Kingdom
Public  · Anyone on or off Facebook
Held at Farington Conservative Club and starts at 12pm
Open both to members and non-members
Sellers are required to book in a lot by contacting Elliot G, booking in starts from May 4th

=======================

10 May 2022
​A New Glyptosternine Catfish from Myanmar Glaridoglanis ramosa (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Sisoridae)
Heok Hee Ng, Maurice Kottelat
Author Affiliations +
Ichthyology & Herpetology, 110(2):262-267 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2021056

AbstractGlaridoglanis ramosa, new species, is described from a cryptorheic basin in northern Shan State, Myanmar. The new species can be distinguished from G. andersonii, the sole congener, in having fewer vertebrae (39–40 vs. 42–44), more branched pectoral-fin rays (13–14 vs. 8–10), a longer maxillary barbel (reaching beyond proximal half vs. not more than proximal third of first pectoral-fin element; 87–101% head length vs. 75–79), a shorter pelvic fin (10.8–16.3% standard length vs. 18.0–22.4) and dorsal-to-adipose distance (7.1–11.7% standard length vs. 17.5–20.0), absence (vs. presence) of a thin, pale midlateral stripe, and an adipose fin that is strongly incised (vs. without incision or with a weak incision) at the posterior extremity of its base. We also investigated the taxonomic status of Glyptosternon malaisei, and conclude that it is a junior subjective synonym of Glaridoglanis andersonii.

© 2022 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Citation Download Citation
Heok Hee Ng and Maurice Kottelat "A New Glyptosternine Catfish from Myanmar (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Sisoridae)," Ichthyology & Herpetology 110(2), 262-267, (10 May 2022). https://doi.org/10.1643/i2021056
Received: 13 May 2021; Accepted: 6 October 2021; Published: 10 May 2022

==========================

The Rapid Evolution of Lungfish Durophagy


Youngolepis praecursor Chang & Yu, 1981
 
in Cui, Friedman, Qiao, et al., 2022. 
 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30091-3 
 twitter.com/Friedman_Lab
artwork by Brian Choo

Abstract
Innovations relating to the consumption of hard prey are implicated in ecological shifts in marine ecosystems as early as the mid-Paleozoic. Lungfishes represent the first and longest-ranging lineage of durophagous vertebrates, but how and when the various feeding specializations of this group arose remain unclear. Two exceptionally preserved fossils of the Early Devonian lobe-finned fish Youngolepis reveal the origin of the specialized lungfish feeding mechanism. Youngolepis has a radically restructured palate, reorienting jaw muscles for optimal force transition, coupled with radiating entopterygoid tooth rows like those of lungfish toothplates. This triturating surface occurs in conjunction with marginal dentition and blunt coronoid fangs, suggesting a role in crushing rather than piercing prey. Bayesian tip-dating analyses incorporating these morphological data indicate that the complete suite of lungfish feeding specializations may have arisen in as little as 7 million years, representing one of the most striking episodes of innovation during the initial evolutionary radiations of bony fishes.




Xindong Cui, Matt Friedman, Tuo Qiao, Yilun Yu and Min Zhu. 2022. The Rapid Evolution of Lungfish Durophagy. Nature Communications. 13: 2390. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30091-3
  twitter.com/Friedman_Lab/status/1521172479632461826
 highlighting feeding innovations in Youngolepis, an Early Devonian stem lungfish from China (art: Brian Choo) @NatureComms @Friedman_Lab

==========================

Biogeographic Reconstruction of the Migratory Neotropical Fish Family Prochilodontidae (Teleostei: Characiformes)



in Frable, Melo, Fontenelle, et al., 2022.
DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12531 
  twitter.com/JPF_ishes 

Abstract
Geographically, widespread Neotropical fish lineages offer opportunities to reconstruct historical biogeography patterns and infer processes leading to modern ichthyological diversity and distribution. The characiform family Prochilodontidae is well suited for such reconstruction because their migrations limit population substructure within river systems. Therefore, their biogeographic history should match closely the history of connectivity among Neotropical river basins. Here, we combine a time-calibrated phylogeny with biogeographic model testing to recover the history of this family's diversification. Results support the Miocene rise of the Andean Eastern Cordillera as a dispersal barrier, but also indicate a much earlier Eocene origin of the trans-Andean genus Ichthyoelephas. Despite the early origin of the family and its three constituent genera, most prochilodontid lineages originated during the Miocene in Greater Amazonia, likely due to drainage reorganizations caused by Andean uplift. Subsequent speciation appears linked to interbasin exchanges and expansions of Amazonian lineages into Brazilian coastal systems. The modern richness of Prochilodus in easterly drainages appears to be relatively young, with only Prochilodus vimboides likely reaching that region prior to the late Miocene. The rise of the Vaupes Arch coincides with two splits between Orinocoan and Amazonian lineages circa 9 million years ago (Ma). However, two instances of later dispersal between these drainages reveal the permeability of the Vaupes Arch, suggesting that it may promote periodic speciation. This study illustrates how model-based biogeographic studies of widespread groups can reconstruct historic paths of dispersal and help reveal how landscape evolution promoted modern diversity patterns.

Keywords: Amazon, BioGeoBEARS, Eastern Cordillera, historical biogeography, Ostariophysi



Time-calibrated phylogeny and ancestral range evolution of Prochilodontidae estimated by BEAST and BioGeoBEARS.


Photos by A. Nobile (Prochilodus lineatus), B. Melo (Semaprochilodus insignis, P. nigricans1, P. rubrotaeniatus2), J. García-Melo (Ichthyoelephas longirostris), M. Sabaj (S. varii, P. magdalenae, P. nigricans2) and R. Castro (P. vimboides).


 

Benjamin W. Frable, Bruno F. Melo, João P. Fontenelle, Claudio Oliveira and Brian L. Sidlauskas. 2022. Biogeographic Reconstruction of the Migratory Neotropical Fish Family Prochilodontidae (Teleostei: Characiformes). Zoologica Scripta. DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12531 
  twitter.com/JPF_ishes/status/1502330451972796424

==========================

Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters/IEF-1176/pp. 1-11 Published 22 April 2022 LSID: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:88733E63-E35C-4173-96EC-9A1501116517 DOI: http://doi.org/10.23788/IEF-1176

Hypostomus fuscomaculatus (Teleostei: Loricariidae), a new armored catfish from the upper Rio Paraguay basin, Brazil

Cláudio Henrique Zawadzki* and Hugmar Pains da Silva** Since 1996, in field monitoring for the construction of the Manso Reservoir in the Rio Manso basin, a peculiar black-blotched morphotype of Hypostomus was found that differed from several congeners from the region. This species is already used to aquarium trade being labeled Hypostomus sp. L233. The aim of the present work is to describe L233 as a new species to science, Hypostomus fuscomaculatus. The new species is distinguished from congeners by having conspicuous, large (usually larger than eye diameter) and widely spaced black blotches on living specimens. In preserved specimens, the blotches usually fade to brown but keep still evident for a long time under proper fixation and storage. Other important diagnostic traits are the flattened head, large eyes, absence of keels on lateral series of plates, robust and moderate number of teeth, and plates covering most part of abdominal region. Introduction Loricariidae, with about 1020 valid species (Reis et al., 2003; Fricke et al., 2022), represents one of the largest fish families in the world. Six subfamilies of Loricariidae are currently recognized: Delturinae, Hypoptopomatinae, Hypostominae, Lithogeninae, Loricariinae, and Rhinelepinae (Reis et al., 2006; Chiachio et al., 2008; Lujan et al., 2015). The subfamily Hypostominae was surveyed by Lujan et al. (2015), who found Hypostomini nested within Ancistrini. Queiroz et al. (2020) in a multilocus phylogeny of Hypostomus confirmed the monophyly of the genus retrieving four wellsupported main lineages: H. auroguttatus, Hypostomus cochliodon, H. hemiurus, H. nematopterus, and H. plecostomus super-groups. Hypostomus with about 140 species (Zawadzki et al., 2019), is the most species-rich genus of this group and it is one of the largest genera in the Neotropical region. Species of Hypostomus occur almost everywhere in tropical East Andean and southern temperate regions of South America colonizing nearly any aquatic habitat, although preferring running waters (Montoya-Burgos, 2003). * Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Av. Colombo – 5790, Bl. G90 – s. 18B, 87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. E-mail: chzawadzki@hotmail.com (corresponding author) ** Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia. Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa – 2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, 78060-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters – ISSN 0936-9902 (print) © 2022 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany www.pfeil-verlag.de

==========================

Aetomylaeus wafickii • Resolution of the Aetomylaeus nichofii Species Complex (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae), with the Description of A New Eagle Ray Species from the northwest Indian Ocean and A Key to the Genus Aetomylaeus


Aetomylaeus wafickii
Jabado, Ebert & Al Dhaheri, 2022

Wafic’s Eagle Ray | لخمت وفيق   ||  DOI: 10.1007/s12526-021-01234-4

Abstract
 In recent years, the eagle ray family Myliobatidae has undergone major taxonomic revisions due to molecular and morphological findings. A new species of eagle ray, Aetomylaeus wafickii sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected from the Arabian Gulf, Northwest Indian Ocean. The new species externally most closely resembles A. caeruleofasciatus White, Last, & Baje, 2015 in White et al. 2016 and A. nichofii (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). It can be distinguished from these species by a combination of morphological and meristic characteristics including a higher number of transverse pale bluish to light grey bands on its dorsal surface (8–10 in Aetomylaeus wafickii sp. nov. vs 5–8 in A. caeruleofasciatus and A. nichofii), a higher number of tooth plate rows (13–15 vs 7), a shorter upper tooth plate width (3.1–4.3 vs 4.6–7.5%DW), and a shorter tail ((0.9–1.6) vs (1.4–1.8)) times disc width. Pelvic fin radial counts separate the new species from A. nichofii for males (14–16 vs 16–19) and females (16–19 vs 20–21). Geographically, it occurs from the southern Red Sea, eastwards to the Arabian Sea, and south to Sri Lanka, including in the Arabian Gulf. It appears to be frequently caught as bycatch in gillnets due to its habit of schooling, and is considered particularly susceptible to impacts from regional fisheries. Morphological and meristic findings complement prior molecular evidence documenting three species within the A. nichofii complex. A key to the genus Aetomylaeus is provided for the first time.

Keywords: Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranch, Batoid, United Arab Emirates, Arabian Gulf, New species



Aetomylaeus wafickii, sp. nov. 
Wafic’s Eagle Ray 
(Arabic name: Lukhmat Wafic – لخمت وفيق).

Etymology: The new species is named after Wafic Jabado, father of author Rima Jabado in recognition of his support for her work and the occasion of his 73rd birthday. The proposed common name is Wafic’s Eagle Ray.
 


Rima W. Jabado, David A. Ebert and Shaikha S. Al Dhaheri. 2022. Resolution of the Aetomylaeus nichofii Species Complex, with the Description of A New Eagle Ray Species from the northwest Indian Ocean and A Key to the Genus Aetomylaeus (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae). Marine Biodiversity. 52; 15. DOI: 10.1007/s12526-021-01234-4
Researchgate.net/publication/358537943_Resolution_of_the_Aetomylaeus_nichofii_species_complex 
  https://dubaigazette.com/ead-2/ 

​
The genus Pseudohemiodon (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in Ecuador, with the description of a new species

• FRANCISCO PROVENZANO-RIZZI+
• PABLO ARGÜELLO+
• RAMIRO BARRIGA-SALAZAR+

PISCESAMAZON RIVERBIODIVERSITYCATFISHESFRESHWATER FISHESSOUTH AMERICATAXONOMYSYSTEMATIC

• PDF(6M)

AbstractAt the Fish Collection of the Museo de la Escuela Politecnica Nacional (MEPN), Quito, the specimens of the genus Pseudohemiodon were revised and three species were identified. The three species inhabit the Amazon versant of Ecuador. Chronologically the species are: P. lamina (Günther 1868) originally described from Xeberos (Jeberos), Peru; P. apithanos Isbrücker & Nijssen 1978, originally described from the Conejo River, Putumayo River system, Ecuador, and a new species described herein. The new species was caught in the Aguarico River, Napo River system, and is represented by two small sized specimens. It is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: abdomen totally covered with small to medium-sized, irregularly shaped plates; absence of small plates, anterior to gill openings; eyes relatively small, and six to seven dark transverse bands, posterior to the dorsal-fin. Isbrücker & Nijssen (1978) indicate the presence of P. laticeps (Regan 1904) in Ecuador; however we didn’t find any specimen of this species. The specimens that could potentially be identified as P. laticeps are large sized specimens of P. apithanos. Some external morphological characters, morphometric and meristic data of analyzed specimens of P. apithanos and P. lamina are provided.

==========================

Glyptothorax yuensis, a new species of sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Myanmar

• BUNGDON SHANGNINGAM+
• LAISHRAM KOSYGIN+

PISCESSILURIFORMESGLYPTOTHORAXNEW SPECIESCHINDWIN-IRRAWADDYMYANMAR

• PDF(8M)

AbstractGlyptothorax yuensis, new species, is described from the Yu River, Sagaing division, Myanmar. It is characteristic in having a shallow adipose fin acutely incised at the posterior extremity of its base with an elongated pointed tip, adipose-fin base length 7.6–10.0 % SL; short nasal barbel, not extending to anterior margin of orbit; thoracic adhesive apparatus present with a conical-shaped median depression opening caudally, its length 11.7–13.0% SL and width 8.2–10.1% SL, anteromedial striae present; deep caudal peduncle, its depth 9.4–11.0 % SL; and two thin yellowish stripes on the body. A key to the species of the genus of Chindwin drainage is provided.


References

1. Anganthoibi, N. & Vishwanath, W. (2013) Glyptothorax pantherinus, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Noa Dehing River, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Ichthyological Research, 60, 172–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-012-0328-5
   Arunkumar, L. (2016) Glyptothorax pasighatensis, A new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) From Arunachal Pradesh, Northeastern India. International Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology, 4 (2), 179–185.
   Arunkumar, L. & Moyon, W.A. (2017) Glyptothorax chavomensis sp. nov. (Teleostei: Sisoridae) with its congeners from Manipur, North-Eastern India. International Journal of Zoology Studies, 2 (5), 242–254.
   Blyth, E. (1860) Report on some fishes received chiefly from the Sitang River and its tributary streams, Tenasserim Provinces. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 29 (2), 138–174.
   Darshan, A., Dutta, R., Kachari, A, Gogoi, B. & Das, D.N. (2015) Glyptothorax mibangi, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Tisa River, Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. Zootaxa, 3962 (1), 114–122. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.5
   Ferraris, C.J. & Britz, R. (2005) A diminutive new species of Glyptothorax (Siluriformes: Sisoridae) from the upper Irrawaddy River basin, Myanmar, with comments on sisorid and erethistid phylogenetic relationships. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 16,375–383.
   Hora, S.L. (1921) Fish and fisheries of Manipur with some observations on those of Naga Hills. Records of the Indian Museum, 22, 180–182. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.1473
   Javed, M.N., Kalsoom, S., Pervaiz, K., Mirza, M.R. & Azizullah (2013) Catfishes of the genus Glyptothorax Blyth (Pisces: Sisoridae) from Pakistan. Biologia, Pakistan, 59 (1), 69–83.
   Jiang, W., Ng, H.H., Yang, J. & Chen, X. (2011) Monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of the catfish genus Glyptothorax (Teleostei: Sisoridae) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61, 278–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.06.018
   Jiang, W., Ng, H.H., Yang, J. & Chen, X. (2012) A taxonomic review of the catfish identified as Glyptothorax zanaensis (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Sisoridae), with the descriptions of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 165, 363–389. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00811.x
   Kosygin, L., Singh, P. & Gurumayum, S.D. (2020) Glyptothorax giudikyensis, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Manipur, India. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, IEF-1136/, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.23788/IEF-1136
   Lalramliana & Vanlalhriata, R. (2010) First record of sisorid catfish Glyptothorax indicus Talwar, 1991 (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Mizoram, India. Science Vision, 10 (4), 137–142.
   Li, S.S. (1984) A study of the classification for the striped chest sisorids (Glyptothorax Blyth) in China. Journal of Yunnan University, 1984 (2), 75–89.
   Mo, T.P. & Chu, X.L. (1986) A revision of the sisorid catfish genus Glyptothorax from China. Zoological Research, 7 (4), 339–350.
   Ng, H.H. (2005) Glyptothorax botius (Hamilton, 1822), a valid species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from northeast India, with notes on the identity of G. telchitta (Hamilton, 1822). Zootaxa, 930 (1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.930.1.1
   Ng, H.H. & Dodson, J.J. (1999) Morphological and genetic descriptions of a new species of catfish, Hemibagrus chrysops, from Sarawak, east Malaysia, with an assessment of phylogenetic relationships (Teleostei: Bagridae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 47, 45–57.
   Ng, H.H., Jiang, W.S. & Chen, X.Y. (2012) Glyptothorax lanceatus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southwestern China. Zootaxa, 3250 (1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3250.1.4
   Ng, H.H.& Kottelat, M (2008) Glyptothorax rugimentum, a new species of catfish from Myanmar and Western Thailand (Teleostei: Sisoridae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56 (1), 129–134.
   Ng, H.H. & Kullander, S.O. (2013) Glyptothorax igniculus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from Myanmar. Zootaxa, 3681, 552–562. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3681.5.4
   Ng, H.H. & Kullander, S.O. (2013) Glyptothorax igniculus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from Myanmar. Zootaxa, 3681 (5), 552–562. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3681.5.4
   Ng, H.H. & Lalramliana (2012) Glyptothorax maceriatus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes) from north-eastern India. Zootaxa, 3416 (1), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3416.1.4
   Ng, H.H. & Lalramliana (2013) Glyptothorax radiolus, a new species of sisorid catfish (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) from northeastern India, with a redescription of G. striatus McClelland 1842. Zootaxa, 3682 (4), 501–512. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3682.4.1
   Ng, H.H. & Rachmatika, I. (2005) Glyptothorax exodon, a new species of rheophilic catfish from Borneo (Teleostei: Sisoridae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 53 (2), 251–255.
   Prashad, B. & Mukerji, D.D. (1929) The fish of the Indawgyi Lake and the streams of the Myitkyina District (Upper Burma). Records of the Indian Museum, 31 (3), 161–223.
   Premananda, N., Kosygin, L. & Saidullah, B. (2015) Glyptothorax senapatiensis, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Manipur, India. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 25 (4), 323–329. https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.1443.2617-26
   Roberts, T.R. (1994) Systematic revision of Asian bagrid catfishes of the genus Mystus sensu stricto, with a new species from Thailand and Cambodia. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 5, 241–256.
   Vishwanath, W. & Linthoingambi, I. (2006) A new sisorid catfish of the genus Glyptothorax Blyth from Manipur, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 102 (2), 201–203.
   Vishwanath, W. & Linthoingambi, I. (2007) Fishes of the genus Glyptothorax Blyth (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Manipur, India, with description of three new species. Zoos’ Print Journal, 22 (3), 2617–2626.

More on the new Haplochromis  species from Lake Edward

Haplochromis aquila, H. kimondo, H. rex, H. simba, etc. • From A Pair to A Dozen: The Piscivorous Species of Haplochromis (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward System


Haplochromis rex, H. aquila,  
Haplochromis simba, H. kimondo, 
Haplochromis glaucus, H. falcatus,  
Vranken, Van Steenberge, Heylen, Decru & Snoeks, 2022

DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.815.1749 
 twitter.com/Phinnochromis 

ABSTRACT
Piscivory is a common trophic niche among cichlids of the East African Great Lakes, including Lakes Edward and George. From these two lakes, we examined the taxonomic diversity of cichlid species with a piscivorous morphology. Prior to this study, two piscivorous species were formally described, Haplochromis squamipinnis and H. mentatus. We redescribe both species and describe an additional ten new species of Haplochromis with a piscivorous morphology: H. latifrons sp. nov., H. rex sp. nov., H. simba sp. nov., H. glaucus sp. nov., H. aquila sp. nov., H. kimondo sp. nov., H. falcatus sp. nov., H. curvidens sp. nov., H. pardus sp. nov., and H. quasimodo sp. nov. All twelve species differ in dominant male colour pattern (unknown for H. latifrons sp. nov. and H. curvidens sp. nov.) and morphological traits. The species can be divided into two morphological groups: the macrodontic piscivores and the microdontic piscivores. This division potentially reflects an ecological differentiation in habitat use, hunting technique, prey species, and prey size. We conclude that some 12–20% of the species from the cichlid assemblage of Lake Edward have a piscivorous morphology.

Keywords: Adaptive radiation, haplochromines, Harpagochromis, Prognathochromis, new species


Phylum Chordata Haeckel, 1874
Class Actinopterygii Klein, 1885
Order Cichliformes Betancur-R et al., 2013

Family Cichlidae Bonaparte, 1840
Subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae Fowler, 1934
Tribe Haplochromini Poll, 1986

Genus Haplochromis Hilgendorf, 1888
Haplochromis Hilgendorf, 1888: 76 
(as a subgenus of Chromis Cuvier, 1814).

Haplochromis mentatus Regan, 1925

Etymology: Specific name not explained in original description, probably derived from the Latin ‘mentum’ for ‘chin’; probably referring to the protruding lower jaw (i.e., projecting lower jaw sensu Regan 1925).

Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921

Etymology: Specific name not explained in original description, from the Latin ‘squamus’ for ‘scale’, and ‘pinnis’ for ‘fin’; probably referring to minute scales on basal parts of dorsal and anal fins.


Haplochromis latifrons sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from Latin ‘latus’ for ‘wide’ and ‘frons’ for ‘forehead’; referring to very broad interorbital area for a piscivorous species.

Haplochromis rex sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from the Latin ‘rex’ for ‘king’ (one that holds a preeminent position); referring to very small eyes, deep cheeks, and strong jaws set with large and acute teeth indicating this piscivore has most specialised morphology among all piscivores from the Lake Edward system to hunt on large prey (Barel et al. 1977).

Haplochromis simba sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from Swahili ‘simba’ for ‘lion’; referring to yellow body, orange cheeks that resemble manes, and predatory morphology.

Haplochromis glaucus sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from the Latin ‘glaucus’ for ‘greyish blue’; referring to grey and light-blue colour pattern of all adult specimens.


Haplochromis aquila sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from the Latin ‘aquila’ for ‘eagle’; referring to predatory morphology and large eyes.



Haplochromis kimondo sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from the Swahili ‘kimondo’ for ‘meteor’; referring to blunt head, pyriform body with mid-lateral band, and yellow colouration of ventral part of body.

Haplochromis falcatus sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from the Latin ‘falcatus’ for ‘sickle-shaped’; referring to acutely pointed sickle-like outer oral teeth.



Haplochromis rex sp. nov. a. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Holotype, a dominant male. d. A female (RMCA 2017.006.P.0355; 135.7 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns.  
Haplochromis simba sp. nov. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2016.035.P.0224; 97.9 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2018.008.P.0348; 109.0 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns.  
Haplochromis glaucus sp. nov. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male,  the  holotype.  d.  Female  (RMCA  2019.002.P.0017;  102.1  mm  SL)  to  illustrate  the  live  colour  patterns.  

Haplochromis aquila sp. nov. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male,  the  holotype.  d.  Female  (RMCA  2018.008.P.0352;  108.7  mm  SL)  to  illustrate  the  live  colour  patterns.  
Haplochromis kimondo sp. nov. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Holotype, a dominant male. d. Female (RMCA 2018.008.P.0364; 128.1 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns.  
Haplochromis falcatus sp. nov. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2017.006.P.0416; 119.1 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2016.035.P.0257; 112.8 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns.

Haplochromis curvidens sp. nov. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Holotype, an adult male. d. Female (RMCA 2018.008.P.0340); 90.2 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns.
Haplochromis quasimodo sp. nov. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2018.008.P(HP3072); 123.7 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2018.008.P(HP3064); 116.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns.
Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan,  1921. c–d. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c.  Dominant  male  (RMCA  2016.035.P.0250;  169.7  mm  SL).  d.  Female  (RMCA  2016.035.P(HP823);  129.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns. 
 The contrast was slightly enhanced.

Haplochromis curvidens sp. nov. 

Etymology: Specific name from the Latin ‘curvus’ for ‘curvature’, and ‘dentatus’ for ‘tooth’; referring to strongly recurved oral teeth.

Haplochromis pardus sp. nov.

EtymologySpecific name from the Latin ‘pardus’ for ‘leopard’; referring to nearly uniform black to yellow-pink flanks with clear black blotches, i.e., interrupted horizontal and vertical stripes.

Haplochromis quasimodo sp. nov.

Etymology: Specific name from Quasimodo, hunchbacked character in Victor Hugo’s novel ‘Notre-Dame de Paris’ (1831); referring to rather shallow head and deep and rhomboid bodies of large specimens.


Nathan Vranken, Maarten Van Steenberge, Annelies Heylen, Eva Decru and Jos Snoeks. 2022. From A Pair to A Dozen: The Piscivorous Species of Haplochromis (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward System. European Journal of Taxonomy. 815(1), 1-94. DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.815.1749
  twitter.com/Phinnochromis/status/1517159969623207945

==========================

From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of Haplochromis (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward systemABSTRACTPiscivory is a common trophic niche among cichlids of the East African Great Lakes, including Lakes Edward and George. From these two lakes, we examined the taxonomic diversity of cichlid species with a piscivorous morphology. Prior to this study, two piscivorous species were formally described, Haplochromis squamipinnis and H. mentatus. We redescribe both species and describe an additional ten new species of Haplochromis with a piscivorous morphology: H. latifrons sp. nov., H. rex sp. nov., H. simba sp. nov., H. glaucus sp. nov., H. aquila sp. nov., H. kimondo sp. nov., H. falcatus sp. nov., H. curvidens sp. nov., H. pardus sp. nov., and H. quasimodo sp. nov. All twelve species differ in dominant male colour pattern (unknown for H. latifrons sp. nov. and H. curvidens sp. nov.) and morphological traits. The species can be divided into two morphological groups: the macrodontic piscivores and the microdontic piscivores. This division potentially reflects an ecological differentiation in habitat use, hunting technique, prey species, and prey size. We conclude that some 12–20% of the species from the cichlid assemblage of Lake Edward have a piscivorous morphology.


Full paper as a PDF at:- europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/view/1749/6615

==========================

.

Astyanax varii • A New Species of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio de Contas basin, Bahia, Brazil


 Astyanax varii
Zanata, Burger, Vita & Camelier, 2019

DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20190061 

ABSTRACT
A new species of Astyanax from tributaries of the rio de Contas, Bahia, Brazil, is described. The new species differs from congeners by having three horizontal series of scales from lateral line to pelvic-fin origin and the distal margin of third infraorbital distinctly separated from vertical and horizontal limbs of preopercle, leaving a broad area not covered by superficial bones. The new species further differs from most congeners by the presence of bony hooks on all fins of mature males. Particularly from congeners occurring in rivers of the Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion, it further differs by having the highest body depth just anterior to the dorsal-fin origin, 34-37 pored lateral line scales, a vertically elongated conspicuous dark humeral blotch reaching below the lateral line and a conspicuous dark wide midlateral stripe extending from the clear area on the rear of the humeral blotch to the end of middle caudal-fin rays and forming an inconspicuous blotch on caudal peduncle.

Keywords: Endemism; Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion; Sexual dimorphism; Taxonomy



 Astyanax varii, Brazil, Bahia State:
(a) MZUSP 121062, holotype, 41.4 mm SL,Ubaitaba, lower rio de Contas basin, rio Coricó;
(b) live paratype, not catalogued.
 

Astyanax varii, new species

Astyanax sp. 6.-Camelier, Zanata (2014):686, tab. 1 [listed; species from the Northeastern Mata Atlântica freshwater ecoregion].
Astyanax sp.-Barreto et al. (2018): 1158 [citation; co-occurence with Nematocharax varii].

Diagnosis. Astyanax varii can be distinguished from most congeners, except A. brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba, A. brucutu, A. cremnobates Bertaco & Malabarba, A. epiagos, A. eremus Ingenito & Duboc, A. gymnogenys Eigenmann, A. rupestris Zanata, Burger & Camelier, A. taeniatus (Jenyns), A. totae Haluch & Abilhoa, and A. varzeae Abilhoa & Duboc, by having the distal margin of third infraorbital distinctly separated from vertical and horizontal limbs of preopercle (Fig. 2), leaving a broad area without superficial bones (vs. margins of the third infraorbital close to the limbs of preopercle, with narrow or no space between the two bones). The new species differs from the aforementioned species by having three horizontal series of scales from the lateral line to the pelvic-fin origin (vs. four or more series of scales) and by having small bony hooks on all fins of mature males (vs. bony hooks absent or not present on all fins of mature males). Astyanax varii also differs from the species listed above by having highest body depth approximately at vertical through dorsal-fin origin (vs. body deepest on a vertical through middle or posterior portion of pectoral fin in A. brachypterygium, A. cremnobates, A. epiagos, A. eremus, A. gymnogenys, A. rupestris, A. totae, and A. varzeae), five horizontal series of scales from the dorsal-fin origin to the lateral line (vs. six or more in A. brachypterygium, A. brucutu, A. cremnobates, A. eremus, A. rupestris, A. totae, A. taeniatus, and A. varzeae), 14 horizontal scale rows around caudal peduncle (vs. 15 or more in A. brachypterygium, A. eremus, A. gymnogenys, and A. totae), and 34-37 pored lateral line scales (vs. 38 or more in A. eremus, A. gymnogenys, and A. taeniatus).

Etymology. The specific name varii is in honor to the ichthyologist Richard P. Vari for his friendship, mentoring, and outstanding contribution to the systematic of South American freshwater fishes.
 

Angela Maria Zanata, Rafael Burger, eorge Vita and Priscila Camelier. 2019. A New Species of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio de Contas basin, Bahia, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology. 17(3) DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20190061 

Vanmanenia marmorata • A New Species of Loach (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae) from the middle Chang-Jiang Basin in Guizhou Province, south China


Vanmanenia marmorata 
Deng & Zhang, 2021

DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e72432

Abstract
Background: 
The gastromyzontid genus Vanmanenia was established by Hora in 1932, based on the type species Vanmanenia stenosoma. The genus is a loach group adapted to running waters of streams from southern China, northern Vietnam and Laos. Currently, 19 valid species of the genus have been recognised. The northernmost distribution of the genus is the Yangtze River (= Chang-Jiang in Chinese) Basin and five species (V. maculata, V. intermedia, V. stenosoma, V. pseudostriata and V. gymnetrus) have been reported from the Basin.
New information: 
Vanmanenia marmorata, a new hillstream species of loach, is here described from the middle Chang-Jiang Basin in Guizhou Province, south China. It is distinguished from its congeners by having a combination of the following characters: three triangular-shaped rostral lobules; postdorsal saddles wider than interspaces; a more backwards-placed anus (the vent to anal distance 30.5–36.9% of the pelvic to anal distance); a larger gill opening with its upper extremity reaching the level of the middle of the orbit; anal-fin base length 5.6–6.4% of SL; caudal-peduncle length 11.6–12.9% of SL; prepelvic length 51.1–53.4% of SL. Its validity is also affirmed by its distinct cyt b gene sequence divergence with all sampled congeners and its monophyly recovered in a cyt b gene-based phylogenetic analysis.

Keywords: freshwater fish, new taxon, morphology, cyt b gene, phylogenetic analysis


Vanmanenia marmorata, IHB2017060069, holotype, 68.8 mm SL;
Guizhou Province: Jiangkou County.
Lateral (a),dorsal (b) and ventral(c) views of body.

Vanmanenia marmorata Deng & Zhang 2021, sp. n.

Diagnosis: Vanmanenia marmorata resembles the four species (V. caldwelli, V. maculata, V. intermedia and V. stenosoma) in having three triangular-shaped rostral lobules whose apical portions are in the barbel-like form, but not modified into secondary rostral barbels. It is distinct from these species in having postdorsal dark black saddles wider (vs. narrower) than their interspaces, further from V. caldwelli in having no longitudinal black stripe extending from the snout tip to the caudal-fin base along the lateral line on flank (vs. present) and a more backwards-placed anus [the vent to anal distance 30.5–36.9% (mean 34.6) vs. 60.0–70.3% (mean 68.5) of the pelvic to anal distance]; from V. maculata in having a dark black vermiculated mark (vs. large brown blotch; see Yi et al. 2014: Page 90, fig. 2) on the submargin of the gill cover and a more backwards-positioned anus [the vent to anal distance 30.5–36.9% (average 34.6) vs. 36.4–48.4% (average 43.0) of the pelvic to anal distance] (see Table 3); and from V. intermedia in having a larger gill opening with its upper extremity reaching the level of the middle of the orbit (vs. smaller, closer to the level of the lower margin of the orbit; see Deng and Zhang 2020 : Page 117: fig. 2), a shorter (vs. longer) anal-fin base [length 5.6–6.4 (mean 6.0) vs. 7.5–9.5 (mean 8.3) % of SL) and a longer (vs. shorter) caudal peduncle [length 11.6–12.9 (average 12.0) vs. 8.4–11.1 (average 9.9) % of SL]; and from V. stenosoma in having a longer (vs. shorter) caudal peduncle [length 11.6–12.9 (mean 12.0) vs. 9.0–11.1 (mean 10.0) % of SL] and a more forwards-positioned pelvic fin [prepelvic length 51.1–53.4 (mean 51.7) vs. 54.7–59.2 (mean 57.2) % SL].

Etymology: The specific epithet is from the Latin word marmor referring to the unique body colouration of irregular marbled markings.

Distribution: This new species is presently known from the upper reaches of the Chen-Shui, a stream tributary to the Yuan-Jiang of the Dongting Lake system in the middle Chang-Jiang Basin, at Jiangkou County, Guizhou Province, south China (Fig. 3). It inhabits fast-flowing waters with a gravelly and pebbly substrate (Fig. 4). Co-existing species are Discogobio yunnanensis (Regan, 1907), Onychostoma barbatum (Lin, 1931) and Rhinogobius cliffordpopei (Nichols, 1925).
 

 Shuqing Deng and E. Zhang. 2021. Vanmanenia marmorata, A New Species of Loach (Teleostei: Gastromyzontidae) from the middle Chang-Jiang Basin in Guizhou Province, south China. Biodiversity Data Journal. 9: e72432. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e72432

==========================

Revalidation of the Genus Ichthyocoris Bonaparte, 1840 (Blenniiformes: Blenniidae)


(A) Ichthyocoris atlantica, Morocco, Ouerrha River;
(B) I. economidisi, Greece, Lake Trichonis; 
(C) I. fluviatilis, Spain, Jerea River (Ebro drainage).


in Duquenne-Delobel, Doadrio & Denys, 2022. 
DOI: 10.3897/aiep.52.79458
 (photos: I. Doadrio & R. Covain) 

Abstract
Combtooth blennies belonging to the genus Salaria were known to have marine and freshwater species. However, recent molecular studies highlighted this genus as paraphyletic, clearly distinguishing both marine and freshwater species. In this paper, we revalidate the genus Ichthyocoris, which corresponds to the freshwater species: Ichthyocoris atlantica (Doadrio, Perea et Yahyaoui, 2011), new combination, Ichthyocoris economidisi (Kottelat, 2004), new combination, and Ichthyocoris fluviatilis (Asso y del Rio, 1801), new combination. It is distinguishable by the presence of brownish bars on the flanks not contrasted with black dots conferring a marble coat, a dorsal fin slightly notched between spined and soft rays (except for I. atlantica), 16–18 dorsal-fin soft rays, 16–20 anal-fin soft rays, 34–38 vertebrae, 8–9 circumorbital pores, 8–11 preopercular pores, and 3 supratemporal pores. The genus Salaria corresponds to the marine species Salaria basilisca (Valenciennes, 1836) and Salaria pavo (Risso, 1810).

Keywords: combtooth blennies, generic concept, integrative taxonomy, Salaria


Lateral view of Ichthyocoris spp.:
 I. atlantica, MNCN 280135, 61 mm SL, Morocco, Ouerrha River (Sebou drainage) at Ouazzane
(A; photo credits: I. Doadrio); 
I. economidisi, MHNG 2641.89, holotype, 60.8 mm SL, Greece, Lake Trichonis east of Panetolio
(B; photo credits: R. Covain);
I. fluviatilis, 89 mm SL, Spain, Jerea River (Ebro drainage) at Virués
(C; photo credits: I. Doadrio).

Family Blenniidae

 Ichthyocoris Bonaparte, 1840 
Type species: Salarias varus Risso, 1827.

Synonyms: Salariopsis Vecchioni, Ching, Marrone, Arculeo, Hundt et Simons, 2022 

Included species: 
Three species: 
Ichthyocoris atlantica (Doadrio, Perea et Yahyaoui, 2011), new combination; 
Ichthyocoris economidisi (Kottelat, 2004), new combination; 
Ichthyocoris fluviatilis (Asso y del Rio, 1801), new combination.

Diagnosis: Ichthyocoris is distinguishable from Salaria by the presence of brownish bars on the flanks not contrasted with black dots conferring a marble coat (Fig. 1) (vs. brownish bars on the flanks very contrasted with blue stripes and dots conferring a marbled coat; Fig. 2); dorsal-fin slightly notched between spined and soft rays (Fig. 1) except for I. atlantica (vs. not notched; Fig. 2); 16–18 dorsal-fin soft rays (vs. 21–27); 16–20 anal-fin soft rays (vs. 20–28); 34–38 vertebrae (vs. 38–44); 8–9 circumorbital pores (vs. 6–7); 8–11 preopercular pores (vs. 6–8); 3 supratemporal pores (vs. 2) (Table 1).

Distribution: Ichthyocoris is present in drainages of the Mediterranean basin, in catchments of the Atlantic coast in Morocco and Spain as well as in the Black Sea.


 Emma Duquenne-Delobel, Ignacio Doadrio and Gaël P. J. Denys. 2022. Revalidation of the Genus Ichthyocoris Bonaparte, 1840 (Actinopterygii: Blenniiformes: Blenniidae). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria. 52(1): 35-41. DOI: 10.3897/aiep.52.79458

==========================

Guigarra cailaoensis sp. nov., a new genus and species of Labeoninae, was collected from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. It differs from all other genera within Labeoninae by a unique combination of the following characters: (1) rostral cap smooth with posterior margin slightly serrated; (2) upper lip well developed and covering most of upper jaw; (3) gular disc present with crescentic torus, not forming horseshoe shape; (4) boundaries of torus, labrum, and pulvinus on gular disc inconspicuous; (5) posterior edge of labrum free, without notch. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of three gene datasets indicated that the new genus formed a monophyletic clade and was closely related to Discogobio and Discocheilus. Both morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses indicated that Guigarra cailaoensis sp. nov. differs from all known labeonin genera and is thus described here as a new genus and species.
Labeoninae is one of the most diverse subfamilies of Cyprinidae, comprising about 40 genera and 400 species, widely distributed from Asia to Africa (Yao et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2000). Most fish in this subfamily are specifically adapted to fast-flowing freshwater (Zhang et al., 2000), and therefore present highly divergent oromandibular structures, which are important for genus identification (Zhang et al., 2000; Zheng et al., 2012). To better understand its phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status, various studies on Labeoninae morphology and molecular phylogeny have been conducted, verifying its monophyly (Chen et al., 1984; Stiassny & Getahun, 2007; Tang et al., 2009; Yang & Mayden, 2010; Yang et al., 2012, Zheng et al., 2010; 2012; 2016). The phylogenetic relationships have been further clarified with increasing species sampled, Yang et al. (2012) dividing Labeoninae into four major clades. Subsequent studies on character evolution of Labeoninae based on molecular phylogeny have indicated that the oromandibular structures evolved in parallel several times (Zheng et al., 2012). As shown from molecular phylogeny, although morphological characters, especially oromandibular structures, cannot reflect genetic relationships, they can distinguish genera and species. (Zheng et al., 2012, 2016).
In the past few years, new freshwater fish species have been consistently described from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in China, such as Lanlabeo duanensis (Yao et al., 2018). Recently, new specimens of Labeoninae with unique morphological characters were collected in this area. Both morphology and molecular phylogeny indicated that these specimens represented an undescribed genus and species, named Guigarra cailaoensis sp. nov., which is described herein.
Further details are provided in the Supplementary Materials and Methods. Counts and measurements followed Kottelat (2001), with some adjustments. Three genes (COI, cyt b, and Rag 1) were used to construct the phylogenetic tree in this study.

==========================

DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5128.1.2
PUBLISHED: 2022-04-19
Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)

• BÉLA NAGY+
• BRIAN R. WATTERS+

PISCESKENYA'LACUSTRICOLA' CENTRALISLACUSTRICOLA PUMILUSLAKE VICTORIA ECOREGIONTANZANIATAXONOMYUGANDA

• PDF(8M)

AbstractLacustricola margaritatus, a new species inhabiting small streams and swamps in the Lake Victoria basin in north-western Tanzania and southern Uganda, and the Lake Kyoga basin in central Uganda, is described. Lacustricola margaritatus is a small species with a moderately deep body, moderate dimorphism and pronounced dichromatism. It is distinguished from all other Procatopodidae by the following unique combination of characters: live male body colour pattern with vertically-elongated iridescent light blue patches at scale centres, forming a striped appearance of dotted longitudinal lines on the flanks, particularly evident in the two or three series below the mid-longitudinal line; male having deeply coloured unpaired fins with orange-brown in the proximal and median parts and a narrow black distal band; male with a yellow base along the pectoral fin; female with dark grey scale margins and dark grey patches on scales along mid-longitudinal series creating a narrow dark grey stripe; both sexes showing inconspicuous postopercular blotch; and in both sexes, the cephalic sensory system is entirely situated in open grooves at all levels. The new species has previously often been misidentified as L. pumilus, originally described as inhabiting the Lake Tanganyika basin in north-eastern Zambia, or 'L.' centralis, from the Lake Rukwa basin in south-western Tanzania. Lacustricola margaritatus differs from the above two species by morphometric and meristic characters, body and fin colouration, and in arrangement of the cephalic sensory system.

==========================

Percina freemanorum • A New Species of Bridled Darter (Percidae: Etheostomatinae: Percina) Endemic to the Etowah River System in Georgia


 Percina freemanorum Near & Dinkins,  

in Near, MacGuigan, Boring, Simmons, ... et Dinkins, 2021
Etowah Bridled Darter || DOI: 10.3374/014.062.0102
 
Abstract
Percina freemanorum, the Etowah Bridled Darter, is described as a new species endemic to the Etowah River system in Georgia, specifically in Long Swamp Creek, Amicalola Creek, and the upper portion of the Etowah River. The earliest collection records for Percina freemanorum date to 1948 and in 2007 the species was delimited as populations of Percina kusha. Our investigation into the systematics of Percina kusha is motivated by the uncertain status of populations in the Coosawattee River system and observed morphological disparity in several meristic traits between populations in the Conasauga and Etowah River systems. Our analyses of morphological divergence, nuclear genotypes, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype networks confirm the distinctiveness of Percina freemanorum. Morphologically, Percina freemanorum is distinguished from Percina kusha through lower average numbers of lateral line scales (65.4 vs. 72.3); rows of transverse scales (18.0 vs. 21.4); scales around the caudal peduncle (22.1 vs. 24.9); and modally more pectoral fin rays (14 vs. 13). The two species are not reciprocally monophyletic in phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA sequences, but the two species do not share mtDNA haplotypes. Analysis of up to 158,000 double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing loci resolve each of the two species as reciprocally monophyletic and genomic clustering analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms identifies two genetic clusters that correspond to the morphologically delimited Percina freemanorum and Percina kusha.

KEYWORDS: Teleostei, species delimitation, ddRAD, phylogeography



Live holotype and allotype specimens of Percina freemanorum. Both specimens collected from Amicalola Creek, Dawson County, Georgia, USA, April 2020.
A. holotype, YPM ICH 034382, 68.0 mm standard length (SL) male.
B. allotype, YPM ICH 034383, 65.5 mm SL female.
Photographs by Georgia Department of Natural Resources.
Percina freemanorum Near & Dinkins 
Etowah Bridled Darter

 Percina freemanorum type locality: Dawson County, Georgia, USA.
 A. Amicalola Creek; B. Underwater, Amicalola Creek.
Photographs by Georgia Department of Natural Resources.


Etymology. Percina freemanorum is named in honor of Mary C. Freeman and Byron (Bud) J. Freeman, who have made substantial contributions to the study of freshwater fishes in the southeastern United States. In particular, their work has shed light on and significantly aided in the conservation ofthe biodiverse rich Etowah Riversystem.
 
  
Thomas J. Near, Daniel J. MacGuigan, Emily L. Boring, Jeffrey W. Simmons, Brett Albanese, Benjamin P. Keck, Richard C. Harrington and Gerald R. Dinkins. 2021. A New Species of Bridled Darter Endemic to the Etowah River System in Georgia (Percidae: Etheostomatinae: Percina). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 62(1); 15-42. DOI: 10.3374/014.062.0102
https://news.uga.edu/new-fish-species-named-for-uga-ecologists/
https://mcclungmuseum.utk.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/78/2021/04/Near_et_al2021.pdf
Researchgate.net/publication/350558911_A_New_Species_of_Percina_Endemic_to_the_Etowah_River_System_in_Georgia

Review of the armoured catfish genus Hypostomus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Parnaíba River basin, Northeastern Brazil, with description of a new species

Silvia Yasmin Lustosa-CostaTelton Pedro Anselmo RamosCláudio Henrique ZawadzkiSergio Maia Queiroz LimaABOUT THE AUTHORS

•  Abstract
•  Resumo
•  Text
  • INTRODUCTION
  • MATERIAL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION
•  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
•  REFERENCES
•  ADDITIONAL NOTES
•  Publication Dates
•  History

AbstractThe species of Hypostomus from the Parnaíba River basin were reviewed through molecular and morphological analysis. Five species were found in the basin, including a new species herein described. The distribution of H. pusarum was expanded to this basin, and a closely related species was recorded (H. aff. pusarum), also the presence of H. johnii and H. vaillanti was confirmed. The new species is distinguished from most congeners by its large number of premaxillary and dentary teeth, a wide dental angle of 115° to 135°, presence of a rounded dark spots on a lighter background and anteromedial region of the abdomen depleted of plaques (vs. anteromedial region of the abdomen covered by platelets and odontodes in H. johnii, H. pusarum, H. aff. pusarum and H. vaillanti). Furthermore, an identification key of the species from the Maranhão-Piauí ecoregion and maps with the geographic distribution of these species are presented. The species of Hypostomus in the Parnaíba River basin have different geographic distributions, suggesting different niches or geographical barriers, providing an opportunity for ecological and evolutionary studies.

www.scielo.br/j/ni/a/8QdZZxdjvMLzT5ctZW7SKyz/

==========================

Congochromis rotundiceps sp. nov., a new cichlid species (Actinopterygii: Cichlidae) from the Congo Drainage

• NADINE USIMESA WINGI+
• FREDERIC D.B SCHEDEL+
• ULRICH KURT SCHLIEWEN+

PISCESCONGOCHROMISNEW SPECIESCENTRAL CONGO BASINMALEBO POOL

• PDF(2M)

AbstractA new dwarf cichlid, Congochromis rotundiceps sp. nov., (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) is described from the central Congo basin. It is a species of Congochromis based on the following characters: (1) four pores in the dentary laterosensory canal; (2) absence of a laterosensory canal in the angulo-articular, (3) six pores in the preopercle laterosensory canal; (4) a single tubular infraorbital bone behind the lachrymal; (5) 12 circumpeduncular scales; (6) jaw teeth comparatively robust, unicuspids, not closely spaced; and (7) presence of a small, supraneural bone. Congochromis rotundiceps sp. nov. is distinguished from all other Congochromis species by the combination of the following characters: (1) a larger eye diameter (31.4–35.1% HL), (2) a shorter snout length (29.8–32.7% HL), (3) a shorter upper lip length (29.2–32.0% HL), (4) a shorter lower lip length (26.2–33.6% HL), (5) a shorter lower lip width (27.7–31.2% HL), and (6) a shorter anal-fin length (15.3–16.97% SL). Diagnostic characters were extracted mainly from meristic counts and distance measurements from 326 chromidotilapiine cichlid specimens representing all chromidotilapiine genera and 40 described or undescribed species. The analysis of the complete meristic and distance measurements database allowed the diagnosis of C. rotundiceps sp. nov., but not for diagnostic separation of many other chromidotilapiine genera, species, and lineages. This result highlights the necessity to explore additional characters to elucidate chromidotilapiine cichlid taxonomy further. 


References

1. Bookstein, F., Chernoff, B., Elder, R., Humphries, J., Smith G. & Strauss, R. (1985) Morphometrics in evolutionary biology. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 277 pp.
   Boulenger, G. (1898) A revision of the African and Syrian fishes of the family Cichlidae. Part I. Proceedings Zoological Society of London, 1898 (pt 2), 132–152, pl. 19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1898.tb03136.x
   Boulenger, G. (1899) Matériaux pour la faune du Congo. Poissons nouveaux du Congo. Troisième Partie. Silures, Acanthoptérygiens, Mastacembles, Plectognathes. Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoology), (1/3), 39-58, pls. 20–29.
   Boulenger, G. (1902) Contributions to the ichthyology of the Congo. II. On a collection of fishes from the Lindi River. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1902, 1 (pt 1), 265–271, pls. 28–30.
   Daget, J. (1988) Thysochromis nom. nov. en remplacement de Thysia (Pisces, Cichlidae). Cybium, 12 (1), 97.
   Greenwood, P. (1987) The genera of pelmatochromine fishes (Teleostei, Cichlidae). A phylogenetic review. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 53, 139–203.
   Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. & Ryan, P. (2001) PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4 (1), 1–9.
   Kocher, T. (2004) Adaptative evolution and explosive speciation: The cichlid fish model. Nature Reviews Genetics, 5, 288–298. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg1316
   Lamboj, A. (1999) Cichlids of the biospere reservation of Dimonika (Mayombe, Congo) with description of two new Chromidotilapia species (Teleostei, Perciformes). Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ichthyologie, 1, 139–156.
   Lamboj, A. & Snoeks, J. (2000) Divandu albimarginatus, a new genus and species of cichlid (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Congo and Gabon, Central Africa. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 11 (4), 355–360.
   Lamboj, A. (2003) Chromidotilapia melaniae and C. nana, two new cichlid species (Perciformes, Cichlidae) from Gabon, Central Africa. Zootaxa, 143, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.143.1.1
   Lamboj, A. (2001) Revision des Chromidotilapia batesii/finleyi-Komplexes (Teleostei, Perciformes), mit der Beschreibungeiner neuen Gattung und dreier neuer Arten. Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Ichthyologie, 2, 11–47.
   Lamboj, A. (2005) Nanochromis sabinae, a new cichlid species (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from the Upper Congo River area and northeast Gabon. Zootaxa, 827, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.827.1.1
   Lamboj, A. (2009) A new dwarf cichlid genus and species (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from Guinea, West Africa. Zootaxa, 2173, 41–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2173.1.4
   Lamboj, A. (2012) A new species of the genus Congochromis (Cichlidae) from the Central Congo Basin. Cybium, 36 (2), 349–3.
   Lamboj, A. & Schelly, R. (2006) Nanochromis teugelsi, a new cichlid species (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Kasai Region and central Congo basin. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 17 (3), 247–254.
   Lamboj, A., Trummer, F. & Metscher, B. (2016) Wallaceochromis gen. nov, a new chromidotilapiine cichlid genus (Pisces: Perciformes) from West Africa. Zootaxa, 4144 (1), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4144.1.8
   Paulo, I. (1979) Eine neue Chromodotilapia-Art aus dem Bosumbwe-See/Ghana: Chromidotilapia bosumtwensis sp. n. (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae). Deutsche Cichliden Gesellschaft-Info, 10, 167–174.
   Pellegrin, J. (1904) Etude des poisons de la famille des cichlidés. Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France, 16, 273–271.
   Pellegrin, J. (1919) Sur un Cichlidé nouveau de l’Ogôoué appartenant au genre Pelmatochromis. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France, 44, 102–105.
   Sauvage, H. (1882) Notice sur les poisons du territoire d’Assinie (Côte d’or) (Mission scientifique de M. chaper). Bulletin Societe zoologique de France, 7, 313–325.
   Schliewen, U. & Stiassny, M. (2006) A new species of Nanochromis (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Mai Ndombe, central Congo Basin, Democratic Republic of Congo. Zootaxa, 1169, 33–46. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1169.1.2
   Schliewen, U. & Stiassny, M. (2003) Etia nguti, a new genus and species of cichlid fish from the River Mamfue, Upper Cross River basin in Cameroon. West-Central Africa. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 14, 61–71.
   Schwarzer, J., Lamboj, A., Langen, K., Misof, B. & Schliewen, U. (2015) Phylogeny and age of chromidot